根据弱智儿童对音乐的喜好 ,因势利导对其进行 5周集中强化的音乐训练 ,以探讨训练对弱智儿童注意短暂、兴趣易转移、纪律性差等行为的矫正 ,以及感知能力的协调、认识能力的改善等的作用。

Objective To systematically evaluate the effects of glucagon?like peptide?1(GLP?1)analogues exenatide and liraglutide on body weight in patients with type 2 diabetics mellitus. Methods Such databases as PubMed,Embase,CNKI and CMFD(1987?2014)were searched for randomized controlled trials. The meta?analysis was performed on the extracted related data using the software STATA 11. Results Totally 31 RCTs (7 036 patients)were included. The meta?analysis on body weight in these patients showed the following findings:compared to controls,liraglutide (1.8 mg)effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.45,95%CI:-0.59,-0.31);compared to positive controls,liraglutide(1.2 mg and 1.8 mg) also effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.91. 95%CI:-1.07,-0.75;WMD=-0.78,95%CI:-1.02,-0.54). Compared to controls,exena?tide(5μg and 10μg)effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-0.36,95%CI:-0.64,-0.09;WMD=-0.99,95%CI:-1.27,-0.72);compared to positive controls,exenatide(10μg)also effectively decreased body weight(WMD=-1.14,95%CI:-1.46,-0.82). Conclusion As novel intes?tinal pancreatotropic hormone analogues,exenatide and liraglutide can effectively reduce body weight,providing new alternatives of hypoglycemic agents for patients with type 2 diabetics mellitus.

Objective To study the influence of Yin-nourishing Qi-tonifying and blood-activating recipe(养阴益气活血方) on anticoagulation and fabrinolysis of cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVEC).Methods Yin-nourishing Qi-tonifying blood-activating recipe was composed of three equal proportions of Radix Rehmanniae(生地黄),Radix Astragali(黄芪) and Rhizoma Chuanxiong(川芎);blood-activating recipe(活血方)contains Rhizoma Chuanxiong only.Serology pharmacology method was used to observe the effects of Yin-nourishing Qi-tonifying and blood-activating recipe on anticoagulation and fabrinolysis of cultured endotheliocytes of human umbilical vein.Results Compared with control group,both Yin-nourishing Qi-tonifying blood-activating and blood-activating recipes could obviously increase the content of 6-keto-prostacyclin 1?(6-keto-PGF1?) in HUVEC((412.5?42.7)ng/L and(231.7?30.1)ng/L vs.(137.6?13.5)ng/L),promote the activity of tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA)((0.920?0.072)kU/L and(0.679?0.062)kU/L vs.(0.516?0.052)kU/L),and inhibit the activity of tissue plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI)((0.622?0.071)kAU/L and(0.851?0.085)kAU/L vs.(0.934?0.076)kAU/L),decrease the content of endothelin(ET)((35.7?4.9)ng/L and(46.8?5.1)ng/L vs.(58.6?6.2)ng/L),and increase the content of nitrogen monoxide(NO)((21.68?2.26)mmol/L and(15.15?1.73)mmol/L vs.(8.67?1.24)mmol/L) of cultured HUVEC(P

Objective To observe the characteristics of morphosis parameter of the optic disc of physiologie large cup. Methods 100 eyes with physiologic large cup and 74 eyes with normal cup were examined by Heidelberg Retina Tomograph(HRT).The differences of morphosis parameters between two groups were analyzed comparatively on disc area(DA),cup volume(CV),cup/disc area ratio(C/DR),rim area(RA),cup volume(CV),rim volume(RV),mean cup depth(MeCD),maximum cup depth (MxCD),cup shape measure(CSM),height variation contour(HVC),mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness(mRNFLt),and retinal nerve fiber layer cross-section area(RNFLcsa).The characteristics of the inferior.superior,nasal,and temporal quadrants of the physiologic large cups were analyzed.Results DA,CA,C/DR,CV,MeCD,CSM(P=0.00.respectively)and MxCD(P=0.04)were significantly larger in eyes with physiologic large cup than in eyes with normal cup.RA,RV,HVC,mRNFLt,RNFLcsa(P=0.00,respectively)were significantly smaller in eyes with physiologic large cup than in eyes with normal cup.The temporal quadrant of RV of the physiologic large cup is the narrowest.RNFLcsa decreased as the following order:superior,inferior,nasal,and temporal(P＜0.05).Conclusions Morphosis parameter of the optic discs of physiologic large cup has its own representation on characteristics.Compared to normal cups,physiologic large cups had larger discs but smaller mRNFLt.The nasal quadrant of DA was larger than the inferior quadrant.

Objective To evaluate the influence of a selective Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor (fasudil hydrochloride) on outflow facility in enucleated porcine,rabbit and bovine eyes.Methods At the constant perfusion pressure of 15 mm-Hg (1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),the baseline coefficient of outflow facility (C0) of the isolated porcine,rabbit and bovine eyes was recorded respectively.The enucleated porcine eyes were divided into two groups randomly (n =6),and they were control group and experimental group.The same grouping method was also used-C0 the ribbit and bovine eyes.The control group was subjected to GPBS perfusion,while the experimental group was treated with 100 μmol · L-1 fasudil solution,followed by recording the experimental coefficient of outflow facility (C1),as well as calculating ΔC (ΔC =C1-C0) and ΔC％ (ΔC％ =ΔC/C0).Finally,the paired t test and one-way analysis of variance were performed using SPSS 17.0.Results As for porcine eyes,the ΔC％ of the control group was (17.83 ± 3.84) ％ while the experimental group was (44.00 ± 6.44) ％;as for rabbit eyes,the ΔC％ of the control group was (15.50 ± 2.93) ％,while the experimental group was (31.67 ±6.54)％;as for bovine eyes,the ΔC％ of the control group was (11.67 ± 1.17)％,while the experimental group was (37.17 ± 4.48)％.The ΔC％ in the experimental group was significantly increased when compared with the control group in three animals,with significant difference (all P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference in ΔC％ of three experimental groups among different kinds of animals (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Fasudil can improve outflow facility in enucleated eyes of animals,and it can redistribute aqueous humor drainage to a wider area through directly regulating the cytoskeleton of cells and matrix,resulting in increased coefficient of outflow facility.

Forearm ; Humans ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Surgical Flaps ; Tongue ; abnormalities ; injuries ; surgery

BACKGROUND: A fibrinolytic enzyme (FLE) was purified from the venom of Agkistrodon blomhoffi brevicaudus by ion-exchange chromatography;meanwhile, it can dissolve thrombotic anti-thrombus drugs during onset of myocardial infarction and apoplexy.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the purification of FLE from the venom of Agkistrodon blomhoffi brevicaudus and research some biochemical and pharmacological characterizations.DESIGN: Controlled observational study.SETTING: Snake Venom Research Institute, Guangxi Medical University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in Snake Venom Research Institute of Guangxi Medical University from July 2003 to June 2005.Kunming mice, weighing 18-25 g, of mean body mass of (20±2) g, aged 3-4 months were provided by Experimental Animal Center of Guangxi Medical University. Agkistrodon blomhoffi brevicaudus was supplied by Snake Venom Research Institute of Guangxi Medical University.METHODS: FLE was purified with DEAE Sepharose CL-6B ion exchang columns and HiPrep Sephacryl S 100; purity and relative molecular mass were measured with high-effective chromatograph of liquid and polyacrylamidedel electrophoresis (PAGE); isoelectric point was measured with isoelectric focusing electrophoresis; and then, components and partially pharmacological characteristics were also measured.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Relative molecular mass, conformation of isoelectric point and amino acid, effect of inhibitor on FLE, hemorrhagic activity, and anticoagulant effect of FLE.RESULTS: All 30 rats and 12 rabbits were involved in the final analysis.Relative molecular mass was 59 100 and isoelectric point was 4.98. SDSPAGE acted as a zone in vitro. High-effective chromatograph of liquid showed a simple peak of FLE. This group belonged to metallo proteinases.Analysis of components of amino acid suggested that it contained a lot of acidity amino acids, had mild hemorrhagic toxicity and strongly thrombolytic effect.CONCLUSION: A simple acidity metallo proteinases, which is characterized by mild hemorrhagic toxicity and strong anti-coagulation, can be purified from the venom of Agkistrodon blomhoffi brevicaudus.

Objective To analyze the relationship between Arg -1 expression and the clinical pathologi-cal factors ,proliferation and prognosis value in patients with colorectal cancer .Methods The expression of Arg-1 was observed in normal tissues ,chronic inflammatory tissues ,and adenomas inflammatory carcinoma tissues of mice.At the same time,Arg-1 expression was observed in human colorectal cancer adjacent tissues ,inflamed tis-sues and colorectal cancer tissues .Arg-1 expressed in 20 cases colorectal inflammation -cancer model in mice . Arg-1 expressed in 20 normal colorectal tissues .Fiftheen colitis tissues and 110 colorectal cancer tissues were examined by Immunohistochemistry .Statistical analysis was used to analyze the changes of Arg -1 expression in different groups of mice and human colon tissue cases .Results Arg-1 protein expression in normal tissues of mice was gradually increased in colon ,chronic inflammatory tissues,adenomas,inflammatory carcinoma,with sta-tistical significances(P<0.05).Arg-1 expression in para -carcinoma tissue,colitis tissues,colorectal cancer tissues was gradually increased with statistical significance (P<0.05).Conclusion Arg-1 protein is associat-ed with colorectal cancer TNM stage .Arg-1 protein may be involved in occurrence and development process of inflammation-associated colon tumor and may be a candidate of proliferated and prognostic biomarker in patients with colorectal cancer .

Objective To investigate the current prevalent status of endemic fluorosis in the alluvial plain area of the Yellow River in Shandong Province,in order to provide a scientific basis for developing control measures against the disease.Methods Six counties were selected as survey counties by random sampling,ten improvedwater projects were selected in each survey county,for the projects,the operating effect was investigated and water fluoride content was tested;three epidemic villages were chosen as survey villages in each county,the operating condition and the fluoride level of water were investigated in the villages with water improvement projects.Dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was surveyed,the urinary fluoride and skeletal fluorosis X-ray diagnosis were checked of adults over the age of 25.Water fluoride and urinary fluoride contents were detected via the F-ion selective electrode method,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 to 12 was diagnosed based on Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of Dental Fluorosis (WS/T 208-2011),skeletal fluorosis X-ray diagnosis was done based on the National Standard for Diagnosis of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis (WS 192-2008).Results ①In the six counties,58 improved-water defluoridation projects were investigated,all projects were operated normally,the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 44.83％ (26/58).②A total of 19 villages that had water-improving and defluoridation projects were investigated,and all projects were operated normally,the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 42.11％ (8/19).③The overall rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 years old was 49.28％ (480/974),with the index of dental fluorosis as 1.01 in 19 villages,the prevalence of dental fluorosis was mild.In the qualified villages of water fluoride concentration,the positive rate of dental fluomsis among children aged 8 to 12 was 33.41％ (148/443),dental fluorosis index was 0.65,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was extremely low;in the exceeding-standard villages of water fluoride content,the positive rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 was 62.52％ (332/531),dental fluorosis index was 1.36,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was mild;the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 of the villages with qualified fluoride content was lower than the rate of the villages with excessive fluoride (x2 =81.91,P ＜ 0.01).④X-ray detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults over the age of 25 was 6.14％ (53/863) in 17 villages,there was no statistically significant difference between the qualified villages and the exceeding-standard villages of water fluoride concentration (x2 =1.55,P ＞ 0.05),X-ray detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults was 5.04％ (20/397) and 7.08％ (33/466),respectively.In the qualified villages and the exceeding-standard villages of water fluoride,urinary fluoride geometric average and the exceeding rate of urinary fluoride were 1.50 mg/L,44.16％ (170/385) and 2.09 mg/L,62.58％ (286/466),respectively.In the qualified villages of water fluoride,the exceeding rate of adult urinary fluoride was lower than that in the exceeding-standard villages (x2 =28.58,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The prevention and control measures on endemic fluorosis have had some effects in the alluvial plain area of the Yellow River in Shandong Province.But the water fluoride content of water improving defluoridation projects still exceeds the national standard seriously,and endemic fluorosis has not been effectively controlled.Prevention measures should be further strengthened.

Objective To investigate the methods of steroid supplement following adrenalectomy in the patients with Cushing syndrome.Methods The methods and outcome of steroid supplement following adrenalectomy in 75 cases of Cushing syndrome were retrospectively reviewed.Results Supraphysiological doses of glucocorticoid was given during the perioperative period,and the dosage was reduced gradually.Prednisone with a dosage of 5 to 7.5 mg was given once a day on discharge.In the patients with adrenocortical adenoma,4 to 15 month of steroid supplement was required.The patients undergoing bilateral adrenalectomy required lifelong steroid supplementation.Steroid withdrawal syndrome occurred during steroid tapering in 8 patients with adrenocortical adenoma,2 of them had normal plasma cortisol level.Conclusion In the patients with Cushing syndrome,even those with normal plasma cortisol level might have steroid withdrawal syndrome episodes during steroid tapering.