Objective To investigate the status and demands of prenatal education among pregnant women,and to provide reference for better prenatal education. Methods A total of 750 pregnant women were recruited from 20 hospitals in Chengdu and were investigated with a serf-designed questionnaire. Results 74.42% of the pregnant women had participated the prenatal education,25.58% of them didn't take even one prenatal class. The most preferred knowledge was newborn care. They most preferred to take prenatal classes at weekends in small group. The women's educational level,family income, delivery experience and times of prenatal check-up were the key factors to affect the participation in the prenatal educa-tion. Conclusions It is suggested to innovate the contents and means of prenatal education in order to attract the pregnant women to participate prenatal education actively.

Objective　To investigate the possible roles of the different subnuclei of hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus （PNV） which may regulate splenic immune function. Methods　4 SD rats received splenic injection of pseudorabies virus（PRV）.96 hours after injection， a block containing hypothalamus was taken and cut into 40 μm sections with cryostat. Immunohistochemical technique and stereology method were used to detect the distributing character of transsynaptic PRV infection neurons in the PVN and the localization relationship between PRV neurons and AVP neurons in the PVN.Results　Transsynaptic PRV infection neurons distributed through out the PVN， but mainly concentrated in the lateral parvocellular （LP） subnucleus of PVN and posterior magnocellular （PM） subnuclei of PVN （occupied 73.49％ of total surface area），a few distributed in the anterior， dorsal and periventricular parvocellular （AP，DP and PP）nuclei of PVN，few scatted in the rest of nuclei of PVN. In the LP and PM some of the PRV neurons distributed among the AVP neurons.Conclusions　Besides the classical neuro-immuno-endocrine modulation， the PVN may regulate the splenic immune function through direct innervation .The AVP neurons in the PM and neurons projecting to the proganglionic neurons in the dorsal medulla and lateral horn of spinal cord in the LP，DP and AP regulate the immune function of spleen through sympathetic and para-sympathetic innovation.

BACKGROUND: Reumatoid arthritis (RA) is a well-known autoimmune disease. Recently, polyglycosides of tripterygium wilfordii hook F (T Ⅱ), a traditional Chinese herb, has been widely used to treat rheumatoid arthritis.But the effects of TⅡ on the joints' synovium inflammation and whether TⅡcan prevent the reumatoid arthritis need to be investigated further.OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of T Ⅱ on the relative data of ankle joints of adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experiment based on rats. SETTING: Departments of Histology and Embryology and Neurobiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University. MATERIALS: A total of 20 healthy clean grade female SD rats, aged 2 to 3 months old, weighing 185-215 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of West China Medical Center of Sichuan University. Fre und's complete adjuvant (FCA) was produced by Sigma Company. TⅡ was produced by Zhuzhou 3rd pharmacy of Hunan Province (certification number: 2005 No 055172, 10 mg/pill).METHODS: The experiment was completed in Department of Histology and Embryology and Neurobiology in Sichuan University from May 2004 to March 2005. ① All the 20 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 5 rats in each group by lots: normal group, without Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) injection and TⅡ administration; model group, with FCA intradermal injection (0.2 mL) into the left hind paw and without TⅡ administration; TⅡ preventive group, first we use the same way as model group to replicate the AA model in rats, then on the 7th day AA rats were feed by TⅡ 30 mg/kg every day for 7 days; TⅡ therapeutic group, AA rats model were built with the same way as model group, on the 19th day AA rats were feed by TⅡ 30 mg/kg every day for 7 days. During this period, the swelling dimension of hind paw both primary and secondary are mea sured before immunization with FCA and after immunization, that was, on the 2nd, 10th, 15th, 19th, 22nd and 26th days. ② Arthritis index have been recorded according to inflammatory state of other three uninjected limbs.③ On the 28th day, all the rats were killed, the ankle joints are collected after perfusion-fixation. These joints were sectioned and colorated with H. E staining. Then we observe the histopathological changes in the synovium of ankle joints. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Swelling dimension of joints and arthritis index, histopathology of anklebone joint's synovium. RESULTS: All of the 20 rats completed the experiment without missing. ① On the 2nd day after FCA injection, the primary hind paw of other three groups beside normal group appeared obvious swelling; from 2nd to 26th days, the volume of hind paw in other three groups was larger than that of normal group (t=2.315-3.041, P ＜ 0.05). The volume of primary hind paw in TⅡ preventive group at different time points (10th, 15th, 19th, 22nd and 26th days) was obviously less than that of model group (t=2.064-2.683, P ＜ 0.05). The volume of primary hind paw in TⅡ therapeutic group on the 22nd and 26th days was less than that of model group (t=2.112-2.578, P ＜ 0.05). Fifteen days after FCA injection, the volume of secondary hind paw in model group and T Ⅱ therapeutic group was larger than that of normal group (t=2.201-2.546, P ＜ 0.05). On the 15th, 19th, 22nd and 26th days, the volume of secondary hind paw in T Ⅱ preventive group was obviously less than that of model group (t=2.373-2.425, P ＜ 0.05). The volume of secondary hind paw in T Ⅱ therapeutic group on the 26th day was obviously less than model group (P ＜ 0.05). ② On the 14th day after FCA injection(after T Ⅱ preventive administration for 7 days), arthritis index of model group was (8.3±2.0) points, while arthritis index of TⅡ preventive group was (0.4±0.95) points (t=2.64, P ＜ 0.05), there was an obvious decline in T Ⅱ preventive group compared with model group. On the 26th day after FCA injection (after TⅡ therapeutic administration for 7 days), arthritis index of model group was (11.2±0.7), whileinflammatory disease in AA rats and prevent the secondary arthritis in the rats of AA as well.

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of the sleep quality and health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and analyze the different effects of sleep quality on HRQoL among young and middle-aged people.Methods:A cross-sectional study recruited 1 976 participants.All participants completed a self-designed questionnaire for the adults' general condition, the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Short-Form health survey (SF-36). All participants were divided into 3 age groups: 18-29-year-old group( n=1 148), 30-44-year-old group( n=586) and 45-59-year-old group ( n=242). SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Chi-square test was used to analyze the general characteristics of the three age groups.Non-parametric test was used to analyze the scores of the three age groups in different dimensions of sleep quality. One-way ANOVA was used to analyze the mean scores of the three age groups in different dimensions of HRQoL. Stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the effect of sleep quality on HRQoL among the three groups after control the confounding factors such as marital status, education, smoking, drinking and exercise habits and past medical history. Results:In terms of sleep quality, the total PSQI scores of 18-29-year-old, 30-44-year-old and 45-59-year-old groups(4(2, 6), 4(2, 6), 4(2, 6)) showed statistically significant differences ( Z=10.951, P=0.004). In terms of HRQoL, there were statistically significant differences in physical component summary scores (18-29-year-old: 82.51±12.62, 30-44-year-old: 80.72±13.63, 45-59-year-old: 82.04±13.07, F=3.667, P=0.026) and mental component summary scores(18-29-year-old: 76.09±15.46, 30-44-year-old: 77.20±16.14, 45-59-year-old: 81.82±14.14, F=13.649, P<0.001) among young and middle-aged people in different age groups.Regression analysis found that daytime dysfunction was an independent influencing factor for HRQoL in young and middle-aged population ( β=-0.308--0.425, all P<0.01). Sleep disorders significantly decreased Physical Component Summary of HRQoL in young-aged people ( β=-0.127--0.215, all P<0.01). The use of hypnotic drugs significantly reduced the scores in the physiological field in the young adults aged 30-44 ( β=-0.076, P<0.05). The duration of sleep significantly decreased the scores in the mental domain of young adults aged 30-44 ( β=-0.112, P<0.01). Subjective sleep quality was an independent factor that significantly decreased HRQoL in young adults aged 18-29 and 30-44 years ( β=-0.089--0.169, all P<0.01). Conclusion:Sleep quality and HRQoL of young and middle-aged people in different age groups show different characteristics.The effect of sleep quality on HRQoL is different among people in different ages.Taking targeted interventions for people of different ages to improve the sleep quality may be an effective way to improve their HRQoL.

Objective To evaluate the effect of deferoxamine on ventilator-associated lung injury in rats.Methods Twenty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 weeks,weighing 250-300 g,were divided into 3 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table method:control group (group C),ventilator-associated lung injury group (group VALI),and ventilator-associated lung injury plus deferoxamine group (VALI+DFO group).Normal saline 2 ml was intraperitoneally injected in C and VALI groups,and deferoxamine 200 mg/kg (dissolved in 2 ml normal saline) was intraperitoneally injected in group VALI+DFO.The animals were connected to a small animal ventilator 15 min later and mechanically ventilated in volume-controlled mode,with tidal volume 40 ml/kg,respiratory rate 40-60 breaths/min,inspiratory/expiratory ratio 1 ∶ 1,and inspired oxygen fraction ratio 1.0.The rats were sacrificed after the end of mechanical ventilation,and the left lung tissues were removed for examination of the pathological changes (with a light microscope) which were scored and for determination of wet/dry weight ratio (W/D ratio).The right lung was lavaged,and lavage fluid was collected to prepare macrophage suspension,and the alveolar macrophage and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were determined using flow cytometry.Results Compared with group C,the pathological score,W/D ratio of lung tissues,and alveolar macrophage and mitochondrial ROS levels were significantly increased in group VALI,and the pathological score was significantly increased in group VALI (P＜0.05).Compared with group VALI,the pathological score,W/D ratio of lung tissues,and alveolar macrophage and mitochondrial ROS levels were significantly decreased in group VALI and DFO (P＜0.05).Conclusion Deferoxamine can reduce ventilator-associated lung injury,and the mechanism may be related to inhibiting oxidative stress in rats.