Working time of normal setting impression materials was 71 (hand mixing,30 s),66 (Alghamix,20 s) and 53 (Algimax-Ⅱ,8 s) seconds respectively.Working time of fast setting impression materials was 56 (hand mixing,30 s) and 51 (Alghamix 20 s) seconds respectively.Setting time of normal setting impression materials was 163 (hand mixing,30 s),160(Alghamix 20 s) and 124(Algimax-Ⅱ,8 s)seconds respectively.Setting time of fast setting impression materials were 131 (hand mixing,30 s) and121 (Alghamix 20 s) seconds.The working and setting time of normal setting impression materials mixed by hand mixing(30 s) and auto-mixing (Alghamix 20 s;Algimax-Ⅱ,8 s) and fast setting impression materials mixed by hand mixing(30 s) and with auto-mixing using Alghamix (20 s) may satisfly clinical requirement.

Objective To reconstruct tissue-engineered uterine patch similar to native endometrium and myotrium. Methods The purified rabbit uterine smooth muscle cells and stromal cells were mixed with liquid type Ⅰ collagen, and laid on mold respectively. Then the collagen-embedded cells were combined to create a cell complex, epithelial cells were inoculated on top of the complex, histological and immunohistochemical staining, and scanning electron microscopy were used to analyze the engineered uterine tissue. Results The engineered uterine tissues (EUTs) were reconstructed with isolated and cultured uterine smooth muscle cells, stromal cells and epithelial cells. After cultured for 14 days, histological and immunohistochemical analyses showed that the smooth muscle cells and stromal cells in the EUTs distributed evenly in the two layers and the majority of the cells, with elongated nuclei, stretched along the stretching direction. The morphology of EUTs resembled that of the native uterine tissue. In scanning electron microscopy, some epithelial cells protruded pinopodes. The surface of epithelial cells was covered abundantly with microvilli and some cells were ciliated. Conclusion Uterine smooth muscle cells and stromal cells were mixed with Liquid type Ⅰcollagen respectively, and epithelial cells were inoculated on top of the complex for generation of EUTs similar to the native uterine tissue.

Thanks to the policies of resources to strengthen grassroots ,and innovative resource placement in Zhejiang province and the help of Zhejiang University School of Medicine ,Shaoxing regional medical center has achieved significant improvement in its medical capabilities .The cooperation features the following :active promotion of new medical ideas and key technologies ;overall enhancement of scientific and technological innovation ;talent training to advance disciplinary development ;and joint efforts to train postgraduates .The momentum ,however ,can only be maintained ,unless such problems as the means of resources placement ,disciplines alignment ,and medical workers development can be well addressed .

[Objective]To explore the application of alcohol in unearthed medical literature,so as to provide reference for the clinical application of alcohol in modern Chinese medicine.[Methods]Based on the unearthed literatures such as Wushier Bingfang,Wuwei Medical Bamboo Slips of Han Dynasty,ZHOU Jiatai Medical Bamboo Slips of Qin Dynasty,Tianhui Medical Bamboo Slips and so on,combined with the relevant records in the handed down literature,the application of alcohol in the unearthed literatures was compared and summarized.[Results]Although there is no specific reason for the use of alcohol in the unearthed medical literature,a comprehensive analysis can be made from the related records in the contemporaneous literature.The analysis showed that in the pre-Qin,Qin and Han Dynasties,most of the alcohol was yellow wine,which was used in the way of alcohol mixing,alcohol decoction and impregnation,and was widely used in the treatment of various diseases.It is concluded that the alcohol has the effect of"changing the medicinal properties,direct to the disease""warming the channels and clearing the collaterals,removing blood stasis and relieving pain""correcting the odor,enhancing the drug effect"and so on.The application of alcohol in the later literature showed different characteristics in each period,but all developed on the basis of the application of alcohol in the Qin and Han Dynasties.[Conclusion]Alcohol has great potential in the clinical treatment of modern Chinese medicine,but the soaking and decocting time of alcohol for medicine,the effect of different temperatures is worth further study.

Objective:To validate gender-related differences in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC).Methods:We used a method of combination of SEER database analysis and validation in our center. We selected 2 125 men (57.8%) and 1 552 (42.2%) women who underwent radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for UTUC between 1995 and 2015 within the surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries (SEER). In male cases, the median age was 71(22-99)years old, median follow-up time was 53.0 (0-227) months, 902 (89.5%) cases were Caucasian, 1 384 cases (65.1%) were located in the renal pelvis, and 810(38.1%) cases were T 3-T 4. For female cases, the median age was 73.6(25-99)years old, median follow-up time was 53.1(0-226) months, 1 417(91.3%) cases were Caucasian, 1 043 cases (67.2%) were located in the renal pelvis, and 508 (32.7%) cases were T 3-T 4. The analysis of SEER database showed that female patients were older compared to male patients ( P=0.002), the proportion of T 3-T 4 was even lower ( P=0.028). There were no statistically significant differences in race, tumor location, and follow-up time between males and females (all P>0.05). We also enrolled 131 men (55.3%) and 106 women (44.7%) who underwent RNU for non-muscle invasive (T a/T is/T 1) UTUC between January 2000 and January 2015. These patients had no history of bladder cancer, UTUC and kidney transplantation. Preoperative cystoscopy was performed to confirm the absence of bladder tumor. The male group was (65.8±12.4)years old, with history of aristolochic acid medications in 7(5.3%) cases, 98 smoking cases (74.8%), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of (64.2±29.4)ml/(min·1.73 m 2). In the female group, mean age was (66.7±11.9)years, 14 (13.2%) cases had history of aristolochic acid medications, 16(15.1%) had history of smoking, eGFR (56.3±27.9) ml/(min·1.73m 2). Compared with female patients, male patients tended to had less aristolochic acids exposure (5.3% vs.13.2%, P<0.001), frequent smoking (74.8% vs. 15.1%, P<0.001) and better renal function ( P=0.036). The Kaplan-Meier test was used for time-to-event analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were adopted to examine the effect of gender on the development of T 3-T 4 tumor. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to assess the roles of factors on overall survival (OS) in both SEER and cases in our center, and competing-risks regression model was used to assess the roles of factors on cancer-specific survival (CSS) in both SEER and cases in our center. Results:Multivariate logistic analysis showed that gendere represented an independent risk factor of T 3-T 4 UTUC development( OR=0.86, P=0.02). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that better OS and CSS for females only existed in the non-muscle invasive stages(5-year OS rates were 80.4% vs.87.3%, χ 2=31.0, P<0.001; 5-year CSS rates were 82.6% vs.89.2%, χ 2=31.2, P<0.001). In multivariate competing-risks regression models, no statistically significant differences in survival were observed between males and females ( HR=0.83, P=0.115). For the patients in our center, there were also no statistically significant differences existed in the non-muscle invasive stage between two genders on OS and CSS ( HR=0.93, P=0.071; HR=0.87, P=0.064). Conclusions:Females were less likely to have advanced pathological T stage. The differences on OS and CSS between males and females only existed in non-muscle invasive stage. However, after accounting for gender related factors, gender no longer had effects on UTUC prognosis.

Objective:To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of intra-articular platelet rich plasma combined with hyaluronic acid and platelet rich plasma alone in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Methods:The relevant literatures published between January 2010 and December 2021 on the randomized control study of intra-articular injection of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid and injection of platelet rich plasma only in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis were searched. The bias risk of all the literatures included in the study was evaluated by Revman 5.3 software, and the data were processed and analyzed by Stata 16.0 software. The standardized mean difference ( SMD) was calculated for the difference of efficacy indexes, and the difference was compared by t- test. The odds ratio ( OR) was calculated for the difference of safety in-dex, and the difference was compared by t- test. Results:①A total of 7 relevant research literatures were in-cluded, all of which were in English. ②A total of 675 patients were included in the study, of which 330 patients were treated with intra-articular injection of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid, and 345 patients were treated with intra-articular injection of platelet rich plasma only. ③The VAS scores of patients with platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid injection combined with injection and platelet rich plasma injection alone were compared. After 1 and 3 months of injection, the VAS scores of patients with platelet rich plasma combined with hyaluronic acid injection were compared with those of patients with platelet rich plasma injection only. There was no significant difference[ SMD(95% CI)=-0.02(-0.30, 0.27), t=-0.12, P=0.902; SMD(95% CI)=-0.40(-0.80, 0.00), t=-1.97, P=0.051]. After 6 months of injection, the VAS scores of patients with combined injection of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid were significantly lower than those of patients with injection of platelet rich plasma only, and the difference was statistically significant [ SMD(95% CI)=-0.33 (-0.55, -0.11), t=-2.98, P=0.012]. ④The WOMAC scores of patients with combined injection of platelet rich plasma, hyaluronic acid and platelet rich plasma only were compared. After 12 months of treatment, the WOMAC scores of patients with combined injection of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid were significantly higher than those of patients with PRP only, and the difference was statistically significant [ SMD(95% CI)=-0.30(-0.58, -0.03), t=-2.14, P=0.033]. ⑤The incidence of adverse events of platelet rich plasma combined with hyaluronic acid was lower than that of platelet rich plasma only [ OR(95% CI)=0.55(0.33, 0.93), P=0.021]. Conclusion:Compared with intra-articular injection of platelet rich plasma only, the short-term clinical efficacy of combined injection of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid is equivalent to that of injection of platelet rich plasma only, but the long-term clinical efficacy is significantly better, and the safety of combined injection of platelet rich plasma and hyaluronic acid is significantly better.

This paper introduced the development of medical specialists alliance in Zhejiang University. With Jinhua Central Hospital as an example,merits and setbacks of the 3-level trusteeship model in practice were discussed,with improvement recommendations raised for progress of the hierarchical medical system.

Objective To investigate the regulatory mechanism of Paraquat (PQ)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the protective mechanism of N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) in PQ-induced A549 cells by EMT markers (E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin).Methods EMT model was established by 30 μmol/L PQ-exposed A549 cells for 4 d.The application of 10 mmol/L NAC was incubated with A549 cells for 2 h in advance.Morphological changes of A549 cells were observed under light microscope.Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of TGF-β1,E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin.Results In PQ-induced EMT model,the PQ group showed typical morphological changes,and the cells changed from cobblestone-like epithelial appearance to spindle-shaped mesenchymal-like appearance compared to the control group.Westem blotting showed that the protein levels of TGF-β1 and α-smooth muscle actin in the PQ group were significantly increased and the protein levels of E-cadherin were decreased in the PQ group (all P＜0.05).NAC preincubation can effectively reverse the above changes caused by PQ exposure:the protein levels of E-cadherin and α-smooth muscle actin were significantly increased and decreased,respectively and morphological changes showed more cobblestonelike epithelial appearance.Conclusion Cell experiments showed that PQ exposure can cause EMT in epithelial cells,and NAC has a protective effect in this process.Thus,it may provide new ideas and strategies for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis caused by PQ poisoning in clinical practice.

Objective:To assess the association between warm ischemia time (WIT) and renal function in patients undergoing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.Methods:A total of 344 patients treated with laparoscopic partial nephrectomy in Peking University People’s Hospital were included. There were 240 males (69.8%) and 104 females (30.2%) with a median age of 57 (23-89) years.The median BMI was 25.6 (16.7-36.0) kg/m 2.213 cases (61.9%) were associated with hypertension.There were 66 (19.2%) patients with diabetes mellitus. There were 92 cases (26.7%) with smoking history. The median preoperative creatinine was 73 (32-170) μmol/L. The median preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 95 (33-142) ml/(min·1.73m 2). The maximum diameter of the tumor was 2.5 (7-9) cm.314 (91.3%) patients with renal cancer stage T 1. All patients underwent warm ischemia during the operation. The patients were divided into three groups for analysis. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis was used to assess the association between WIT as a continuous variable and percentage change of eGFR. Analysis of covariance was used to compare postoperative eGFR among the three groups, and to adjust for preoperative eGFR and tumor diameter. Results:There were statistically significant differences in the percentage change of postoperative eGFR ( P=0.009) and tumor diameter ( P<0.001) among the three groups. Restricted cubic spline regression analysis showed that with the prolongation of WIT, the percentage change of postoperative eGFR gradually decreased, and the curve began to stabilize after 30 minutes (R 2=0.044, P=0.015). The results of covariance analysis showed that after adjusting for baseline preoperative eGFR and tumor size, the effect of WIT on postoperative eGFR was significantly different among the three groups ( F=3.864, P=0.022). The postoperative eGFR in the WIT<20 min group was significantly higher than that in 20 min≤WIT<30 min group( P=0.009) and WIT≥30 min group( P=0.017). There was no significant difference in postoperative eGFR between the two groups with longer WIT( P=0.806). Conclusions:In partial nephrectomy, patients with WIT less than 20 minutes had higher postoperative eGFR levels than those with WIT greater than 20 minutes. However, when WIT exceeded 20 minutes, prolonged ischemia time did not lead to further decline in renal function.

Objective:To investigate the correlation of intratumoral fibrosis with the prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).Methods:The correlation of the transcriptional expression of the primary collagen with the prognosis in ccRCC was evaluated using the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, including 530 ccRCC patients with complete information. Of them, 344 cases were male, 186 cases were female. The age of 264 cases was ≤ 60 years, and the age of 266 cases was > 60 years. The pathology grade of 241 patients was G 1-2 grade, and the pathology of 281 cases were G 3-4 grade, 8 cases were undetermined grade. There were 322 cases with AJCC stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ and 205 cases with AJCC stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, and 3 cases with undetermined stage. There were 420 cases in M 0 and 78 cases in M 1, and 32 cases without distant metastases information. Furthermore, the paraffin sections of 158 non-cystic ccRCC patients confirmed by pathology from November 2005 to November 2017 were further used to evaluate the level of collagen of ccRCC and the status of the pseudocapsule by the Masson staining, Sirius red staining and multicolor immunofluorescence staining of collagen Ⅰ and collagen Ⅲ. Of them, 112 cases were male, 46 cases were female. There were 100 cases with age ≤ 60 years, and 58 cases with age > 60 years. The pathology grade of 111 cases were G 1-2, and the pathology grade of 47 cases were G 3-4. There were 144 cases with AJCC stage Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 14 cases with AJCC stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Kaplan-Meier survival curve were used to analyze the relationship between tumor collagen parameters and the overall survival prognosis of patients with ccRCC. Results:The transcriptome results of the TCGA database indicated that the expression level of COL1A1 in ccRCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent normal tissues ( P<0.001). The high expression of collagen suggested a worse overall survival prognosis ( HR=1.165, P=0.002). In addition, the high ratio of COL1A1/COL3A1 indicated a worse overall survival prognosis ( HR=1.901, P<0.001) compared with the low ratio. We further confirmed that the abundance of collagen in tumor was significantly increased compared with the normal adjacent tissues by the Masson staining [41.0 (14.0-75.0) vs.15.0 (3.0-57.0), P<0.001] and the Sirius red staining [42.5 (10.0-90.0) vs.10.0 (2.5-60.0), P<0.001] on 30 ccRCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Based on the Masson staining, we found that high collagen abundance in tumor tissue was associated with more G 3-4 grade of tumor compared with low collagen abundance (38.5% vs.21.3%, OR=2.316, 95% CI 1.146-4.681, P=0.023). Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that higher collagen abundance was associated with a worse overall survival prognosis in ccRCC ( HR=2.630, P=0.007). However, incomplete fibrous pseudocapsule was associated with a worse overall survival prognosis ( HR=11.140, P<0.001). Conclusions:In ccRCC, intratumoral collagen fiber level was overexpressed. High intratumoral collagen level and incomplete fibrous pseudocapsule may indicate a poor overall survival prognosis.