A 34-year-old male with chest pain and shock was admitted as an emergency case to our unit. Ruptured acute aortic dissection with annuloaorticectasia was suspected and emergency operation was performed. Acute aortic dissection was localized at the aortic root. The right coronary orifice was involved with the dissection, and an intimal tear was found just above it. Aortic root replacement with composite graft was performed as follows. The aortic wall around the coronary orifice was incised in a circular manner like a button and the dissection of the aorta around the coronary orifice was repaired. Dacron tubes with xenopericardial skirts were interposed between the coronary orifices and the composite graft. Wrapping of the composite graft was completed using the aortic wall and xenopericardium. The postoperative course was uneventful with only slight bleeding. Our procedure is useful for acute aortic dissection around the coronary orifice.

A 44-year-old male, with past history of mitral valve re-replacement, tricuspid annuloplasty and re-replacement of aorto-biiliac prosthetic graft 4 years previously, was admitted to Asahi General Hospital because of massive melena, sepsis and shock. Angiography revealed a false aneurysm at the site of the anastomosis between the graft and the right external iliac artery. He was diagnosed as having graft-enteric fistula, and the emergency operation, including partial resection of the graft, excision of the false aneurysm and extraanatomic bypass, was performed successfully. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of graft-enteric fistula are discussed.

A case of xenograft valve dysfunction presenting with musical cooing murmur is reported. The patient was a 47-year-old woman and had received mitral valve replacement with porcine xenograft (Carpentier-Edwards 31-M) 10 years before Preoperative echocardiogram showed vibration of a leaflet outside the stent of the bioprosthetic valve. Cardiac catheterization revealed stenosis as well as regurgitation of the bioprosthetic valve. The resected xenograft valve showed a tear which produced regurgitation and musical cooing murmur in one of three pliable leaflets and it also showed pannus formation which caused stenosis.

A case of a 51-year old male with pulmonary valve endocarditis accompanied by aortic regurgitation, and ruptured aneurysm of Valsalva sinus was reported. Repeated blood cultures grew α-streptococcus on a single occasion. After medical treatment, resection of pulmonary valve vegetation, resection and patch closure of aneurysm, and aortic valve replacement were performed successfully. Twenty one cases of pulmonary valve endocarditis reported in Japan, including our case, were collected and reviewed. Causative organism was streptococcus in 93% of cases. No case of intravenous drug abuse was found in this series. A variety of preexisting heart diseses were found in 20 cases out of 21 (95%). All these diseases were congenital ones, such as ven-tricular septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, pulmonary stenosis and ruptured aneurysm of Valsalva sinus. This fact means that jet lesion of pulmonary valve is a major predisposing factor of pulmonary valve endocarditis. Surgical procedures were reported in 12 cases: resection of vegetation in 4 cases, resection of pulmonary valve in 2, and pulmonary valve replacement in 5. Appropriate surgical procedures should be chosen, depending upon the activity of infective endocarditis, severity of destruction of the valve, and pulmonary vascular resistance.

Various types of surgical techniques have been reported for the closure of complicated PDA, since Morrow first described an innovatory operative method. At our institute, extracorporeal circulation has been frequently used as a support measure for these operations to ensure the safety of the operation. Ten patients with complicated PDA were operated under extracorporeal circulation. All patients but one were adults. The reason for use of extracorporeal circulation included age, presence of atherosclerosis or calcification of the ductus, short neck ductus, ductal aneurysms, right sided descending aorta and recanalization after previous ligation. The ductus was approached through the left lateral thoracotomy in 8 patients and median sternotomy in 2. The Morrow procedure was performed in 2 patients. No hospital death occurred, although the mean duration of the hospital stay after the operation was longer in these cases than in cases with simple PDA. We conclude that the use of extracorporeal circulation is safe and effective for the closure of complicated PDA.

We treated a patient with recurrent isolated tricuspid regurgitation (TR) by repeated tricuspid valvoplasty (TVP) and tricuspid annuloplasty (TAP). The patient was a 56-year-old man who had undergone TVP eight years previously. Although the tricuspid annular dilatation was not seen in the first operation, the annular dilatation with elongation of chordae was apparent at this time. The chordal plasty with ePTFE threads and TAP with Carpentier-Edward's ring were carried out successfully. Since the annular dilatation may aggravate TR in the natural course of this disease, the combination of TVP and TAP is more effective than TVP alone.