OBJECTIVE To investigate the carrier state of lid margins after eyes area disinfection by 75% alcohol and 0.5% iodine and to compare the effect of different disinfectants,so we will know whether 0.5% iodine can be used for eyes area disinfection. METHODS Thirty eight patients(76 eyes) from our hospital in March-May 2005 were analyzed.The operated eyes area as control group were disinfected by 75% alcohol-the traditional disinfection method.The contralateral eyes area without operation as experimental group were disinfected by 0.5% iodine.Lid margins samples were obtained for culture after 3 minutes. RESULTS The qualification rate was 81.58% in the experimental group whereas 60.53% in the control group(P

Objective To investigate the effects of pentoxifylline on the cell proliferation of, collagen synthesis and TGF-β1 expression by human fibroblasts derived from keloid. Methods Skin samples were obtained from the lesions of 3 patients with keloid and normal skin of 3 human controls followed by primary culture of fibroblasts. Fibroblasts of 5th to 8th generation were cultured with pentoxifylline of 0.1 to 3 g/L for various durations. Then, MTT assay was performed to detect the cell proliferation of fibroblasts, double antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure the expression of TGF-β1, and reversetranscription PCR to examine the mRNA expressions of procollagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ in these fibroblasts. Results The pentoxifylline of 0.1 to 2 g/L markedly inhibited the proliferation of fibroblasts derived from keloid lesions and normal skin, in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with the strongest effect observed in fibroblasts treated with pentoxifylline of 2 g/L. A significant reduction was induced in the TGF-β1 mRNA expression in keloidand normal skin-derived fibroblasts by pentoxifylline of 0.5 to 2 g/L (all P < 0.01), and in the mRNA expression of procollagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ by pentoxifylline of 1 and 2 g/L (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Concretely, the relative mRNA expression level of procollagen Ⅰ and Ⅲwas 0.873 ± 0.077, 0.571 ± 0.050 respectively in keloid fibroblasts respectively, and 0.473 ± 0.035, 0.370 ± 0.045 in the control fibroblasts, after treated with pentoxifylline of 1 g/L, 0.750 ± 0.036 and 0.433 ± 0.045 respectively in keloid-derived fibroblasts, 0.390 ± 0.030 and 0.250 ±0.123 respectively in the control fibroblasts, after treated with pentoxifylline of 2 g/L, significantly lower than that in the keloid-derived (1.216 ± 0.061 and 0.953 ± 0.060) and control (0.836 ± 0.080 and 0.776 ± 0.041) fibroblasts without treatment. Conclusion Pentoxifylline shows an evident suppressive effect on the cell proliferation of, as well as the expression of TGF-β1 and procollagen Ⅰ and Ⅲ in fibroblasts derived from keloid lesions and normal skin.

Objective To construct a genetically-stable double auxotrophic,in which the uracil and leucine were mutated,using the Candida parapolymorpha ATCC26012 as materials.Methods Based on the physical and genetic engineering methods,the chromosome of the C.parapolymorpha strain was modified,where the ura3 and leu2 genes were directly mutated,to obtain the uracil and leucine double auxotrophic strain.Then the constructed strain was identified by the analysis of its biological properties,such as genetic stability,the change of the genes,and the physiologic and biochemical characteristics.Results The uracil and leucine double auxotrophic strain is obtained by screening.The biological identification results show that the obtained strain is genetically stable and the targeted genes are directly altered.In addition,the physiologic and biochemical analyses indicate that the auxotrophic can utilize various kinds of carbon and nitrogen nutrient sources,and its growth is good.Conclusion The successful construction of double auxotrophic mutant strains facilitated the genetic studies on C.parapolymorpha to meet various investigational purposes.Moreover,the constructed auxotrophic strains can be applied as advantageous host cells to express multiple proteins/antigens simultaneously,which is of great significance in the development of vaccines.

Optimization on sustained release preparation formulation is a multi-factor, multi-level complex optimiza-tion problem. Artificial neural network is very suitable for dealing with such complex multivariable nonlinear system. Based on analyzing the characteristics of sustained release preparation and the main influential factors of its quality, this paper focused on building a quality forecast model for sustained release preparation formulation by using BP neural network. The results showed that the BP neural network can effectively forecast the quality of sustained re-lease preparation formulation. It is a powerful optimization tool of sustained release preparation formulation.

Objective To investigate the ultrasonographic manifestations of the wrestler's ear.Methods Fifteen healthy volunteers and 12 wrestlers and judokas underwent sonography on ears of both sides. Results The appearance of the wrestlei's ear was the thick auricle,wrestlers hydrocele,increasing of color Doppler signals and conchal cartilage injury. There was significant difference between the average auricular thickness of athletes[(0.95±0.41)cm]and that of volunteers[(0.41±0.07)cm,t=7.06,P＜0.(11].Conclusions The ultrasonographic appearance of the wrestler's ear is characteristic.It is significant of ultrasonography to be used in the evaluation of diagnosis and therapy.

Objective To evaluate the immunogenicity of group A and C meningococcal polysaccharides conjugates using different proteins as carriers. Methods Heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit (LTB)pentamer form was expressed in E. coli. The target protein was identified and purified by cation-exchange chromatography. Then biological activity of rLTB was tested using GM1-ELISA. GCMP was conjugated to rLTB with the chemical method (ADH). Furthermore, the mice were immunized with GAMp-TT/GCMP-TT conjugates and GAMP-TT/GCMP-rLTB conjugates via peritoneal. Finally the anti-polysaccharide antibody was detected. Results The GAMP-TT/GCMP-rLTB conjugate elicits remarkably higher serum antibodies in mice than GAMP-TT/GCMP-TT conjugate. Conclusion These results indicated that polysaccharide conjugates using different proteins as carriers were superior to those using only one protein as carrier.

Objective To analyze the feasibility of the recombinant cholera toxin B subunit (rCTB) as a carrier protein candidate for the preparing of polysaccharide-protein conjugate, and to discuss the immune effects of tetanus toxoid (TT) as the carrier protein in mucosal delivery vaccine. Methods The refolded pentrumer protein, rCTB was obtained by genetic engineering methods. Then conjugated the refold-ed protein with group A meningococcal polysaccharide (GAMP) using the chemical method(ADH) ,the pol-ysaccharide-protein conjugates(GAMP-rCTB) were prepared. BALB/c mice were immunized either intraper-itoneally ( i. p. ) or intranasally ( i. n. ) with GAMP-rCTB. Moreover, GAMP-TT vaccine that TT as carrier proteins was i.n. immunized to the mice. The evaluation of immunology is performed. Results The conju-gates of polysaccharide-potein with the rCTB and TT as protein carrier both are able to elicit high level of GAMP specific IgG antibody in serum after i.n. immunization, and the conjugates can also elicit specific IgA antibody in lung lavage and intestinal mucosa. Conclusion rCTB and TT can both as the protein carri-er for polysaccharide-protein conjugate as mucosal vaccine. The route of intranasal may be more ways for im-mune function than i.p. immunization when rCTB is used as the carrier of the polysaccharide-protein conju-gates.

Objective To explore the distinction between measles vaccine strain Shanghai-191 (S- 191) and wild-type strains in China at molecular level. Methods After having been amplified by RT-PCR, the nucleotides of S-191 was sequenced and analyzed with reference to the sequences obtained from Gen- Bank, which includes 24 whole genome sequences, 211 sequences of wild-type strains isolated from China and WHO reference strains. Results The sequence of S-191 strain had been submitted to GenBank. Phylo- genetic analysis of the COOH terminal 456 nucleotides coding for the nucleoprotein (N) indicated that most of the measles virus strains from China were members of clade H1. The genetic distances between the virus strains detected in a number of provinces and S-191 strain were 6.7% -8.2%. It is noteworthy that the muta- tion rate of non-coding regions was considerably higher than that of coding regions. The mutation rate of N gene was the highest among all of the coding regions. Conclusion This report shows that genotype H1 is widely distributed throughout the country. The circulation has no apparent geographic and temporal restric- tion. The evolution of measles virus should be closely followed.

Objective To observe the distribution of oligodexynucleotide (ODN)MT01 in main organ tissues of the rats at different time points and to discuss the regularity of the distribution of MT01 preliminarily. Methods 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into experimental group(n=30)and control group(n=30). The rats in experimental group was locally injected with Cy5 labeled MT01 in gingival mucosa,whereas the rats in control group were injected with MTO1.The samples of rat lung,liver spleen,kidney,heart,and brain tissues were collected at 15 min,1 h,4 h,8 h,16 h,1 d,2 d,3 d,4 d,and 5 d after injection,and the distribution of MT01 fluorescence was observed by laser scanning confocal microscope.The ratio of fluorescence positive cells indicated the amount of MT01 that had been taken up by different organs.Results No positive fluorescence cells were observed in control group.Whereas,in experimental group ,the positive fluorescence cells were detected in the tissue samples of lung,liver,spleen and kidney but not in the tissue samples of heart and brain.The positive fluorescence cells distributed focally in kidney tissue and presented primarily in the cytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells.The ratios of positive fluorescence cells changed regularly with time in liver, spleen and kidney tissues and the highest level was detected at 4,3 and 4 d after injection.No distinct regularity of the ratio of positive fluorescence cells was observed in lung tissue.Conclusion MT01 can be taken up by liver,spleen and lung tissue and primarily by kidney with regularity in distribution.