Objective To introduce the microsurgical experience of total removal in large and middle sized recurrent sphenoid ridge meningiomas and discuss the recurrent reasons Methods A series of 24 cases large and middle sized recurrent sphenoid ridge meningiomas operated microsurgically by combined frontotemporal orbitozygomatic approach were analysed retrospectively Result Totol removal(Grade Ⅱ of Simpson system)were achieved in 14 of the 24 patients,and subtotal in 6,partial in 4 There were isolative tumor nodi near main tumor in 5 cases Conclusion Combined frontotemporal orbitozygomatic approach and microsurgical technique are helpful to totally remove the tumor Resection uncompletely and tumor implantation within operation were recurrent reasons of sphenoid ridge meningiomas

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect of cerebellomedullary fissure approach to resect the fourth ventricle tumors. Methods Eightten cases of the fourth ventricle tumors that have been operated on through the posterior fossa craniotomy and cerebellomedullary fissure approach were analyzed retrospectively. Results Total turmor resection was achieved in 13 patients and subtotal in 5 patients. All patients were conscious after surgery. None of them presented mutism. Three cases suffered from postoperative hydrocephalus, ventriculoperi-toneal hunts were applied in 2 cases, another case died of acute obstructive hydrocephalus. Conclusion The cerebellomedullary fissure approach can provide a sufficent exposure to resect the fourth ventricle tumor without incision of the inferior vermis.

BACKGROUND:Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy is one of the most important factors of lumbar spinal stenosis, but the molecular mechanism is stil not very clear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the role of basic fibroblast growth factor, connective tissue growth factor and transforming growth factor β1 in hypertrophy of the lumbar ligamentum flavum. METHODS: The ligamentum flavum samples were divided into three groups according to different diseases: control group (acquired from the patients with lumbar spinal canal tumor,n=6), lumbar disc herniation (LDH) group (acquired from the patients with LDH,n=6) and lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) group (acquired from the patients with LSS,n=6). Then the mRNA expressions of basic fibroblast growth factor, connective tissue growth factor, transforming growth factor β1 and colagen I, III, V of the ligamentum flavum were detected using real-time quantitative RT-PCR method. The roles of basic fibroblast growth factor, connective tissue growth factor and transforming growth factor β1 were explored. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expression of basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA in the LSS group was significantly higher than that in the LDH and control groups (bothP < 0.05); the expression of connective tissue growth factor mRNA was not found statisticaly different among the three groups, although it was slightly higher in the LSS group (P> 0.05); the expression of transforming growth factor β1 mRNA was significantly higher in the LSS group than in the LDH and control groups (bothP < 0.01). The colagen I mRNA expressed significantly higher in the LSS group than the LDH and control groups (bothP < 0.05), but both the colagen III and V mRNA showed no significant difference among the three groups (P> 0.05). This study indicate that both basic fibroblast growth factor and transforming growth factor β1 play important roles in the formation process of the lumbar ligamentum flavum hypertrophy, and the main type of the colagen in the hypertrophied ligamentum flavum is colagen I.

BACKGROUND:It has been an urgent problem of how to promote cartilage repair of the knee and shorten the total course through a tissue engineering approach. Fortunately, microfracture plus stem cel transplantation may open up a new path for this issue. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinic feasibility of arthroscopic microfracture technique plus stem cel transplantation for repair of articular cartilage injury of the knee. METHODS:From October 2010 to March 2012, a total of 16 patients with articular cartilage injury of the knee were enrol ed, including 12 males and 4 females, with the average age of 38.6 years (16-52). Al cases of cartilage injury were confirmed by arthroscopy. Autologous bone marrow was extracted from patients at 2 weeks before treatment to isolate, culture and amplify bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s in vitro. The cel culture solution of 3-5 mL (about 107 cel s) was harvested. The articular cavity was clean by arthroscopy and microfracture technique was performed at the area of cartilage injury that was then covered with hemostatic gauze through a minimal y invasive incision and the prepared bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were injected. The knee was bandaged with the elastic bandage after aspirating the joint cavity effusion by vacuum suction. Functional exercises were performed early by CPM.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After fol ow-up of 4-18 months, there were 13 cases of excel ent, 2 cases of valid and 1 case of ineffective. According to Lysholm knee scores, the average scores were improved from 42 points (33-67 points) to 89 points (75-99 points) at 4 weeks after treatment. The function was satisfied and al patients were fol owed up without recurrence or worse. Under the arthroscopy, the combination of microfracture technique and autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel transplantation is proved to be effective for articular cartilage injury of the knee and it can notably improve the clinic symptoms and recover the function of the knee.

The immune system of mammalian has developed sophisticated mechanism to deal with diverse unknown antigens by random rearrangement of V, D and J antigen gene fragments. The immune self-tolerance is the mechanism to avoid self-destruction by the gene rearrangement generated autoreactive lymphocytes. Until recently it was believed that autoreactive lymphocytes are either deleted or rendered unable to respond by the supposed cell or clone selection mechanism. However, recent findings from a number of laboratories suggest instead of cell selection but receptor selection plays an essential role in immune self-tolerance. Receptor selection is carried out by secondary or nested rearrangement of antigen receptor gene fragments, and can occur at different stages of lymphocyte differentiation. Furthermore, secondary rearrangement of receptor gene also plays an important role in shaping immune response after the interaction of receptor with antigen by altering its specificity.
Autoimmune Diseases ; immunology ; B-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte ; immunology ; Genes, Immunoglobulin ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell ; immunology ; Self Tolerance ; immunology

BACKGROUNDIt has been known that the growth of solid tumors is dependent on angiogenesis, and neoangiogeneses of tumor become main target to control tumor growth. The aims of this study are to investigate the inhibition effect of replicate-deficient adenovirus encoding the soluble form of mouse vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sFlt1-Adv) on angiogenesis and tumor growth in established tumor model.

METHODSMouse Lewis lung cancer cells were inoculated subcutaneously into C57 mice. sFlt1-Adv, GFP-Adv and normal saline were injected twice intravenously after establishing Lewis cancer model. Diameters of tumors were measured every other day. Tumors were resected, weighed and fixed in 3% paraformadehyde. Microvessel density of tumors was determined by immunohistochemical staining with anti-CD31 antibody.

RESULTSThe planted tumor volume and weight in sFlt1-Adv group were significantly lower compared with the two controls (P < 0.01). Its inhibition rate was 71.8%. The microvessel density in sFlt1-Adv group decreased markedly compared with that of the control groups (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSsFlt1-Adv can inhibit the growth of tumor through the inhibition of tumor angiogenesis. sFlt1-Adv may be potentially valuable for clinical treatment of solid tumor.

Objective To investigate the effect of platelet-rich plasma(PRP) on starting of AnxA1 gene and PPARγ gene of adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) in rabbit.Methods Epididymal adipose tissue stem cells from New Zealand white rabbits,and the cells identified by morphology and inducing differentiation,the cells were cultured to the fourth generation,PRP and PPP (platelet-poor plasma) were prepared by traditional centrifugal method from abdominal aortic of rabbit;ADSCs were cultured in culture medium containing PRP (experimental group),PPP (control group) and all medium (blank group) for each 5％ for 24 h,48h and 72 h.Cells of each group were dissociated and total RNA extracted.AnxA1 gene and PPARγ gene were detected by RT-PCR.Results Primary ADSCs of rabbit grew in the way of long spindle swirly.The results of oil red O and alizarin red staining of the ADSCs were positive.AnxA1 gene and PPARγ gene of experimental group significantly increased from the result of RT-PCR (P＜0.05).Conclusions PRP can promote proliferation of the ADSCs of rabbit and increase the expression of AnxA1 gene and PPARγ gene significantly.

Objective To explore the optimal time for starting to drink plenty of water after 131I treatment in differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC) patients.Methods Totally 83 cases of DTC patients were randomly divided into three groups,and started to drink plenty of water at 12 h(group A),24 h(group B),and 36 h(group C) after treatment with 131I therapy.We measured and compared equivalent dose rate using the Inspector Alert gamma ray monitor at 1 meter in front of the patient's abdomen and neck at 6 h,12 h,24 h,36 h,48 h,72 h after taking 131I.We compared the discharge rate at different time and evaluated the curative effect.Results Equivalent dose rate of the abdomen at 24 h and 36 h after treatment and the discharge rate at 36 h and 48 h after treatment among three groups showed significant differences(P＜0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in the curative effect(P＞0.05).Conclusion Starting to drink plenty of water at 12 h after taking 131I can accelerate the decreasing of equivalent dose rate with no influence on the curative effect and improve the discharge rate at early.

Our previous report has demonstrated that 5-formylhonokiol (FH), a derivative of honokiol (HK), exerts more potent anti-proliferative activities than honokiol in several tumor cell lines. In present study, we first explored the antiangiogenic activities of 5-formylhonokiol on proliferation, migration and tube formation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) for the first time in vitro. Then we investigated the in vivo antiangiogenic effect of 5-formylhonokiol on zebrafish angiogenesis model. In order to clarify the underlying molecular mechanism of 5-formylhonokiol, we investigated the signaling pathway involved in controlling the angiogenesis process by western blotting assay. Wound-healing results showed that 5-formylhonokiol significantly and dose-dependently inhibited migration of cultured human umbilical vein enthothelial cells. The invasiveness of HUVEC cells was also effectively suppressed at a low concentration of 5-formylhonokiol in the transwell assay. Further F-actin imaging revealed that inhibitory effect of 5-formylhonokiol on invasion may partly contribute to the disruption of assembling stress fiber. Tube formation assay, which is associated with endothelial cells migration, further confirmed the anti-angiogenesis effect of 5-formylhonokiol. In in vivo zebrafish angiogenesis model, we found that 5-formylhonokiol dose-dependently inhibited angiogenesis. Furthermore, western blotting showed that 5-formylhonokiol significantly down-regulated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) expression and inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK but not affecting the total protein kinase B (Akt) expression and related phosphorylation, suggesting that 5-formylhonokiol might exert anti-angiogenesis capacity via down-regulation of the ERK signal pathway. Taken together, these data suggested that 5-formylhonokiol might be a viable drug candidate in antiangiogenesis and anticancer therapies.
Actins/metabolism ; Angiogenesis Inhibitors/*pharmacology ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology ; Biphenyl Compounds/*pharmacology ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement/drug effects ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/drug effects/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/*drug effects/metabolism ; Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Humans ; Lignans/*pharmacology ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/*drug effects ; Signal Transduction/*drug effects ; Umbilical Veins/cytology ; Wound Healing ; Zebrafish/embryology/metabolism

A DNA fragment encoding extracellular domain of mouse epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) was obtained by PCR from a previous recombinant plasmid. The DNA fragment was then ligated into prokaryotic expression vector, and expressed in Escherichia Coli. The recombinant protein was purified under denature conditions by affinity chromatography, and refolded with gradient dialysis. The recombinant protein could produce antibodies to recognize extracellular domain and full-length of mouse EGFR, and form homodimer in the presence of EGF detected by western blot analysis. These findings provide evidence that the renatured recombinant extracellular domain of mouse epidermal growth factor receptor is immunogenetic and may be important for further application of this protein in functional and immunological research.
Animals ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Mice ; Plasmids ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; biosynthesis ; chemistry ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Transfection