Objective To discuss the effect of evaluation before surgery,the tolerance of surgery and risk after surgery.Methods The analysis was conducted through random selection of 80 cases of pa-tients admitted by the hospital and had cardiothoracic surgery on other day.Patients were divided into 3 groups,respectively pulmonary function test normality,damage mildly and moderately and damage severely. Patients were observed in rest state,after motion,after motion in 2 minutes,4 minutes and 6minutes for their blood gas analysis.Results ⑴ PaO2 ,PaCO2 and SaO2 of patients in the second group changed after motion,however,the discrepancy between the two groups was not significant statistically(P >0.05 ). PaO2 and SaO2 of patients in the second group changed a lot after motion,the discrepancy between the two groups was significant statistically(P <0.05).The discrepancy of PaCO2 between the two groups was not significant statistically(P >0.05).⑵ In rest state,SaO2 was no more than 90% and 100%(4 /4)of pa-tients had complication .After motion,SaO2 was no more than 90% or the descend range of it was no less than 4%.90.0%(9 /10)of patients had complication,92.8%(13 /14)in total.SaO2 was more than 90%in rest state and after motion or the descend range was less than 4%.10.6%(7 /66)of patients had compli-cation after surgery.the discrepancy between the two groups was significant statistically(P <0.01).Con-clusions Dynamic blood analysis of pulmonary function test can better forecast cardio-pulmonary function, risk of surgery and past -operative recovery of patients,the index with most value is SaO2 of arterial blood gases after motion(0 min).

The authors reviewed the research and development of tissue engineered meniscus from three points (cell seeds, scaffolds, cell factors) and point out current questions and investigative direction in the future.

Objective To separate and purify intrahepatic macrophages from Microtus fortis Mf and identify its phagocy?tosis. Methods The intrahepatic macrophages from Mf were separated and purified by perfusion collagenase digestion and density gradient centrifugation. The function of the cells was identified by FACS analysis and ink phagocytosis activity. Results The macrophage cells from the liver of Mf were obtained. These cells were bright and circular and grew adhering to the wall. The proportion of the living cells was 95%. The binding rate of these cells from Mf with anti?mouse CD14 antibody Clone Sa2?8 was about 50%of the rate of macrophage from C57BL/6 mice with this monoclonal antibody. The result of ink?phagocytosis ex?periment of macrophage cells from the liver of Mf was positive. Conclusion The method above mentioned is useful to separate and purify macrophage from the liver of Mf. The study builds the foundation for further research on macrophages of Mf against Schistosoma japonicum.

Objective MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the chemoradiotherapy efficacy of rectal cancer (RC).This study aimed to screen the chemoradiotherapy-associated microRNAs and their target genes of RC through bioinformatics approaches in order to promote the fundamental study of RC chemoradiotherapy.Methods The chemoradiotherapy-associated microRNAs were manually searched through the published papers via PubMed and its target genes were identified by comprehensively analyzing these public data of microRNA-mRNA and gene expression profiles.Both gene ontology (GO) and pathway analysis of the target genes were performed by DAVID and IPA programs,respectively.Results A total of 38 microRNAs were collected from PubMed,and 3 545 putative target genes were inferred from the integrated microRNA-mRNA associations,among them,131 were differentially expressed (DE) (P ＜ 0.05) in the selected gene expression profile (GSE35452).The GO and pathway enrichment analyses indicated that the DE genes were closely involved in the responses of chemoradiotherapy of RC.Conclusions These microRNAs and their regulated DE genes may contribute to the molecular mechanism of the differential efficacy of RC chemoradiotherapy,which may provide a theoretical reference for predicting the response of RC to chemoradiotherapy.

The improvement of quality management for medical equipment is an important part in overall quality management for modern hospital under the new circumstance of medical reform.The principles and approaches of evidence-based medicine were applied to quality management for medical equipment.In the view of generalized quality management,the core thoughts and basic framework of evidence-based quality management for medical equipment were put forward.The foundation of evidence-based management system was discussed including organization structure,PDCA quality management cycle,quality evidence procedure and overall quality-evaluating index system.

Objective To analyze the clinical and ultrasonographic features of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas and to assess the usefulness of transabdominal ultrasonography. Methods Twelve patients with IPMN underwent surgery, including 4 (33.3%)with adenoma and 8(66.7%) with adenocarcinoma. IPMN was classified into 3 categaries by the site of main duct,branch duct and combined type based on the ultrasonographic findings preoperatively. All the clinical presentations and the ultrasonographic imaging findings were analyzed and compared with the histologic diagnosis. Results Of malignant IPMNs,diabetes was presented in 5 cases,elevated CA19-9 was presented in 4 cases and steatorrhea was presented in 2 cases. But these was not presented in benigns. Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed all the cystic or cystic-solid lesions in this study. The mean diameter of the lesions with adenoma was (1.4 ± 0.8)cm (range,0.5 - 2.0 cm) and that with adenocarcinoma was (6.3 ± 6.0)cm (range, 2.0 - 20 cm). The mean diameters of the main duct for the cases with adenomas and adenocarcinomas were (1.0 ± 0.8) cm and ( 1.6 ± 1.0) cm, respectively. Among the adenomas, 3 cases were calssified as branch type and 2 were demonstrated with mural nodules and no colour signals was detected within them. Five of the malignancies were considered as main duct type and 3 were combined type. Seven cases were detected mural nodules and showed abundant colour flow signals within them. Conclusions Transabdominal ultrasonography revealed the pancreatic cystic lesions and dilated ducts of IPMN. Some characteristics should be considered for malignancy: clinical symptoms, tumor size and mural nodules with colour flow signals,which may be helpful for the diagnosis and management of IPMN.

In order to understand the students'knowledge mastery,assess teaching effects and improve the quality of teaching,this article analyzed the test papers of Neurology among the five-year program clinical medicine students of Grade 2006 in our College.The results indicated that the mean score of the exam was 87.29 with a standard deviation of 7.90.The distribution was negatively skewed.The degree of difficulty was 0.78 and the discrimination is 0.19.The reliability was 0.59.It demonstrated that the test papers had a good reliability,the design of the test papers was too easy and could not reasonablely discriminate the degree in evaluating the students'mastery of the course.Therefore,we shoud pay attention to appropriate difficulty and ensare quality in preparing test papers to scientifically evaluate teaching quality.

Objective To assess the absorbance rate of the fat after the operation of breast augmentation of the repeated injection of low volume, using ultrasonic imaging method. Methods Thirty three patients were injected with low volume of autologous fat (50-60 ml per time) to bilateral breasts for 1-5 times and breast sonographic examination was performed to evaluate the grafted fat tissues. The thickness of the retromammary fat layer before and after each injection was measured to calculate the absorbance index. Results The 264 points of breast were measured in this study. The fat was distributed in the retro-mammary fat layers at 224 points of the breast and in the pectoralis major muscle layer at 32 points of the breast, and the others distributed in the mammary gland layer.The average thickness of the retromammary fat layer increased gradually from 0.2 cm before the first operation to 1. 0 cm after the fifth operation. The average absorbance index one month after each operation was 34 %-66 %. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that breast augmentation by repeated autologous fat graft with low volume injection at each time is applicable and satisfactory and that breast ultrasound is an accurate and simple method to e-valuate the absorbance index.

Objective To compare the difference between volume computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and size-specific dose estimates (SSDE) in evaluating the radiation dose of abdominal CT scan.Methods Abdominal CT scan were performed on 180 patients with a Philips 256-slices spiral CT.The anterior-posterior dimension (AP) and lateral dimension (LAT) of each patients were measured at the level of left renal vein, and the effective diameter (ED) and SSDE were calculated with recorded CTDIvol Patients were categorized into 3 groups depending on body mass index (BMI): group A, BMI ＜ 20.0 kg/m2;group B, 20.0-24.9 kg/m2;group C, BMI ＞ 24.9 kg/m2.The differences between CTDIvoland SSDE of 180 patients and three different BMI groups were compared respectively.Results There was a significant difference between CTDIvol and SSDE of the 180 patients (t =-13.354, P ＜ 0.01), CTDIvol and SSDE were (9.91 ± 2.91) and (14.01 ± 2.82) mGy, respectively.For group A, CTDIvol and SSDE were (7.96 ± 1.83) and (12.83 ± 2.52) mGy, respectively (t =-8.417, P ＜ 0.01).Group B, CTDIvol and SSDE were (9.28 ± 1.76) and (13.62 ±2.18) mGy, respectively (t =-15.051, P ＜ 0.01).Group C, CTDIvol and SSDE were (12.19 ± 3.65) and (15.39 ± 3.47) mGy, respectively (t =-4.535, P ＜ 0.01).In addition, the mean percentage values of difference between CTDIvol and SSDE for the three groups were 62.83％, 47.80％, 28.40％, respectively, which meant CTDIvol underestimated the radiation dose compared to SSDE.With the BMI increasing, the values of difference between CTDIvol and SSDE decreased.Conclusions SSDE can be used to estimate the radiation dose of abdominal CT scan for a given size person.

Objective To discuss the safety and efficacy of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in treating patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who has a history of hepatic failure. Methods A total of 7 HCC patients who had a history of hepatic failure (study group) were enrolled in this study. TACE was carried out in all these 7 patients. Other 51 patients who had no liver failure history were used as the control group. All the patients were followed up for at least six months. The postoperative adverse events, changes of liver function and the prognosis were recorded, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results In the study group, neither treatment-related death nor severe adverse events occurred. No significant difference in the occurrence of mild adverse events existed between the two groups. After TACE the liver functions, including alanine aminotransferase, total bilirubin, prolonged prothrombin time, albumin, etc. in the study group were significantly worse than those in the control group,groups. Conclusion For patients with inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma who has a history of hepatic failure, TACE is a safe and effective treatment.