This paper introduced the position setup and initial recruitment initiated in publicfunded institutions in Beijing, i.e. Beijing Stomatological Hospital. It stated that position setup should fit actual needs and recruitment standards should comply with long-term development strategy. In addition, the paper highlighted such principles as transparency and all-staff involvement, along with the supervising function of departments and experts of the hospital. Thus, position setup and initial recruitment can be smoothly accomplished, forming a long-standing incentive for medical staff.

Objective To study how to design the treatment plan to reduce the influence of respiratory movement and the dose of heart and lung as few as possible,to improve the dosage distribution in the target area after radical mastectomy of breast cancer.Methods Twelve patients with breast cancer after radical mastectomy were selected.A dose of 50 Gy with 2 Gy every day and 5 times per week was prescribed.Based on the treatment planning system (TPS),4-field intensity modulated radiotherapy (4FIMRT) and hybrid intensity modulated treatment planning 2-field conformal radiotherapy (2FCRT) + 4FIMRT were designed respectively.The two plans were compared from the aspects of target conformity index (CI),the homogeneity index (HI) and exposure dose volume delivered to organ at risk.Results According to the hybrid plan of 2FCRT + 4FIMRT,HI was 1.08±0.01,which was superior to that from 4FIMRT (1.11±0.01,t =9.587,P ＜ 0.05).While CI was 0.74±0.08,based on the plan of 2FCRT+4FIMRT,which was slightly lower than that from 4FIMRT (0.80±0.03,t =2.497,P ＜ 0.05).Considering the dose volumes on ipsilateral lung in two plans,the values of V5,V10,Dmean of 2FCRT+4FIMRT plan were significantly less than those of 4FIMRT plan.V5,V10,Dmean from the former plan were 13 ％,23 ％,7 ％ less than those from the latter plan (t =6.002,P ＜ 0.05;t =6.826,P ＜ 0.05;t =3.645,P ＜ 0.05).Meanwhile,Dmean of contralateral lung,Dmean of heart,Dmean and V5 of contralateral breast from the 2FCRT +4FIMRT plan were all lower than those of 4FIMRT plan.Those differences between two plans were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Differences of V20 and V30 of ipsilateral lung,and V30 of heart between two plans did not make sense by the statistics analysis (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Hybrid radiotherapy theoretically reduces the influence of respiratory movement,improves the uniformity of target dose and lowers the risk of complications of radiation therapy on breast cancer.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of increasing the perfraction dose in treatment of neoplasms by 3DCRT (three- dimention confornial radiation therapy). Methods From May 1998 to June 2002, the radiation therapy plans of 300 out- cranial neoplasms patients were analysed retrospectively, including 143 patients with chest neoplasms and 157 patients with abdomen neoplasms. The PTV was 7.0 ~ 1 478 cm3, major PTV was encircled by 90 % isodose curve, minor 95 % PTV were encircled by 80 % isodose curve. Prescription dose was 90 % reference point dose, perfraction dose was 5 ~ 10 Gy, a majority of dose was 6 ~ 8 Gy, period of treatment was 5 ~ 15 days with an interval of 0 ~ 1 day. The general dose was given to radical cure dose or appeasement dose. The biological effect increased 10 % ~ 30 %. Results All treatment plans were accomplished and there were not complication which reduced patients' QOL. Conclusions 1.Owing to the f factor, increasing dose of perfraction, shortening general period of treatment and improving radiative biological effect were possible during the 3DCRT. 2. It was suggested that the larger out- cranial neoplasms should be treated by 3DCRT firstly, but precise plan, precise design and precise treatment can not intensely be pursued because of the limit of knowledge. 3. During the 3DCRT for out- cranial neoplasms, 2 ~ 3 times routine radiation therapy dose was secure, credible and effective according to different purpose.

Objective To investigate the effect of β-asarone on hippocampal neurons of experimental depression rats. Methods Eighty male adult SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups, namely normal group, model group, fluoxetine(1.2 mg/kg) group and β-asarone (25 mg/kg) group. Depression rat model was established. The medication groups were given corresponding agents respectively. After treatment for 21 days, the number of apoptotic cells and the histological features in the hippocampus of rats were detected by flow cytometry and TUNEL, respectively. Results Compared with the normal group, typical apoptotic cells were found, apoptotic cell count and apoptotic rate were increased in the hippocampal CA3 and DG area of the model group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, apoptotic cell count and apoptotic rate were decreased in the hippocampal area ofβ-asarone group and fluoxetine group (P<0.01). Conclusion The protective mechanism of β-asarone for the hippocampal cells of depression rats is probably associated with the reduction of the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons.

In this study, a new model of "Internet + PACD (namely, theoretical presentation, assimilatin, clinicopathological diagnosis and discussion)" was put forward in the online and offline course construction of surgical diagnostic pathology. and the teaching effect of this teaching model was evaluated through the performance evaluation and questionnaire survey. The results showed that the teaching model of "Internet + PACD" could not only significantly improve the performance of professional courses of students majoring in pathology, but also enhance their learning interest, confidence, competition and cooperation consciousness, which has been affirmed and recognized by students.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of fatty liver complicating gallbladder diseases among the people undergoing healthy physical examination and to investigate its onset risk factors.Methods A total of 7 364 subjects undergoing abdominal color Doppler ultrasonography in the physical examination center of this hospital from June 2011 to June 2015 were selected as the study subjects and divided into 4 groups according to the examination results,fatty liver complicating gallbladder disease group,simple fatty liver group,simple gallbladder diseases group and non-fatty liver and non-gallbladder disease group.The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influence of related factors on the patients with fatty liver complicating gallbladder diseases.Results The prevalence rate of gallbladder diseases in the patients with fatty liver ia significantly higher than that in the patients without fatty liver(P＜0.05).The multivariate Logistic regression model statistical analysis results showed that often skip breakfast,greasy food,eating more meat,eating much sweet food,dirking more tea,gender(female),age and LDL-C were the independent risk factors for fatty liver complicating gallbladder diseases(P＜0.05).Conclusion The unhealthy living habits were the independent risk factors for fatty liver complicating gallbladder diseases.

Objective To investigate the relationship between spina bifida occulta in lumbasacral portion and functional defe-cation abnormality among middle-aged and elderly people.Methods The cross-sectional and cluster random sampling survey meth-od was adopted to select the residents aged 45-90 years old in 7 communities of Zhengzhou City as the respondents.All respond-ents underwent the physical examination and lumbosacral digital radiography(DR)examination in the physical examination center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,and filled the related questionnaire about defecation abnormality.The rela-tionship between SBO and functional defecation abnormality among middle-aged and elderly people was studied by diagnosing and analyzing the functional constipation(FC)and functional incontinence(FC).Results The effective sample amounts were 1 057 ca-ses,including 497 males and 560 females,167 cases of SBO(86 males and 81 females).The morbidity rate of functional defecation abnormality was 26.02%(275/1 057),23.34%(116/497)in males and 28.39%(159/560)in females.Among 275 cases of functional defecation abnormality,there were 72 cases of complicating SBO.The Logistic regression analysis results showed that age,SOB,physical activity status,diet and living habits,education level and psychological factors were the risk factors for functional defecation abnormality (P<0.05),while there was no relationship between between past-history of stroke and functional defecation abnormality(P>0.05).Con-clusion SBO may be one of risk factors for functional defecation abnormality among middle-aged and elderly people.

The construction of Internet plus and big data pathology medical alliance platform is based on the Clinical Pathological Diagnosis Center of Qiqihar Medical University, on the basis of the digital pathological cloud platform provided by Jiangfeng biological assistance, relying on the medical development plan of Qi Medical Pathology diagnosis Center, cultivating the development concept of high, fine and sharp innovative pathological talents, and absorbing the leading figures of pathological diagnosis in various departments in China. From that, the real-time supervision and control of the diagnostic quality of Primary Pathological Diagnostic Unit can be established, the real-time, timely and accurate all-round training of Basic Pathological Diagnostic Technicians can be realized, and the level of basic pathological diagnosis can be quickly improved. A new training mode for pathology talents can perfectly fit with the big data medicine and artificial intelligence.

Objective To analyze the level of self-management and its influencing factors among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods A total of 129 patients with NAFLD were recruited using convenience sampling method as study participants. A questionnaire survey was conducted among these patients using general information questionnaire, self-management scale, and health behavior competence scale. Multivariate linear regression analysis was employed to identify the factors influencing the level of self-management among NAFLD patients. Results The overall score of the self-management scale among NAFLD patients was (77.60±21.68). A positive correlation was observed between various dimensions of health behavior score and self-management score (P < 0.05). Monthly income, exercise frequency, dietary habits and mental health status were identified as significant influencing factors of self-management level among NAFLD patients (P < 0.05). Conclusion The self-management level of NAFLD patients is moderate and is influenced by their monthly income, exercise habits, dietary habits and mental health status. Healthcare professionals should develop targeted intervention programs addressing these factors to enhance patients' self-management capabilities.

Objective:To carry out a scoping review on feeding decision aids in patients with advanced dementia, clarify the characteristics, functions, and application effects of the tools, so as to provide reference for further clinical research.Methods:The research on feeding decision aids for patients with advanced dementia was systematically searched on China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) , VIP, WanFang Data, and the China Biomedical Literature Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The search period was from database establishment to August 2022. Two researchers independently selected literature based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted, summarized and analyzed data from the included literature.Results:A total of 8 decision aids were included. The main types included web-based decision aids, paper text decision support manuals, audio manual form decision aids, and a combination of various forms of decision aids. Decision aids provided dementia feeding related information to patients and surrogate decision-makers, analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of different feeding methods, helped clarify their value preferences, and assisted them in making feeding decisions. The evaluation of application effectiveness mainly included outcome indicators such as knowledge, decision conflict, decision regret, decision satisfaction, frequency of doctor-patient communication, and acceptability and effectiveness of decision aids.Conclusions:Decision aids have played a positive role in selecting feeding methods for dementia patients and surrogate decision-makers. Under the background of "Internet + nursing service", we can learn from the experience of foreign research and make full use of artificial intelligence technology to explore scientific and feasible personalized decision aids, so as to provide demand based decision support for patients and their surrogate decision-makers and improve the quality of decisions.