Objective To explore the characteristics of electrocardiographic (ECG) changes after transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD). Methods Changes in ECGs of 215 patients after transcatheter closure of VSD from 2002 to 2004 were studied. Results The ECGs of all 215 patients were normal before operation while after operation, ECGs remained normal in 137 patients but 78 patients turned out to be abnormal. Transient atrioventricular interference dissociation occurred in 17 patients and their ECGs recovered to normal after 5 days. Left anterior bundle branch block occurred in another 17 patients and 15 of them returned to normal state 6 days after the procedure. Either right bundle block or left one occurred in 22 patients and their ECGs remained abnormal until they were discharged from the hospital. Advanced or Ⅲ? atrioventricular block occurred in 11 patients, 9 of them returned to normal state, but 2 patients required pocemaker implantation. Conclusion Transcatheter closure of VSD interferes the cardiac conducting system. Most patients can restore normal state, but few may leave behind sequelce.

The incidence of struma ovarii(SO) is low, accounting for 5% to 15% of ovarian teratoma.Huge SO, pleural effusion and ascites with elevated carbohydrate antigen 125 are rare.There is no perfect clinical treatment guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of SO.MRI of patients with SO showed " Black Pearl" appearance.Appendectomy can be selected as the operation method.Postoperative pathology can confirm the diagnosis, and the prognosis is good.

OBJECTIVE To suvey the mastering of knowledge on prevention and treatment of AIDS among medical staff and evaluate the effect of health education on them.METHODS Suvey among medical staff was performed by self-designed questionnaires before and after education,then evaluated the effect of health education.RESULTS The mean score before education was 20.12?2.28;The mean score after education was 20.77?4.04.There were significant differences between them(t=6.417,P

Objective To evaluate the effects of different depths of anesthesia with sevoflurane on cerebrovascular autoregulation in infants.Methods Twenty pediatric patients,of ASA physical status Ⅰ,aged 1-3 yr,undergoing elective hypospadias plasty surgery,were enrolled in the study.Single tube laryngeal mask was inserted after anesthesia was induced with 6％ sevoflurane inhalation.Caudal block was performed with 1 ml/kg of 0.2％ ropivacaine.Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane inhalation.The end-tidal sevoflurane concentration was adjusted to 1.8％,2.5％,3.3％ and 4.0％,and each concentration was maintained at this level for 15 min.The cerebral blood flow was collected from the middle cerebral artery immediately before adjusting the next concentration to record the Doppler spectrum and transient hyperemic response ratio (THRR) was measured.Results THRR at different depths of anesthesia with sevoflurane was larger than 1.09,and was within the normal range.THRR was significantly lower when the end-tidal concentration was 2.5％,3.3％ and 4.0％ than that obtained when end-tidal concentration was 1.8％.No significantdifference was detected in THRR between 2.5％ and 3.3 ％.THRR was significantly lower when the end-tidal concentration was 4.0 ％ than that obtained when the end-tidal concentration was 2.5％ and 3.3％.Conclusion Although the inhibitory effect on cerebrovascular autoregulation provided by sevoflurane anesthesia provides no obvious clinical significance,it shows statistical significance in infants.

Objective To explore the impact of berberine on serum levels of insulin resistance and cytokines in schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone. Methods Sixty-four schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone were randomized to berberine group (n=31) and control group (n=33). The fasting plasma blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (Fins) were detected before and after treatment in two groups. The homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. The serum levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay before and after the treatment. Results Compared with control group and pre-treatment group, the levels of FBG, Fins, HOMA-IR, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased after treatment in berberine group (P<0.05). The FBG level was significantly higher, the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-αwere significantly lower, after treatment in control group (P < 0.01). There were no significant changes in Fins and HOMA-IR after treatment (P > 0.05). There was positive correlation between HOMA-IR and IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in berberine group (r=0.316, 0.351 and 0.401, P<0.01). Conclusion Berberine can significantly decrease FBG, Fins, HOMA-IR, IL-
1β, IL-6 and TNF-α levels in schizophrenia patients treated with risperidone. The HOMA-IR level is closely correlated with IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-αlevels.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the incidence of nosocomial infections of newborn infants in neonates and to explore the risk factors and strategies of infection control.

METHODSThere were 433 confirmed cases of nosocomial infection in the neonatal ward of the authors' hospital from January 2007 to December 2009. Their data of epidemiological and clinical characteristics, results of etiological examinations and antibiotic resistance were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSDuring the study, the number of hospitalizations were 6437. Nosocomial infection occurred in 433 patients 513 times. The overall nosocomial infection rate was 6.82%. The overall hospitalization days were 73 663 and nosocomial infection patient-day rates were 6.96‰. The VAP infection rate was 28.7‰. The CRBSI rate was 3.5‰. Gestational age (OR = 1.049), mechanical ventilation (OR = 1.810), umbilical vein catheter (OR = 1.106), hospitalization days (OR = 1.081), premature rupture of membrane (OR = 1.433) were the risk factors for the development of nosocomial infection. There were 197 (38.4%) cases of pneumonia, which was the most common nosocomial infection in Neonatal Ward. There were 129 cases of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which accounts for 65.5% of pneumonia and 24.4% of cases treated with ventilator. The next was sepsis, 124 cases (24.2%) and 64 cases of diarrheal disease (12.7%). One hundred and eighty two (54.4%) strains of isolates were Gram-negative bacteria, which accounted for the highest proportion. The predominant pathogens of Gram-negative bacteria were Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.6%), followed by Acinetobacter baumannii (8.1%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (7.2%), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (4.8%) and Escherichia coli (4.8%). The isolation rates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli with positive extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) were 91.4% and 75%, respectively. Those two bacteria were universally resistant to cephalosporins. The rate of resistance to imipenem of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1.5%, 11.1% and 41.7%. The isolation rates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus were 28.6% and 95.5%.

CONCLUSIONIt is important to identify the high risk factors for nosocomial infections in newborn infants. To shorten time for mechanical ventilation and hospitalization days, removal of the central venous catheter as early as possible would be conducive to reducing the morbidity of nosocomial infection. The main pathogens were Gram-negative bacteria. The multidrug resistance of Enterobacteriaceae and Non-fermenters is serious.

Cross Infection ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate of hypertension among the elderly population in Shanxi Province. Methods According to the random sampling, 41 residents committees of city blocks and villages of 9 areas (including Taiyuan, Datong, Jinzhong, Yuncheng, et al) of Shanxi Province were extracted as the investigative spots. All the people were older than 55years, and risk factors for hypertension were identified. Results A total of 3702 people were surveyed, including 1,782 men and 1,920 women. The total hypertension prevalence rate was 39.0%(the standardized rate: 39. 5 %), with 38. 7 % in men (the standardized rate: 38. 5%), 39.3 % in women (the standardized rate: 41.2%), and no statistic significance was found between men and women (χ2= 0. 143, P>0. 05). Aging, lacking of knowledge, and obesity were risk factors for hypertension. Conclusions The hypertension in Shanxi Province has a high prevalence rate among the elderly population, a comprehensive intervention should be taken in the prevention of hypertension.

Objective To compare the application and clinical significance of the liquid based cytology examination and the DNA quantitative analysis in female cervical lesions.Methods The cervical cell samples were collected from 879 women participating in the comparison by the cervical brush and performed the the liquid-based thin layer section preparation for conducting Papanicolaou staining and DNA staining respectively.The liquid based cytology examination was performed on the Papanicolaou staining section and the fully automatic scanning diagnosis was performed on the DNA staining section.Results The cases of above atypical squa-mous cells of undetermined significance(ASCUS)detected by the liquid based cytology examination and the partial cases of hetero-ploid cell detected by the fully automated DNA ploidy analysis system were recommended to further perform colposcopy and cervi-cal biopsy.28 women were performed the pathological biopsy.With the cytological examination result as the standard,the detection rate of above ASCUS cervical lesions detected by the cellular DNA quantitative analysis was calculated.Conclusion The combined application of the cellular DNA quantitative analysis method and the liquid based cytology examination can obviously increase the positive detection rate of cervical cancer and precancerous lesion,which has important significance for the prevention and treatment of female cervical cancer in our country.

Objective To investigate the distribution of 39 kinds of human papillomavirus(HPV)infection genotypes in female cervical cells and its clinical significance.Methods 39 types of HPV DNA were extracted from 434 samples of female cervical cells. The gene amplification combined with the gene chip technique was adopted to detect 39 kinds of HPV genotype.And the clinical da-ta of the patients were analyzed.Results Among 434 samples of female cervical cell,175 cases were HPV positive,the total HPV infection rate was 40.32%(175/434).Among them,105 cases were the single type HPV infection with the positive detection rate of 24.19%(105/434)and 70 cases were the multiple types HPV infection with the positive detection rate of 16.13%(70/434).Among single type HPV infection,31 cases were the HPV18 infection with the positive detection rate of 17.71%(31/175),which was the main HPV infection type;followed by HPV16 in 12 cases with the positive detection rate of 6.86%(12/175)and HPV52 in 11 cases with the positive detection rate of 6.29%(11/175).Among the multi-type HPV infection,each 2 cases were HPV 6+54,HPV 18+52,HPV 51+68 infection respectively,each accounted for 2.86% of the multi-type HPV infection,which were the main infection types.Conclusion HPV 16,18,52 and HPV 6+54,HPV 18 +52 and HPV 51 +68 are the main HPV infection genotypes of fe-male cervical cells.The gene amplification combined with the gene chips technique is a method suitable for clinically conducting the HPV genotyping diagnosis and the molecular epidemiologic research of HPV infection.Along with the increase of detected HPV genotypes,the HPV infection rate is also increased,its genotypes combinations trend towards diversification.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare 9 perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSA) with carbon chain lengths (C4-C12) to inhibit human placental 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (3β-HSD1), aromatase, and rat 3β-HSD4 activities. METHODS: Human and rat placental 3β-HSDs activities were determined by converting pregnenolone to progesterone and progesterone secretion in JEG-3 cells was determined using HPLC/MS-MS, and human aromatase activity was determined by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: PFSA inhibited human 3β-HSD1 structure-dependently in the order: perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS, half-maximum inhibitory concentration, IC ₅₀: 9.03 ± 4.83 μmol/L) > perfluorodecanesulfonic acid (PFDS, 42.52 ± 8.99 μmol/L) > perfluoroheptanesulfonic acid (PFHpS, 112.6 ± 29.39 μmol/L) > perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS) = perfluoropentanesulfonic acid (PFPS) = perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS) = perfluorododecanesulfonic acid (PFDoS) (ineffective at 100 μmol/L). 6:2FTS (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid) and 8:2FTS (1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecanesulfonic acid) did not inhibit human 3β-HSD1. PFOS and PFHpS are mixed inhibitors, whereas PFDS is a competitive inhibitor. Moreover, 1-10 μmol/L PFOS and PFDS significantly reduced progesterone biosynthesis in JEG-3 cells. Docking analysis revealed that PFSA binds to the steroid-binding site of human 3β-HSD1 in a carbon chain length-dependent manner. All 100 μmol/L PFSA solutions did not affect rat 3β-HSD4 and human placental aromatase activity. CONCLUSION Carbon chain length determines inhibitory potency of PFSA on human placental 3β-HSD1 in a V-shaped transition at PFOS (C8), with inhibitory potency of PFOS > PFDS > PFHpS > PFBS = PFPS = PFHxS = PFDoS = 6:2FTS = 8:2FTS.
Humans ; Pregnancy ; Female ; Rats ; Animals ; Placenta ; Progesterone/pharmacology* ; Aromatase/pharmacology* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Fluorocarbons ; Alkanesulfonic Acids ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases/pharmacology*