Objective To explore the surgical treatment for ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures.Method From December 2000 to March 2007,13 patients with ipsilateral femoral neck and shaft fractures were treated,7 patients were stabilized with reconstruction inter-locking nail,3 patients were stabilized with cannulated lag screws and retrograde inter-locking nail,and the other patients who were missed diagnosis were stabilized with cannulated lag SCreWS and antergrade inter-locking nail.Results All patients were followed up for 18 months to 5 years,and had fracture union at one stage,except 1 patient had nonunion offemoral neck fracture and 1 patient had nonunion offemoral shaft fracture.Conclusions The ipsilateralfractures offemoralneck and shaftismre.andthefemoral neckfractureis easyto bemissed.The treating method should be chosen according to the position of femoral shaft fracture.

Objective To study the association between activity of hand,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) and the meteorological factors in Suzhou.Methods A total of 17 653 children diagnosed with HFMD in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Suzhou University during 2008 to 2011 were enrolled.The meteorological factors in(c)luding mean temperature,relative humidity,rainfall amount,sum of sunshine and mean wind velocity during Jan 2008 to Dec 2011 were collected monthly.Numeration data were analyzed using chi square or Fisher exact test.Normal distribution data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and non-normal distribution data were analyzed using Spearman rank correlation.Results HFMD could be found all over the year and had obvious seasonality which peaked in Summer,followed by Spring and Autumn and HFMD decreased markedly in Winter.The activity of HFMD was positive correlated with mean temperature(r=0.716,P＜0.01),wind velocity (r=0.630,P＜0.01),rainfall(r=0.477,P＜0.01) and sum of sunshine(r=0.311,P＜0.05).No statistical significance was observed between relative humidity and HFMD(r =0.276,P＞0.05).Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that only mean temperature and rainfall were associated with HFMD and mean temperature had stronger influence on HFMD than rainfall (t =4.687,P ＜ 0.01 ; t =2.258,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions HFMD has obvious seasonality.Mean temperature and rainfall are the main factors affecting this seasonality.

Objective To investigate the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) α and β in human prostate cancer (PC), peri-cancer tissue and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissue, and to discuss the role of estrogen receptor in prostate cancer. Methods The expression of ERα and ERβ in PC (n=28), peri-cancer tissue (n=28) and BPH (n=29) were detected by immunohistochemistry with En vision method. The ERα and ERβ expression were compared among different tissues by chisquare. The relationship between ER expression and related clinicopathologic features was statistically analyzed by spearman rank collection. Results ERα was localized dominantly in the stromal cell of PC. There were significant differences of the expression of ERα in PC, peri-cancer tissue and BPH tissue (epithelial cell 0%, 14%, 24%, P＜0. 05; stromal cell 57%, 68%, 31%,P＜0. 05). ERβ was localized in both epithelial and stromal cell of PC. There were significant differences of the expression of ERβ in PC, peri-cancer tissue and BPH tissue (epithelial cell 39%, 64%, 29%, P＜0.01; stromal cell 50%, 75%, 79%, P＜0.05). There was a significant difference of the expression of ERβ in different Gleason scores of PC tissue. Conclusions ERα is localized in the stromal cell of PC tissue.ERβ is localized in both epithelial and stromal cell of PC tissue. The ERβ might be related to the tumor differentiation of PC.

Objectives To explore the effects of nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization in children with acute bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).Methods Hospitalized children of acute bronchiolitis were enrolled to detect pathogen and bacterial colonization.Their clinical data and laboratory results were collected and analyzed.Cases of elective surgery were also obtained as control group.Results Fifty-five percent of all children with bronchiolitis had a lower positive rate of nasopharyngeal bacterial culture (55.0％ vs.74.1％,P ＜0.01).Children with nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization had a higher rate of severe bronchiolitis (13.8％ vs.4.2％,P =0.018),presented dyspnea more frequently (19.8％ vs.9.5％,P =0.037) and had a longer hospital duration (8.2 vs.7.5 days,P =0.036) as compared with those without bacterial colonization.In terms of laboratory results,a higher proportion of C-reactive protein was found in children with bacterial colonization than those with non-bacterial colonizations (17.2％ vs.4.2％,P =0.003).Conclusion Bacterial colonization may be a predictor for severe bronchiolitis.

Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of retinoie acid on B16 marina mel-anoma cells and human melanocytes in vitro. Methods B16F10 murine melanoma cells and human mela-noeytes were cultured in culture medium which contains different concentration of components, including retinoic acid. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) mRNA expression of the tyrosinase was detected. Tyrosinase activity, melanin content and cell proliferation rate were also deter-mined. Results Retinoieacid exhibited an inhibitory effect on the expression of tyrosinase mRNA. As the concentration of retinoic acid was 100 μmol/L, treating for 72 h, the expression of tyrosinase mRNA de-creased 30.13 %, retinoic acid exhibited an inhibitory effect on tyrosinase activity and melanin production at high concentration (>500 μmol/L), and it could promote the cell proliferation. Retinoic acid and hy-droqninone could be cooperative at high concentration (1 000 μmol/L), and enhanced the down regulation of tyrosinase activity and melanin content. Retinoic acid could also mitigate the inhibitory effect of hydro-quinone on cell proliferation, so as to protect the cells from injury. Hydroquinone had no effect on tyrosi-nase gene expression at mRNA level. Conclusion Retinoic acid inhibits the synthesis of melanin by the genetic regulation at mRNA level.

OBJECTIVE To establish an in vitro test method and to evaluate the genotoxicity of chemicals using primary cultured mouse hepatocytes and the changes in phosphorylated histone H2AX(γH2AX)expression levels to provide a more reliable marker of the identification of genotoxicity. METHODS Hepatocytes were isolated from BALB/c mice by an improved two-step collagenase diges?tion method and then cultured in sandwich configuration. The primary cultured hepatocytes were treat?ed with various concentrations of four known genotoxic agents bleomycin(BLM),benzo(a)pyrene〔B (a)p〕,styrene and styrene-7,8-oxide(SO)within the range of 40 μmol · L-1 and two non-genotoxic agents azathioprine(Aza)and ciclosporin A(CsA)at different time points within 24 h. The cytotoxicity induced by these toxicants was assessed by CCK-8 assay. Then,the changes in γH2AX expression levels in treated cells were determined by flow cytometry. RESULTS The four genotoxic agents could be detected and two non-genotoxic agents could not be detected by this method. The γH2AX expression level was the highest when hepatocytes were exposed to BLM and SO for 3 h,or B(a)p and styrene for 6 h(P<0.01). The production of γH2AX was 25.67,18.36,12.43 and 14.25 for the four types of genotoxic agents,respectively,and was approximately 19,13,9 and 11 times that of the vehicle control group(P<0.01)at the optimum time point and concentration. There was a significant positive corre?lation between the indicated concentrations of genotoxic chemicals and γH2AX expression levels(P<0.01). In addition,the production ofγH2AX indicated no marked increase in two non-genotoxic agents such as Aza and CsA in comparison with the control group. CONCLUSION This test method can effec?tively distinguish genotoxic agents from non-genotoxic agents,and direct genotoxic agents from indirect genotoxic agents in the absence of S9. γH2AX might be a reliable marker for the identification of the potential genotoxicity of chemicals.

0.05).But significant enhancement was found after LAD ligation for 4 hours (82.1?15.2) HU.MSCT coronary angiography could show the blockage of LAD in nine dogs.Conclusion MSCT myocardial perfusion combined with coronary angiography could estimate myocardial ischemia and infarction,and show the blockage of the coronary artery.

Objective To detect the mutations of GJB2 and GJB6 genes in the first Chinese case of keratitis, ichthyosis and deafness (KID) syndrome. Methods Genomic DNA was extracted from the patient with KID syndrome and his family members. All encoding exons and adjacent splice sites of the GJB2 and GJB6 genes were amplified by PCR. Mutation scanning was carried out by direct bidirectional DNA sequencing. Results No mutation was found in GJB6. A G148A mutation was found at exon2 of GJB2 in the patient, which caused a change from aspartic acid to asparagine at codon 50(D50N). Conclusion This case of KID syndrome may be caused by the mutation in GJB2.

Objective To explore the the role of fraction exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO) in airway inflammation of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).Methods Inpatients with low respiratory tract infection were enrolled from August to November in 2012,69 patients had MPP and 33 had no MPP(non-MPP).Patients with MPP were further grouped into a bronchopneumonia group and the lobar pneumonia group.Fifty-four inguinal hernia patients without respiratory tract infection during the last 2 weeks were enrolled as a control group.FeNO was measured by nitric oxide analyzer.Eosinophile level was detected by blood cells analysator.Results The level of FeNO in patients with MPP [(6.28 ±3.00) ppb] was lower than that of patients of non-MPP [(10.85 ± 2.86) ppb] and the control group [(9.74 ± 3.10) ppb] (t =7.30,6.26,respectively,all P ＜ 0.000 1) ; the level of FeNO between the bronchopneumonia group [(5.78 ± 3.06) ppb] and the lobar pneumonia group [(6.48 ± 2.98) ppb] with infection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) had no statistical significance(t =0.88,P ＞0.05).The proportion of blood eosinophile in patients with MPP [(0.60 ±0.51) ％] was lower than that of non-MPP group [(1.15 ± 0.76) ％] (t =4.14,P ＜ 0.000 1) ; the proportion of blood eosinophile between bronchopneumonia group [(0.61 ± 0.57) ％] and lobar pneumonia group [(0.60 ± 0.55) ％] with infection of MP had no discrepance (t =-0.05,P ＞0.05).Conclusions MP infection decreases production of FeNO.The possible mechanism for this phenomenon is that the cilia loss and hyperimmune response to MP may affect the production of FeNO.The airway inflammation of mycoplasma pneumonia is associated with cilia loss and hyperimmune response.

Objectives To compare the clinical features between rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus infection in lower respiratory tract in children. Methods From December 2012 to May 2013, direct immunofluorescence assay was per-formed to test RSV in 1 037 nasal aspirate specimens with LRTIs. RT-PCR method was used to test HRV RNA. The medical re-cords of patients with a positive test of HRV or RSV were reviewed and compared. Results The isolating rate for HRV and RSV was 8.78%(91/1 037) and 17.16%(178/1 037) respectively. The frequency of co-infection of HRV with other virus was 18.68%, higher than that of RSV (7.30%,χ2=7.867, P=0.005). The age distribution had significant difference between children infected with HRV and RSV (Z=5.40, P<0.001). 78.38% patients with HRV infection were younger than 3 years old, and 83.03%patients with RSV infection were younger than 1 year old. Dyspnea, hyoxemia and wheezing were more common in pa-tients with RSV infection. Admission occurred much later in the course of the HRV infection (P<0.01). Leukocytosis, eosinophi-lia, and an elevated total serum IgE were more common in patients with HRV infection (P<0.05). Conclusions HRV is one of the important causes of LRTIs in Suzhou. The susceptible population, clinical presentation and laboratory results of HRV infec-tions are different from that of RSV infections.