BACKGROUND: Short-form-36 health survey(SF-36) has good reliability and validity, which is applicable to assess quality of life (QOL) in European and American population.OBJECTIVE: To study the reliability, validity and feasibility of SF-36 scale in the rural elder and evaluate their QOL.DESIGN: It is a cross-sectional study, all participants are sampled by two-phase random sampling.SETTING: Institute of Epidemiology and Hygienic Statistics, China Union Medical University and institute of epidemiology and hygienic statistics in a university.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 687 old people were randomly selected from six villages in Bao' an District of Shenzhen from May to July 2002. Inclusion criteria: All the people were residents and aged 60 years or above. Exclusion criteria: People with severe auditory or mental obstacles were excluded. Totally 666 questionnaires were valid, among them 264 were male and 402 were female.METHODS: All participants were interviewed face to face with SF-36 questionnaire by trained investigators. The feasibility, reliability and validity were the main measures of SF-36 scale.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Split-half reliability, internal consistency, criterion-related validity, discriminant validity and construct validity.RESULTS: SF-36 scale had a good internal consistency, and all Cronbach' α coefficients were equal or more than 0. 8 in 8 dimensions. The split-half reliability of every dimension was preferable and Pearson correlation coefficients were 0.7 or higher except mental health(MH) . Discriminant validity and criterion related validity were obtained and satisfied. Two factors were got by factor analysis, which could account for 63.14% of total variance. Every dimension held a moderate loading in its relevant factor except role-emotion (RE) dimension(≥0.4).CONCLUSION: SF-36 scale is applicable for QOL assessment in the rural elder after some item revisions. The vulnerable elder should be given more attention and care.

Objective To investigate the effeet of eyclosporine A (CsA) on CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in C57BL/6 mice and the underlying mechanism.Methods C57BL/6 mice, aging 8～ 10 weeks, were administered intraperitoneally with CsA at a dose of 20 mg· kg-1·d-1 for 2 weeks, while the control mice given sterile PBS.After 2 weeks, peripheral blood was collected, and splenoeytes and thymoeytes were prepared for the detection of CD4 + Foxp3 + T cells by using flow cytometry.Results The proportion of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells in peripheral blood, spleen and thymus of CsA-treated mice was (0.581 ± 0.089) %, (2.189 ± 0.046) % and (0.472 ± 0.049) %, while that in PBS-treated mice was (1.751 ± 0.227) %, (3.684 ± 0.169) % and (1.412 ± 0.188) %, respectively (P < 0.001).Conclusion The reduction of CD4 + Foxp3+ T cells in CsA-treated mice suggests that CsA can inhibit the development of regulatory T cells.

Objective To study the relationship between the cardiac markers in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and quality of life (QOL) six months later.Methods N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP),cardiac troponin I (cTnI),creatine kinase isoenzyme-MB (CK-MB)and myoglobin(Myo) was tested in 76 patients with STEMI on admission(0 h) and 24 h after admission.QOL six months later was evaluated by using the SF-36 health survey questionnaire.The relationship between the cardiac markers and QOL was analyzed by multivariate linear regression analysis.Results The total SF-36 scores and the scores of physical function,body pain and general health showed negative linear correlation with NT-proBNP on admission (0 h) and 24 h after admission (P ＜ 0.05).The total SF-36 scores and the scores of physical function and body pain showed negative linear correlation with cTnI on admission (0 h)and 24 h after admission (P ＜ 0.05).The total SF-36 scores and the scores of body pain showed negative linear correlation with CK-MB on 24 h after admission (P ＜ 0.05).The scores of vitality showed negative linear correlation with Myo on admission (0 h) (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The higher levels of NT-proBNP,cTnl and CK-MB indicate the lower QOL six months later.

AIM: To establish a HPLC for the determination of rubimaillin in Shenqiangujing Granules (Radix Codonopsis, Radix Rubiae, Radix Rehmanniae, Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, etc.) METHODS: HPLC column was C-18 (250 mm?4.6 mm, 5 ?m). The mobile phase was methanol-water-tetrahydrofuran (310∶90∶3). Flow rate was 1.0 mL?min -1 . The detection wavelength was at 249 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of rubinaillin was in the range of 0.056～0.29 ?g, r=0.9999. The average recovery was 99.36% (RSD=1.60%, n=5). CONCLUSION: The method is accurate with the good reproducibility, and can be used for the determination of rubimaillin in Shenqiangujing Granules.

The Economists Intelligence Unit pointed out that the global ranking of Chinese people's death quality index falls behind and once again causes people's attention and discussion of death and related legal issues.Palliative Care can make people go to death as far as possible with dignity,ready and calm.So it is gradually being concerned,and the importance of legislation related to it is also becoming increasing.Palliative Care has emerged in our country,but because of the lack of legislative regulation,relatives of patients and medical staff are at risk being accounted for legal liability.Through the analysis of the legitimacy and feasibility of palliative care,this paper put forward some suggestions of relevant legislation and current corresponding countermeasures;it should clarify the legal validity of living will signed by patients,strengthen the supervision in the implementation process and exempt responsibility of relevant personal.

Objective This paper is to study a new sutureless vascular bonding method. Methods New-Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to one experimental group and one control group. 10 end-to-end bonding on rabbit femoral arteries (1.2mm vessel) were performed using the experimental technique with histoacryl glue (OB) and a central channel soluble stent. In the control group, 10 rabbit femoral arteries (1.2mm vessel) were anastomosed with the standard suture method. The patency rates and anastomotic time were recorded. The late anastomoses were evaluated with arteriograph and stoma tissue pathological section. Results The anastomosis mean time of the experimental group is 7.91 minutes and the one of the control group is 12.90 minutes. The immediate patency rates of two groups are both 100% and the late patency rates are 80% and 90% respectively. There are no haemorrhage when the clamp released and no distortion and stricture caused by sutures. Conclusion The sutureless vascular bonding method has no needs for suture needle and line, and thus the possible injuries during suture are reduced. The stent makes the vessel free from stoma stricture and binder invasion. The stoma leakage is also avoided through the adhensive. The enhanced suture speed results from the short clotting time and the hollow structure of the stent. With all the above-mentioned excellences, the method proves simple and efficient.

Objective To evaluate the outcome of 23G minimally vitrectomy trocar on eyes with acute angle closure glaucoma.Methods A retrospective review was performed of patients with acute angle closure glaucoma who underwent combined compound trabeculectomy from September,2014 to June,2015 in Beijing MEM care system.Intraoperative 23G minimally vitrectomy trocar was used in all of the patients.30 eyes of 30 patients were enrolled in the study.All patients were followed up for 12 months.Visual acuity,intraocular pressure and complications were observed.Results No serious complications such as explosive choroid hemorrhage and retinal hemorrhage occurred during operation.All of 30 eyes maintained adequate pressure control.The average postoperative IOP was (15.93 ± 1.35) mmHg (1 kPa =7.5 mmHg),was less than the preoperative (56.34 ± 6.96) mmHg (P =0.00).And the visual acuity in 23 eyes were improved.Conclusion Combined trabeculectomy with 23G minimally vitrectomy trocar in acute angle closure glaucoma patients is a kind of safe and effective operation method,can obviously reduce the intraoperative explosive choroid hemorrhage.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of gastric bypass operation on treating type 2diabetes,and analyze the management status.Methods Fifty-seven patients wiith type 2 diabetes treated by gastric bypass operation were divided by different body mass index(BMI) into 4 groups:group A( BMI ＜ 20kg/m2) with 8 cases,group B (20 kg/m2≤BMI ＜24 kg/m2) with 21 cases,group C (24 kg/m2≤BMI ＜27kg/m2) with 17 cases and group D (BMI ≥27 kg/m2) with 11 cases.The control of blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin,changes of diets and body weight,diabetes complications,adverse reactions after operation and postoperative management were followed up or reviewed.The clinical data were analyzed comprehensively.Results The cure rate of group C was the highest [ 70.6％( 12/17 ) ],while the cure rate of group A was the lowest (0).The overall cure rate was 43.9％(25/57) and the overall improvement rate was 28.1％(16/57).The overall efficient rate was 71.9％(41/57) and the overall inefficient rate was 28.1％(16/57).Apart from a few patients had malnutrition,amenorrhea,bad stomach,diarrhea and poor diet after leaving the hospital,other patients had no surgery complications and no patients died.There was no clinician to follow up and did education to these patients after operation.Conchusions Gastric bypass operation is safe and effective for obese and non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes.It is a new method to weat type 2diabetes at present,but the indications should be grasped and operation enlargement must he prevented.The management of teams of physicians,surgeons,dietitians,nurses should be established afler operation.

Toinvestigate the implementation mode and effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in experimental teaching of physiology,PBL was applied in experimental teaching of circulatory physiology. Comparison of test scores and Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) were used to evaluate teaching quality and teaching environment respectively. The results showed that both test and DREEM scores were higher in PBL group than in control group (P

Objective To explore effects of parents exposure to TBT on blood routine of F1 generation mice. Methods 80 mice including 40 males and 40 females, were randomly divided into control groups (CK) , low dose groups (LTBT), middle dose groups (MTBT) and high dose groups (HTBT).They were given dose of TBT (0,0.2,2, 20μg/kg) every day.The experiment lasted 45 days.At 60 days, one female and one male of the same concentration were bred in the same cage according to 1∶1.At postnatal day 60, blood was collected for the determination of blood routine. Results Compared with control group, the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin of F1 generation male mice in LTBT and HTBT groups were significantly increased (P <0.01); Red blood cell volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (P <0.01), and the lymphocyte absolute value in F1 generation male LTBT were significantly reduced (P <0.05); HTBT of female mice were significantly increased about the number of red blood cells (P <0.01).A dose-dependent increase of the hemoglobin, red blood cells, and platelet count of F1 generation female experimental groups was observed.Conclusion Parental TBT exposure affects the F1 mice blood routine.There is the greatest influence on LTBT in F1 generation male mice and on HTBT in F1 generation female mice.