0.05).The recurrence rate(19.04%)and incidence of CVA(11.90%)of treatment group were significantly shorter(P

Objective By observing the incidence of postoperative hyperalgesia in patients with total intravenous anesthesia,to study the effects of different anesthesia depth on postoperative hyperalgesia.Methods Forty gynecologic patients undergoing open lower abdominal operation were randomized into two groups (n=20): group B1 with BIS 40-49 and the group B2 with BIS 50-59.Anaesthesia was induced and maintained with intravenous anesthetics.The threshold of haphalgesia and the range of mechanical hyperalgesia were measured before operation.The consumption of the intravenous anesthetics,the emergence time and the extubation time were recorded.The vital signs were recorded at eight time points: pre-aneasthesia (T0),abdominal exploration (T1),the end of operation (T2)and 1 h (T3),4 h (T4),12 h (T5),24 h (T6),48 h (T7) after extubation.The VAS scores at T3-T7 were recorded.The PCA dosage of analgesic and superaddition in postoperative 24 h and 48 h were recored.The Von Frey Hairs were used to assessed the threshold of haphalgesia and the range of mechanical hyperalgesia at T6 and T7.Results The MAP at T6 and T7 and the VAS scores at T6 of the group B1 were lower than those of the group B2 (P<0.05).The range of mechanical hyperalgesia at T7 of the group B1 was narrower than that of the group B2 (P<0.05).Conclusion Maintaining the anesthesia depth within BIS 40-49 can reduce the body′s stress reaction,decrease the incidence of postoperative hyperalgesia and accelerate the recovery time of mechanical hyperalgesia in postoperative 48 h.

Objective To study the efficacy and side effects of methotrexate with different protocols in the treatment of ectopic pregnancy (EP). Methods Total of 648 patients who had EP and were treated only with MTX were analysed.Patients were divided into six groups according to protocol: Group 1,100 mg intravenously( IV); Group 2,100 mg, IV, followed by citrovorum factor; Group 3, 20 mg, IV every day for five days; Group 4, 20 mg intramusculary (IM) every day for five days; Group 5, 75 mg,IV; Group 6, 75 mg, IM.Results The rates of repeated MTX injection in group1～6 because of inadequate decrease of hCG were 23.3%,25.0%,21.4%,20.6%,24.4% and 22.4% respectively .Success rates were 87.4%,85.4%,90.5%,92.6%,86.3% and 91.4% respectively.Rates of liver dysfunction were 10.3%,8.3%,64.3%,69.1%,8.7% and 31.0%.Conclusion Single-dose of 75mg MTX IV injection may be the best regimen in the treatment of EP because of the same efficacy but the least side effects.

AimTo investigate the protective effect of nerve growth factor (NGF) from the Chinese cobra venom on spinal neurons after sciatic nerve lesion. Methods Fourty Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups each containing 20 animals. After surgical crush lesion on the bilateral sciatic nerve, the rats were injected NGF into the target muscle every day. On the d 5 and d 10 after operation, enzyme histochemistry technique was used to show acetycholinesterase(AchE) activity of the motoneurons in L5～S2 spinal cord anterior hornandfluorideresistantacidphophatase (FRAP) activity of substantia gelatinosa in L5～ S2 spinal cord posterior horn. The activity of enzyme was analysed with computer image analysis system. Results Compared with the control group, the activity of FRAP in NGF group was higher on the d 5 and d 10 after operation and the activity of AchE in NGF group was higher on the d 10 after operation. ConclusionIt is demonstrated that NGF could protect the mononeurons in spinal cord anterior horn and the sensory neurons in dorsal root ganglia after axotomy.

AIM　To study the effect of desipramin e (DMI) on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of rat glioma C6 cel ls. METHODS　Cell proliferation w as measured by MTT colorimetric assay and cells undergoing apoptosis were determ ined by electron microscope and flow cytometry. The expression of bcl-2 was eva luated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS　DMI could result in the c oncentration-dependent inhibition of C6 cell proliferation and lead to arrest i n G0～G1 phase of cell cycle. The value of IC50 and 95% confidence lim its were 20.7(17.3～24.2) μmol*L－1.DMI（40 μmol*L－1）-indu ced apoptosis showed classical apoptotic morphology and the hypodiploid peak ap peared on the histogram of FCM in a concentration-dependent manner, which could be abrogated by cycloheximide(1.8 μmol*L－1). Meanwhile, DMI (10 μmol *L－1) could down-regulate the expression of apoptosis associated gene b cl-2. CONCLUSION　DMI could inhibit cell proliferation in a con centration dependent manner and induce typical apoptosis of C6 cells.

Objective:To investigate the effect of RNA-mediated interference EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) expression on the apoptosis of muitidrug-resisitant ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3/DDP. Methods: Small hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting EGFR was synthesized and recombinant plasmid containing pEGFR-shRNA was constructed, pEGFR-shRNA was tansfected into SKOV3/DDP cells by liposome system, untransfected cells and SKOV3/DDP cells tansfected with nonspecific-shRNA (Ctrl-shRNA) were used as control. Expression of EGFR mRNA and protein in SKOV3/DDP cells was examined by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry after transfection, respectively. The apopototic rates and cell cy-cles of SKOV3/DDP cells were detected by flow cytometry. Results: Compared with Ctrl-shRNA-transfected cells, the ex-pression of EGFR mRNA and protein in pEGFR-shRNA-transfected SKOV3/DDP cells was significantly inhibited. Flow cytometry results showed that cell cycle distribution in pEGFR-shRNA-transfected SKOV3/DDP cells was dramatically changed, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased after further treatment with cisplatin for 24 h. Conclusion: EGFR-targeted interference RNA can inhibit the expression of EGFR in SKOV3/DDP cells, thereby regulating the cell cy-cle and increasing apoptosis of multidrug-resistant SKOV3/DDP cells.

Objective To investigate the effect of DRAM1 on the acute ischemic injury of H9C2 cardiomyocytes. Methods H9C2 cardiomyocytes were treated with Oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) after DRAM1 adenovirus transfection. MTT assay was performed to detect cell viability and Annex V/PI staining was used to analyze the cell apoptosis. Western blot was performed to measure the expression of P62. Results DRAM1 overexpression increased the H9C2 cardiomycytes viability after OGD treatment for 12 hours. DRAM1 overexpression was attenuated, while siRNA-AD-DRAM1 exacerbated the apoptosis rate of H9C2 cardiomycytes after OGD treatment for 12 hours by Annex V/PI staining. P62 protein expression was increased in the H9C2 cardiomycytes after OGD treatment for 12 hours, which was reversed by DRAM1 overexpression. Conclusion DRAM1 may protect H9C2 cardiomycytes against OGD injury due to the improvement of the autophagy flux.

Objective To investigate the current prevalent status of endemic fluorosis in the alluvial plain area of the Yellow River in Shandong Province,in order to provide a scientific basis for developing control measures against the disease.Methods Six counties were selected as survey counties by random sampling,ten improvedwater projects were selected in each survey county,for the projects,the operating effect was investigated and water fluoride content was tested;three epidemic villages were chosen as survey villages in each county,the operating condition and the fluoride level of water were investigated in the villages with water improvement projects.Dental fluorosis of children aged 8 to 12 was surveyed,the urinary fluoride and skeletal fluorosis X-ray diagnosis were checked of adults over the age of 25.Water fluoride and urinary fluoride contents were detected via the F-ion selective electrode method,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis of all children aged 8 to 12 was diagnosed based on Clinical Diagnostic Criteria of Dental Fluorosis (WS/T 208-2011),skeletal fluorosis X-ray diagnosis was done based on the National Standard for Diagnosis of Endemic Skeletal Fluorosis (WS 192-2008).Results ①In the six counties,58 improved-water defluoridation projects were investigated,all projects were operated normally,the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 44.83％ (26/58).②A total of 19 villages that had water-improving and defluoridation projects were investigated,and all projects were operated normally,the qualified rate of water fluoride content was 42.11％ (8/19).③The overall rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 years old was 49.28％ (480/974),with the index of dental fluorosis as 1.01 in 19 villages,the prevalence of dental fluorosis was mild.In the qualified villages of water fluoride concentration,the positive rate of dental fluomsis among children aged 8 to 12 was 33.41％ (148/443),dental fluorosis index was 0.65,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was extremely low;in the exceeding-standard villages of water fluoride content,the positive rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 was 62.52％ (332/531),dental fluorosis index was 1.36,and the prevalence of dental fluorosis was mild;the detection rate of dental fluorosis among children aged 8 to 12 of the villages with qualified fluoride content was lower than the rate of the villages with excessive fluoride (x2 =81.91,P ＜ 0.01).④X-ray detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults over the age of 25 was 6.14％ (53/863) in 17 villages,there was no statistically significant difference between the qualified villages and the exceeding-standard villages of water fluoride concentration (x2 =1.55,P ＞ 0.05),X-ray detection rate of skeletal fluorosis in adults was 5.04％ (20/397) and 7.08％ (33/466),respectively.In the qualified villages and the exceeding-standard villages of water fluoride,urinary fluoride geometric average and the exceeding rate of urinary fluoride were 1.50 mg/L,44.16％ (170/385) and 2.09 mg/L,62.58％ (286/466),respectively.In the qualified villages of water fluoride,the exceeding rate of adult urinary fluoride was lower than that in the exceeding-standard villages (x2 =28.58,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The prevention and control measures on endemic fluorosis have had some effects in the alluvial plain area of the Yellow River in Shandong Province.But the water fluoride content of water improving defluoridation projects still exceeds the national standard seriously,and endemic fluorosis has not been effectively controlled.Prevention measures should be further strengthened.

AIM To study the effect of desipramine (DMI ) on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction of rat glioma C6 cells. METH ODS Cell proliferation was measured by MTT col- orimetric assay and cells undergoing apoptosis were determined by electron microscope and flow cytometry. The expression of hcf-2 was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS DMI could result in the concentration- dependent inhibition of C6 cell proliferation and lead to arrest in GO - G1 phase of cell cycle. The value of Ica and 95% confidence limits were 20.7(17 .3~24 .2) ?mol?L~ 1. DMI(40 ?mol? L-l )-induced apoptosis showed classical apoptotic morphology and the hypodiploid peak appeared on the histogram of FCM in a concentration- dependent man ner, which could be abrogated by cycloheximide(1. 8 ?mol? L- １ ). Meanwhile, DMI (10 ?mol? L- 1 ) could down-regulate the expression of apoptosis associated gene hcl-2. CONCLUSION DMI could inhibit cell proliferation in a concentration dependent manner and induce typical apoptosis of C6 cells.

Cultivation of academic type of medical graduate students is an important part of medical education system in our country and the individualized cultivation is an important way of training.Frist,the individualized cultivation of academic type of medical graduate students requires that supervisors fully understand the characteristics of the graduate students based on supervisors' subjective feelings and the result of scientific research test of the students.and then divide the students into three types(type A,B and C).With reference to the PDCA cycle management model,the supervisors carry out the individualized cultivation for different types of students in various links of the PDCA cycle,in order to encourage excellent students,urge the average students,and help the students who are behind.From the result of the individualized cultivation of academic type of medical graduate students in single research team,the proportion of students type rose from 2.9％ (type A),65.7％ (type B) and 31.4％(type C) at the beginning to 23.5％(type A),68.6％(type B) and 7.9％(type C) at the time of graduation.The research output is huge,so as to promote the quality of cultivation of academic type of medical graduate students.