Based on our clinic experience in the diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis,this article discussed some basic problems of the chinese guide of acute pancreatitis management,such as the definition of acute pancreatitis,classification of acute pancreatitis,diagnosis and treatment of acute pancreatitis.

BACKGROUND:Celastrol is one of the active components extracted from the traditional Chinese medicine Celastrus orbiculatus characterized by expel ing the wind and promoting blood circulation and relieving swel ing and pain.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of celastrol on tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) induced proliferation and inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 cel s.
METHODS:In vitro inflammatory cel models induced by TNF-α(0, 1, 10, 100μg/L) were treated with celastrol (0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0μmol/L). Interleukin-1β,-6,-8 and prostaglandin E2 in the models were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cel survival was determined by cel counting kit-8. The inflammatory mediator nitric oxide secretion was detected by nitrate reductase assay. mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction technique.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Significantly increased secretion of interleukin-1β,-6,-8, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, cel proliferation, and mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 were observed after the induction of TNF-α(0.1, 10, 100μg/L) compared with the control group (without the induction of TNF-α) (P<0.05);especial y, 10μg/L of TNF-αexhibited the strongest effects. 0.4μmol/L celastrol significantly suppressed TNF-α-induced release of interleukin-1β,-6,-8, prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, cel proliferation, and mRNA expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 in RAW264.7 cel s (P<0. 05). Our results demonstrate that celastrol can inhibit TNF-α-induced inflammatory response and proliferation in RAW264.7 cel s.

Objective To investigate serum T_3? T_4? TSH alterations after hemithyroidectomy in patients suffering from thyroid benign nodules.Methods Forty-eight patients were divided into two groups by age of 45.All patients were treated with hemithyroidectomy and without substitutional therapy after operation.The levels of serum TT_3? TT_4? FT_3? FT_4? TSH were assessed on day 5, first month, 3rd month, 6th month and one year after operation and compared with pre-operative levels.Results The change of serum T_3? T_4 was not significant; while the levels of serum FT_3? FT_4 in patients over 45 years decreased on day 5 post-op and on the first month ( F=7.853, F=4.247, P

Objective To summarize the experience and the insufficiency of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital on patent management,and find out the problemsand countermeasures for the management.Methods The authorized patents during 2003-2014 of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital were analyzed statistically,and the date was overall analyzed combined withthe number,type,content,maintenance and transfer of patent and inventors' educational background,title and subject;and results are further analyzed;Results Patent grant increased significantly more than the invention patent in recent years.In terms of patent types,most patents are utility model patents,and conversion rate of patent outcome is very low.Conclusions Suggestions are proposed to improve hospital patent management:strengthening the guidance of the management of patent policy;promoting patent work;enhancing the professional quality of patent managers;optimizing the patent management processe andstrengthening the patent examination and data analysis;strengthening strategic cooperation among intellectual property management department,patent agency and biological pharmaceutical enterprises.

AIM　To analyze tanshinone IIA in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) coupled with capillary gas chromatography (CGC). METHODS　The solution pressure was predicted by solubility parameter theory, the extraction conditions were confirmed by orthogonal design in which temperature, volume of modifier and dynamic extracting volume had been studied in three levels. RESULTS This method is quick, convenient, precise and accurate, added sample recovery is 95.3%, RSD=4.27%. CONCLUSION　Compared with the method of ultrasonic extraction, significantly better qualitative and quantitative result could be obtained by SFE-CGC and expend less organic solvent then make less pollution.

Quality of care is key to medical safety which has a close bearing on patients’life and health,and on the branding and efficiency of the hospital.Medical safety is one of the key indicators of the overall performance appraisal of the hospital.This novel type of nurse-physician collaboration,abandoning the traditional model of health care,is a new integrated model of health care which improves the overall quality of care,enhances medical safety and patient satisfaction.This paper described in detail the implementation methods and steps of the collaboration,the progress of such a collaboration and its contribution to medical safety are also discussed.

Object To establish a new method for the identification of Yangti (Chinese herb from Rumex L., Polygonaceae) by near infrared diffuse reflectance spectrometry. Methods Cluster analysis and discriminative analysis were adopted for their identification. Results The method can identify crude Yangti to a certain degree with results coincident with that of the traditional phytotoxnomy. Conclusion This method can be used for the rapid and accurate differentiation of crude drug of Rumex L..

Objective The aim of this study was to explore the inhibitory effect of alcohol extracts of Narcissus bulb on melanogenesis in zebrafish embryos.Methods Zebrafish embryos were exposed to different concentrations of alcohol extracts of Narcissus (0, 50, 100, 200, and 500 μg/mL), and then the formation of melanin was observed.Furthermore, we measured the enzyme activity of tyrosinase (TYR), which plays a pivotal role in melanogenesis.Meanwhile, the spatial and temporal pattern of melanin-specific marker genes were detected.Arbutin (Ar) was used as a positive control in all these experiments.Results The treatment of alcohol extracts of Narcissus bulb inhibited melanogenesis in the zebrafish embryos in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore, the mRNA expression levels of melanin-related genes such as tyrosinase (TYR), silver (SILV) and Mitfa were significantly reduced after treatment with different concentrations of Narcissus extracts by in-situ and semi-quantitative PCR.Finally, the enzyme activity of tyrosinase was also gradually decreased with increasing concentrations of the alcohol extracts.Conclusions Narcissus alcohol extracts can effectively inhibit the production of melanin in zebrafish embryos.This study provides potential evidence and approaches for the screening of natural whitening compounds using zebrafish models.

Objective：To establish a capillary gas chromatography(CGC) method for identifying the origin fungi of traditional Chinese medicine Hongqu. Methods：The volatile components of 7 species of Monascus including M. purpureus Went, M.aurantiacus Lee, M. serorubesceus　Sato, M. albidus Sato, M. barkeri Dangerd, M. ruber van　Tieghem, and　M.fuliginosus　Sato were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography method. Inlet temperature and detector temperature were 280℃，temperature program were 130℃,5 min→10℃/min→200℃, 10 min FID was used for detection. Results：The variety and contents of the volatility components in Monascus had obvious differences which can be distinguished easily by the main fingerprint peaks within 20 min. Conclusion：This method is useful to identify of Monascus fungi.

Objective To study the relationship between programmed death-1 (PD-1)/programmed death-1 ligand (PD-L1) expressions and serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA levels in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods A total of 137 CHB patients and 10 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from fresh blood samples. HBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) was expanded in vitro in 64 human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-A2 positive patients. Flow cytometry was used to detect HLA-A2 type,expressions of PD-1/PD-L1 on PBMCs and PD-1 on HBV specific CTL. Interferon gamma (IFN-γ)was measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. PD-1/PD-L1expressions on PBMCs, HBV-specific CTL and IFN-γ level in PBMC culture medium were compared among patients with different baseline HBV DNA levels. Ten hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive patients were treated with telbivudine for 24 weeks. The above mentioned parameters were determined and compared before and after the antiviral treatment. Independent-samples t test were used to compare means between two groups and one-way A NOVA were used to compare means among multigroups. We used the pearson corretation test to assess corretation significance. Results The PD-1 and PD-L1 expressions on PBMCs in patients with baseline HBV DNA＜3 lg copy/mL, 3-6 lg copy/mL and ＞6 lg copy/mL were all significant higher than those in healthy control group, but no statistical differences were found. PD-1 expressions on HBV-specific CTL in the three CHB patient groups were (69.3±11.2)%, (76.5±9. 1)% and (78.0±11.7)%, respectively. However, PD-1 expression on HBV-specific CTL was higher, while the frequency of HBV-specific CTL cells was lower in HBV DNA ＞6 lg copy/mL group compared to HBV DNA＜3 lg copy/mL group. The above parameters, including expressions of PD-1 and PD-L1, the frequency of HBV-specific CTL and its PD-1 expression were not significantly different between HBeAg-positive group and HBeAg-negative group. Compared with baseline, PD-1 and PD-L1 expression decreased obviously accompanying with increase of HBV-specific CTL cells frequency and IFN-γ level after 12 weeks and 24 weeks of telbivudine treatment. Conclusions PD-1 expression on HBV-specific CTL correlates with serum HBV DNA level, but not HBeAg status in CHB patients. Suppression of HBV replication can reduce PD-1/PD-L1 expressions and partially restore HBV specific CTL function.