Objective To investigate the effect and safety of combined spinal-epidural analgesia (CSEA) with different doses of ropivacaine during labor. Methods One hundred ASA Ⅰ -Ⅱ full term primigravidae were randomly divided into 5 groups: group Rl (n =20), R2 (n =21), R3 (n = 21), group Y ( n = 19) and group C ( n = 20) . When the external cervical os was dilated to 3-4cm lumbar puncture was performed at L2-3 or L3-4 with a special CSE needle. 0.75% ropivacaine 0.33ml (2.5mg), 0.5ml (3.75mg) or 0.67ml (5mg) was added to 5% glucose with a total volume of 2.5ml and injected into subarachnoid space in group R1, R2 and R3 respectively. When subarachnoid block was wearing off, patient controlled-epidural analgesia (PCEA) with 0.175% ropivacaine was started (background infusion 6ml/h, bolus 2ml, lock-out time 15min) . In group Y patients received only PCEA with 0.175% ropivacaine and in group C patients received neither CSEA nor PCEA and served as control. Level of pain (VAS scores), degree of motor block (modified Bromage scores), Apgar scores and neurological and adaptive capacity scores (NACS), the progress of labor, the amount of ropivacaine used and side effects were recorded and compared. Blood samples were taken from umbilical vein for blood gas analysis immediately after delivery. Results Demographic data were comparable between groups and there were no significant differences in the progress of labor, Apgar score, NACS and blood gases of umbilical venous blood between groups. The onset of analgesia was significantly faster in group R1, R2 and R3 than that ingroup Y(P

In order to analyze the correlation between critical residues in the catalytic centre of BSH and the enzyme substrate specificity, seven mutants of Lactobacillus salivarius bile salt hydrolase (BSH1) were constructed by using the Escherichia coli pET-20b(+) gene expression system, rational design and site-directed mutagenesis. These BSH1 mutants exhibited different hydrolytic activities against various conjugated bile salts through substrate specificities comparison. Among the residues being tested, Cys2 and Thr264 were deduced as key sites for BSH1 to catalyze taurocholic acid and glycocholic acid, respectively. Moreover, Cys2 and Thr264 were important for keeping the catalytic activity of BSH1. The high conservative Cys2 was not the only active site, other mutant amino acid sites were possibly involved in substrate binding. These mutant residues might influence the space and shape of the substrate-binding pockets or the channel size for substrate passing through and entering active site of BSH1, thus, the hydrolytic activity of BSH1 was changed to different conjugated bile salt.
Amidohydrolases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Bile Acids and Salts ; metabolism ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Lactobacillus ; enzymology ; genetics ; Substrate Specificity

Objective To comprehend the awareness rate and the implementation of risk factors related to Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection in families with children of Helicobacter pylori infection.To analyze the existing problems and formulate effective methods of health education.Methods Totally 558 families infected with HP were investigated with a self-designed structured questionnaire by call-back.Results 527 did not use separate eating tools,350 did not use independent tablewares,14 drank unboiled water,14 did not use bath appliances separately,7 used tooth glasses together,4 did not wash hands before eating and after toilet,no one had mouth-to-mouth feeding.248 children with HP sleeped with their family members and 246 family members used to have HP infections or stomach troubles.Conclusions The families with HP do not establish correct ways of separate eating,so the hospital need to develop multi-channel education.Most families with HP infected children have satisfactory health habits.Nearly half of the children with HP do not sleep in their own beds.Caregivers of children with HP infection should be the capital objects of health education.

Glucaric acid (GA) is derived from glucose and commonly used in chemical industry. It is also considered as one of the "Top value-added chemicals from biomass" as carbohydrate monomers to produce various synthetic polymers and bioenergy. The demand for GA in food manufacture is increasing. GA has also attracted public attentions due to its therapeutic uses such as regulating hormones, increasing the immune function and reducing the risks of cancers. Currently GA is produced by chemical oxidation. Research on production of GA via microbial synthesis is still at preliminary stage. We reviewed the advances of glucaric acid applications, preparation and quantification methods. The prospects on production of GA by microbial fermentation were also discussed.
Biomass ; Chemical Industry ; Fermentation ; Glucaric Acid ; chemistry ; Glucose ; Polymers

Objective To investigate the effects of hypertension on left atrial myocardial properties by strain and strain rate(SR)imaging.Methods A total of 56 consecutive patients with hypertension were divided into 2 groups:33 with normal LVMI and 23 with left ventricular hypertrophy.These patients and 20 controls underwent transthoracic echocardiography,strain and SR imaging examination.Atrial strain and SR values of hypertensive patients were compared with those of controls.Results When compared with the controls,early diastolic SR(ESR)was significantly decreased in hypertensive patients(P＜0.01-0.001),with time to peak late diastolic SR corrected for heart rate(TASRe)significantly increased in normal LVMI subgroup(P＜0.05).Moreover,late diastolic SR(ASR)were significantly decreased(P＜0.05)in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy as compared with normal LVMI.Conclusions Enlargement of left atrium leads to increased reservoir function in hypertensive patients,which compensates for the deterioration of conduit function.The duration of atrial systole may be prolonged to meet the need of ventricular filling in consequence of lower left atrial booster pump function.Noninvasive quantification of left atrial function by SR imaging enables evaluation of left atrial dysfunction due to hypertension.

To study the chemical constituents of Buddleja lindleyana Fort.. Methods　The constituents were isolated and purified by various chromatographic methods and structurally identifed by physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis. Results　10 compounds were obtained as α-spinasterol (Ⅰ), stigmasterol (Ⅱ)， β-sitosterol (Ⅲ), ursolic acid (Ⅳ), oleanolic acid (Ⅴ),phenanthrene (Ⅵ), glycerol mono tetracosanoate (Ⅶ), nonacosane (Ⅷ), acaciin (Ⅸ) and 6-O-vanilloyl-ajugol (Ⅹ). Conclusion　All these compounds were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Objective To investigate the effect of water-immersion restraint stress(WRS) on nitric oxide(NO) production and its mechanism in rat platelets.Methods Male SD rats underwent WIR stress for 2,4 and 8 hours.Ulcer index(UI) of stomach was chedsed by Guth method,nitrite production was measured by Greiss assay,nitric oxide synthase(NOS) activities and L-arginine transport rate were determined by isotope tracer method.ResultsAfter 2 h WRS,the NO production,the NOS activity and L-arginine transport rate in rat platelets obviously increased and then gradually decreased.After 8 h of WRS,these parameters were decreased as compared with the control group.The gastric ulcer appeared and got more serious after 4 h WIR stress.Conclusion Short-term WRS up-regulates L-arginine /NO pathway and increases nitric oxide production in the platelets but long-term WIR stress has the reversed effect.

Objectives To learn the effect of self-recognition-based healthy management on community diabetics. Methods A total of 40 community diabetics were evaluated and trained for 3 months.SPSS11.5 software was used for data analysis. Results At 3 months, some risk factors of diabetes,including body weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumstance (WC), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and 2 h postprandial blood sugar (PBS), were improved (P ＜0. 05). Male patients showed statistically significant reduction in body weight, BMI and WC ( P ＜ 0. 05 ).However, female subjects were found to have significant decline in body weight, BMI, WC, SBP and DBP (P＜0. 05). Those ＞60 year-old had significantly decreased body weight, BMI, WC, SBP, DBP and 2 h PBS ( P ＜ 0. 05). Lower levels of WC, SBP and triglyceride were seen in individuals ＜ 60 year-old ( P ＜0. 05 ). Conclusion Self-recognition-based healthy management could effectively reduce diabetic risk factors and prevent the development of diabetic complications.

Objective To observe the influence of different altitudes on the basic vital signs of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) rescuers before and after CPR.Methods The experiment was completed in the Simulated Cabin for Special Environment of Northwest of China. Ninety healthy adult medical staff in General Hospital of Xinjiang Command were randomly and equally divided into 3 groups: plain (normal oxygen), 3700-meter high altitude and 4300-meter high altitude. According to the 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care, the values of heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiration rate (RR), arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2), before and after 1 CPR cycle were recorded for statistical analysis and their changes were compared.Results The HR and RR significantly increased (P<0.05), but MAP and SpO2 did not change significantly (P>0.05) in the three groups. The HR and RR was faster in 4300 meter high-altitude than in 3700 meter high-altitude (P<0.05), and was faster in 3700 meter high-altitude than in the plain (P<0.05). But there was no significant difference between the three groups in MAP and SpO2 (P>0.05).Conclusions With the elevation of the altitude, HR and RR may significantly increase in CPR rescuers, but there is no significant influence on MAP and SpO2.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the expressions of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), midkine (MK) and MVD marked with CD105 antibody in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) and their clinical significance. METHOD: The expressions of TP, MK and CD105 in LSCC tissues of 43 cases were studied by immunohistochemical staining. RESULT: The positive expression rates of TP and MK in LSCC were 67.4% and 60.5% respectively, the mean value of MVD was 6.01 +/- 1.78. MVD was significantly higher in tumor tissue with both positive TP and MK than in that with both negative TP and MK (7.07 +/- 3.26 vs. 4.03 +/- 1.90, P < 0.05). The expression of TP, MK and CD105 were all correlated with T-stage and lymph node metastasis. Positive TP, MK expression and high MVD were all associated with a poor survival, and positive expression of both TP and MK in tumors conferred a poorer prognosis than negative expression of those factors in tumors, but only the lymph node metastasis and MVD were independent prognostic factors on multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Both TP and MK are important for angiogenesis in LSCC. TP, MK and angiogenesis are all closely correlated with the progress of LSCC and the lymph node metastasis. The lymph node metastasis and MVD marked with CD105 antibody were independent prognostic factors. TP and MK may affect the progression and prognosis of tumor by promotion of angiogenesis. A combinative detection of TP, MK and CD105 can be as valuable tumor marker and prognostic factor for LSCC.
Adult ; Aged ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Endoglin ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Midkine ; Neoplasm Staging ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Nerve Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Prognosis ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Thymidine Phosphorylase ; metabolism