In clinical nursing practice, ethnics dilemmas which nurses facing with are not usually a simple question of right and wrong or yes and no, but two or more mutual conflicts under some special circumstances; In order to help nurses to understand and deal with ethnics dilemmas effectively and reasonably, the authors summarize the four different ethnics dilemmas: the different ethical principles selection dilemma, the different stakeholder selection dilemma, the different interpersonal ethnics dilemmas and the conflict of the nursing professional ethics and the role morality. Typical cases of common ethnic dilemmas were summarized and analyzed in this paper.

ObjectivesTo study the current status of child neglect and its inlfuencing factors in children aged 3-6 years in rural Henan.MethodsScales and evaluation methods in the Chinese rural child aged 3-6 years neglected eval-uation model were applied in this study. The neglect rate and the neglect degree were used to describe the neglect status of rural children aged 3-6 years in Henan. The inlfuencing factors for child neglect were also analyzed. ResultsThe total neglect rate in 450 enrolled children was 37.1% (167/450). The total neglect degree was 51.9±6.5. The boys had signiifcant-ly higher neglect rate than girls (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in neglect degree between boys and girls (P>0.05). There were significant differences in neglect rate and neglect degree among the different age groups (P<0.05), the higher neglect rate and higher neglect degree over age. The neglect rate and neglect degree in nuclear families and fam-ilies with three generations were lower than those in single-parent families and remarried families (P<0.05). The neglect rate and neglect degree in non-only children were higher than those in only children (P<0.05). The left-behind children had signiifcantly higher neglect rate and neglect degree than children living with parents (P<0.05). Based on multivariate logis-tic regression analysis, the risk factors of child neglect were single-parent families (OR = 4.78, 95%CI : 2.10-10.87) and remarried families (OR=4.53, 95%CI : 1.99-10.01). The protective factors of child neglect were parents working on sci-ence (OR = 0.20, 95%CI : 0.10-0.67) and living with parents (OR = 0.03, 95%CI : 0.00-0.54).ConclusionsThe neglect status is serious in Henan rural children, particularly in left-behind children.

Objective To construct Streptococcus mutans UA159 mutants with deletion of LuxS gene related to quorum-sensing pathway and evaluate the aciduricity of the mutants. Methods Using S. mutans UA159 as materials, the PCR fragments of the upstream and downstream regions of LuxS and erythromycin resistance(Eymr) gene of PJT10 were cloned into plasmid PUC19. The resulting constructs were integrated into the chromosome of S. mutans. LuxS gene deletion mutant was then constructed in S. mutans by means of allelic exchange and selected for resistance to erythromycin. The aciduric ability of the mutant under different pH was measured and S. mutans UA159 was used as control. Results The LuxS-deleted status of S. mutans mutants were confirmed by various PCR and DNA sequencing. The results showed that Eymr gene take the place of LuxS gene, while the mutant can not induce bioluminescenece. The LuxS mutant strain displayed a decreased growth ability with the decreasing pH values compared to those of the wild-type strain UA159. Conclusion A LuxS-negative mutants of S. mutans is constructed. The LuxS quorum sensing system is involved in the regulation of aciduricity of S. mutans UA159.

Objective To investigate the relationship of mental status,personality characterstics and TCM syndromes of spontaneous abortion(SA).Methods Symptom Checklist 90,Measure of Mental Health,Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and Diagnostic Questionnaire of TCM syndromes were adopted.Multifactorial analysis was fitted by non-conditional logistic regression model.Results In patients with SA,a positive correlation of somatization factors and kidney dificiency,spleen deficiency,blood heat and liver-qi stagnation.A positive correlation was also found between hostility factors and kidney deficiency,obsessive-compulsive factors and liver-qi stagnation.Patients with melancholic temperament tended to manifest as the syndromes of kidney deficiency,spleen deficiency and liver-qi stagnation,and choleric temperament tended to manifest as blood heat and liver-qi stagnation.Conclusion The syndromes of kidney deficiency,spleen deficiency,blood heat and liver-qi stagnation at least partially reflect the psychosomatic reaction or psychosomatic disorder induced by mental factors.TCM syndromes has a relationship with mental status and personality characteristics.The nature of their relationship needs to be studied further.

ObjectiveTo compare the therapeutic efficacy of acupuncture at Diji (SP8) versus acupuncture at Dijiand Guanyuan (CV4) in treating primary dysmenorrhea, for exploring the combination relation of the commonly-used acupoints in acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.MethodForty patients with primary dysmenorrhea were randomized into a single acupoint group and a double acupoint group, 20 in each group. The single acupoint group was intervened by acupuncture at Diji, while the double acupoint group was by acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan. The change of Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score was observed and compared between the two groups.ResultThe changes of VAS score in the double acupoint group were more significant than that in the single acupoint group at each different time point.ConclusionAcupuncture at Diji alone and acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan both can effectively treat primary dysmenorrhea; however, acupuncture at Diji and Guanyuan tends to produce a more significant effect than acupuncture at Diji alone; Diji and Guanyuan may work synergistically in acupuncture treatment for primary dysmenorrhea.

0.05).Conclusion Breath-hold MRCP utilizing the SSFSE technique with high-quality images can accurately assess the level of obstruction and the causes of the obstruction in patients with obstructive jaundice, without the risks of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP).This MRCP technique should be preferred a reliable and noninvasive imaging modality for the diagnosis of obstructive jaundice.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of combined red and blue light therapy with acne film coating in treatment of moderate and severe acne.Methods Totally 547 patients with moderate or severe acne were enrolled in the study from March 2012 to July 2014.Using open control,according to the cycle of time sequence will patients were divided into three groups:183 patients (study group) were received alternatively red and blue light therapy twice a week,and acre film coating was applied once a day;182 patients in control group 1 received film coating alone and another 182 patients (control group 2) received light therapy alone.The treatment lasted for 6 weeks in all three groups.The numbers of skin lesions were recorded before and 2,4,6 w after treatment,and the curative effect was evaluated 10 w after treatment.Results The number of skin lesion were significantly reduced 6w after treatment in all three groups,that for study group was most markedly.For patients with moderate acne,the total effective rates in study group and in control groups 1 and 2 were 84.6％ (110/130),58.5％ (76/130) and 51.9％ (67/129),respectively (x2 =21.836,and 31.955,P ＜0.01).For patients with severe acne the total effective rates in study group and in control groups 1 and 2 were 84.9％ (45/53),57.7％ (30/52) and 56.6％ (30/53),respectively (x2 =9.525 and 10.258,P ＜0.01).There are 20 cases in observation group therapy for different degree of erythema,itching,burning,tingling,incidence of side effects was 10.9％ (20/183),control group 1 and 2 were 7.1％ (14/182),12.1％ (22/182),are tolerated.Conclusion The combination of red/blue light therapy with acne film coating is more effective than the application of single method alone for patients with moderate or severe acne.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Shenxian shengmai oral liquid in the treatment of slow arrhythmia,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Cochrane library,EMbase,PubMed, CJFD,CBM and VIP database were retrieved to collect the randomized controlled trails(RCT)of Shenxian shengmai oral liquid(tri-al group)vs.other Chinese medicines(control group)in the treatment of slow arrhythmia. After quality evaluation,the Meta-analysis was performed using Rev Man 5.14 software. RESULTS:A total of 13 RCTs were included,involving 1 023 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the effective rate [RR=1.26,95%CI(1.18,1.35),P<0.001] and average heart rate [MD=5.80,95%CI (4.01,7.58),P<0.001] in test group were significantly higher than control group;there were no significant difference in the inci-dence of adverse reactions between test group and control group[OR=0.46,95%CI(0.17,1.22),P=0.12]. CONCLUSIONS:Shenx-ian shengmai oral liquid is effective with good safety in the treatment of slow arrhythmia. However,due to low quality of included studies,it remains to be further verified by high-quality and large-sample long-term RCT.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Calf spleen extract injection combined with chemo-therapy in the treatment of cancer,and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from Co-chrane Library,PubMed,Medline,EMBase,CJFD,Wanfang and VIP Database,randomized controlled trials(RCT)of the effica-cy and safety about Calf spleen extract injection combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer were collected. Meta-analy-sis was performed by using Rev Man 5.0 software after data extract and quality evaluation by Cochrane 5.0. RESULTS:Totally 23 RCT were enrolled,including 1 682 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed Calf spleen extract injection combined with chemo-therapy in the treatment of cancer can significantly improve the effective rate [OR=2.17,95%CI(1.68,2.81),P<0.001] and im-provement rate of life quality [OR=4.26,95%CI(2.47,7.32),P<0.001] and also reduce the degree rate of WBC and PLT,the inci-dence rate of nausea and emesis,the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:Calf spleen extraction injection combined with chemotherapy has good efficacy and safety in the treatment of cancer.

Objective To construct the gall-stone patients' nursing workload measurement project by Delphi method,so as to measure single disease workload scientifically and reasonably.Methods The gall-stone patients' nursing workload measurement project were designed on the basis of consulting literature and experts discussion,then two rounds of consultations were made with experts by using the Delphi method.Results The valid recovery rate of questionnaires of two rounds consultations were all 100％ (22/22).The expert authority coefficient was 0.886 1.Nursing workload measurement project,directly related to the gall bladder calculi 54 nursing projects,including technical 46,unskilled 7;indirectly related to the gall bladder calculi 36 nursing projects,including technical 17,unskilled 19.Conclusions The measurement project of gall-stone patient determined by Delphi method has high reliability,which is significant to the scientific measuring of nursing single disease workload.