A novel layered target is designed to evaluating the axial resolution of very -high -frequency B -type ultrasonoscope. Compared with the conventional target made of tungsten wire, the target proves to be accurate, reliable and easy to make and to use, and thus it is a potential gauge or a test tool.

Obese gene was cloned and its protein product which named leptin was found to be expressed specially in fat tissues in 1994. As a metabolic signal of reproductive system, leptin reflects the situations of nutrition and energy, which the body supplys to the brain, and stimulates reproductive endocrinology system, then regulates the functions of reproduction through hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. The present status of leptin in this field was reviewed.

The dietary property of the oil of seed of Yen-how (Suaeda Salsa Pall.), a coastal wild plant, was studied with the pair-feeding method. In compare with the peanut oil, the growth effect and the digestibility of the Yen-how oil were determined. It is found that the growth-promoting effect and the digestibility of Yen-how oil are comparable with that of the peanut oil. The average increase in body weight of the young rats for each gram of Yen-how oil consumed is 1.38?0.26g, while that of peanut oil is 1.33 ?0.25g. The digestibility of Yen-how oil is 98.3 ?0.9% and that of the peanut oil is 96.0 ?1.3%. The authors concluded that the Yen-how oil is justified for edible purpose of human subjects.

Obese gene was cloned and its protein product which named leptin was found to be expressed specially in fat tissues in 1994. As a metabolic signal of reproductive system, leptin reflects the situations of nutrition and energy, which the body supplys to the brain, and stimulates reproductive endocrinology system, then regulates the functions of reproduction through hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.The present status of eptin in this field was reviewed.

In present study, animal model of cardiac hypertrophy induced by abdominal aortic stenosis was utilized, and the lysosomes were investigated by electron microscopy and ultrastructural cytochemistry. The results showed that while cardiac hypertrophy developed, lysosomes participate in apparent remolding of cardiac muscle cells; in the late stage of cardiac hypertrophy, a great deal of autophagocytoses were viewed in some muscle cells which may result in irreversible cell damage.

AIM: To study the chemical components in Compound Kushen Injection(Radix Sophorae Flavescentis),and to develop a method to identify the composition contained Radix Sophorae Flavescentis. METHODS: The sample was analysed with gradient elution by HPLC.Agilent MS TRAP equipped with ESI source was used as detector and operated in positive ion mode. RESULTS: 11 components were identified in Compound Kushen Injection. CONCLUSION: This method is simple,rapid and can be used for the analysis of components in Compound Kusen Injection.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of β-adrenergic receptor(β2AR) stimulation on vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis in physiological state and receptor overexpression model.Methodsβ2AR overexpression model was established by transgenic techniques. Hoechst 33342 staining as well as flow cytometer(FCM) detected were chosen to measure the incidence of vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis.ResultsVascular smooth muscle cell exhibited significantly fewer viable cell rate when stimulated with β2AR agonist isoproteronol for 48 hours compared with control (P<0.01),while no difference at the time point of 24 hours. Much fewer viable rate detected by FCM and high apoptotic rate by Hoechst staining were observed when VSMCs overexpressing β2AR were stimulated with isoproteronol for 24 hours (P<0.01).ConclusionStimulation of physiological and overexpressing β2AR could induce apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cell.

Objective To investigate the sonographic features of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FV-PTC) and to decrease misdiagnosis rate. Methods Thirty-one patients with 35 FV-PTCs and 66 patients with 75 conventional PTCs (C-PTCs) were enrolled in this study. The sonographic features were reviewed retrospectively between the two groups with universally accepted standards. Results The sonographic features of 35 FV-PTCs included irregular shapes (6/35), anteroposterior to transverse diameter ratio A/T > 1 (7/35), spiculated margins (25/35), marked hypoechogenicity (0/35), hypoechogenicity (18/35), isoechogenicity (16/35), no calcification (15/35), microcalcifications (11/35), macrocalcification (9/35), color Doppler lfow patternⅠ(20/35), color Doppler lfow patternⅡ(10/35), color Doppler lfow patternⅢ(5/35). Irregular shapes, A/T>1, spiculated margins, marked hypoechogenicity, microcalciifcations, and color type Ⅱ were rarer in FV-PTCs than in C-PTCs, while isoechogenicity, no calciifcation, macrocalciifcation, and color type Ⅲwere more frequent in FV-PTCs than in C-PTCs. The differences of the above features were statistically significant [χ2=4.276, P=0.039; χ2=8.125, P=0.004; P=0.009 (Fisher′ s exact test); χ2=8.548, P=0.003;χ2=4.898, P=0.027,χ2=7.796, P=0.005;χ2=5.462, P=0.019;P=0.001 (Fisher′s exact test)] . During the preoperative ultrasonography, 20 of 35 FV-PTCs were diagnosed as malignancy, and others were misdiagnosed as benign nodules (misdiagnosis rate was 43%). The lymphatic metastasis rate of FV-PTCs was 29%(9/31), significantly lower than C-PTCs [62%(41/66),χ2=9.246, P=0.002]. In terms of the sonographic features of metastatic lymph nodes, there was no marked difference between FV-PTCs and C-PTCs. Conclusions Some FV-PTCs are lack of malignant features, and tend to be misdiagnosed frequently when coexisting with benign thyroid nodules. Observing the echogenicity, color lfow characteristics and other features of each thyroid nodule and cervical lymph node with multiple views may decrease the misdiagnosis rate.

Objective:To investigate the effects and mechanism of β-carotene on inflammatory factors (IL-1 β,IL-6,TNF-α) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.Methods:Firstly,RAW264.7 cells of being induced by 4 (5 μg/ml)for 24 h were treated with different concentration of β-carotene (20,40,80,160 pmol/L)for 3 h.The cells viability was measured by MTIT,the mRNA relative expression of IL-1 β,IL-6,TNF-cα was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR,the secretion capacity of IL-1 β,IL-6,TNF-α was detected by ELISA and the protein relative expression of NF-κB p65 protein was measured by Western blot.Secondly,RAW264.7 cells were induced by LPS(5 μg/ml) and different concentration of PDTC(1,5,10 μg/ml)for 24 h,NF-κB p65 protein was measured by Western blot and inflammatory factors were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR and ELISA.Finally,compared the changes in the relative expression of inflammatory factors and NF-κB p65 protein between LPS+PDTC group and LPS+PDTC + β-carotene group.Results:Compared with the LPS-induced group,β-carotene could increase the cell viability of LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells and inhibied the relative expression of inflammatory factors and NF-κB p65 protein.Inhibited the relative expression of NF-κB p65 protein could reduce the relative expression of inflammatory factors.Compared with the LPS+PDTC group,LPS +PDTC + β-carotene group could inhibit the relative expression of inflammatory factors significantly (P＜0.05).But,there was little difference about the relative expression of NF-κB p65 protein between this two groups.Conclusion:β-carotene inhibits the relative expression of inflammatory factors(IL-1 β,IL-6,TNF-α) in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells through inhibition of NF-κB p65 protein in NF-κB pathway,this pathway isn't unique.

Objective To find a rapid and simple method for quantifying the amount of eluted proteins in chromatography. Methods The method was developed by utilizing the principle of the absorbance of protein at 280 nm and the integral function of the software UNICORN for AKTA FPLC, namely, the protein quantity was evaluated based on its A_ 280 and peak area. Results The relation between peak area and quantity of the protein was linear correlation. The protein quantity could be expressed as X=Y/A. The Y represented the peak area (mAU?ml) of the interested fraction, and A represented the measurable value (mAU) of 1 g/L interested protein through the FPLC 280 nm cell and X was the quantity of the interested protein (mg). The method was used in the purification of recombinant human zona pellucida-3 protein (rhZP3)and the quantity of the purified rhZP3 evaluated from the formula was confirmed by Lowry method. Conclusion The method is easy, rapid, repeatable and practicable to quantify the protein in chromatography.