Objective: To observe influence of anxiety or depression on prethrombotic state in patients with essential hypertension (EH). Methods: A total of 112 EH patients were equally divided into EH + A/D group and pure EH group. Levels of prethrombotic state indicators, including serum CD62P, von Willebrand factor (vWF), tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 and endothelin (ET)-1 were measured in two groups. Results: Compared with pure EH group, there were significant increase in levels of CD62P [(4.52±2.01) % vs. (8.38±1.96) %], vWF [(155.28±23.11) % vs. (185.23±22.21) %], PAI-1 [(54.35±13.21) ng/L vs. (79.88±14.53) ng/L] and ET-1 [(121.56±33.32) ng/L vs. (152.78±30.23) ng/L], P<0.05 all; and significant decrease in t-PA level [(19.37±11.46) ng/L vs. (9.56±8.32) ng/L, P<0.05] in EH + A/D group. Conclusion: Anxiety or depression can aggravate prethrombotic state of patients with essential hypertension through activation of platelets, influencing vascular endothelial function and fibrinolytic system imbalance.

Objective:To explore the development characteristics of empathy in adolescents and the relations with aggression.Methods:With multistage stratified random sampling method,15 738 middle school students were selected from 5 provinces across China.The Buss-Warren Aggression Questionnaire Revised in China (BWAQ-RC) and Interactional Reactivity Index (IRI-C)was used to measure adolescents'aggression and empathy.Results:Girls had higher level of empathy than boys (P <0.001).Age and gender were interacted in predicting empathetic con-cern (P <0.001).Perspective taking was significant negative predictor of indirect aggression,physical aggression, hostile and angry (P <0.001),while empathetic concern was significant positive predictor of indirect aggression, verbal aggression,hostile and angry (P <0.001).Empathy was divided into 4 class used the K-Means clustering a-nalysis,namely,low empathy class,high perspective taking class,high empathetic concern class,high perspective taking and empathetic concern class.In contrast to other classes,individuals in low empathy class were more likely to involve in physical aggression (P <0.05),and individuals in high level of perspective taking and empathetic con-cern class were related with less physical aggression and elevated verbal aggression (P <0.05).Individuals in high empathetic concern class exhibited more indirect aggression,hostile and anger than other subgroups (P <0.05). Conclusion:The unbalance development of the two components of empathy may be closely correlated with different conduction of aggressive behaviors.

Uremic pruritus is one of the skin complications that perplex patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis. Because the specific pathogenesis is not clear, there is no unified treatment plan in the world. In August 2021, the US Food and Drug Administration approved the use of difelikefalin (under the trade name Korsuva) for the treatment of moderate to severe pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease in adult patients undergoing hemodialysis. Studies have shown that difelikefalin can remarkably reduce the intensity of pruritus and improve sleep and pruritus-related quality of life. The recommended dose of difelikefalin is 0.5 μg/kg, and difelikefalin is well tolerated and has high safety. This paper reviews the pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy and safety of difelikefalin.

Objective To explore the efficacy and safety of enhanced external counterpulsation(EECP)in elderly patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)complicated by coronary heart dis-ease(CHD).Methods A total of 65 AIS patients with CHD admitted in our hospital from Janu-ary to June 2023 were recruited and randomly divided into a control group(drug secondary pre-vention,n=32)and a treatment group(drug combined with EECP therapy,n=33).Their NIHSS score,mRS score and Canadian Cardiovascular Society(CCS)angina grade were evaluated before and after treatment and compared between the two groups.The incidences of recurrent ischemic stroke,new hemorrhagic stroke and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)were also recor-ded during treatment.Results The NIHSS score and mRS score were significantly decreased in both groups after treatment(P＜0.01).After treatment,the NIHSS score(2.67±1.63 vs 3.56± 1.83),mRS score[1.0(0.0,1.0)vs 2.0(1.0,2.0)]and CCS grade[1.0(1.0,2.0)vs 2.0(1.0,2.0)]were obviously lower in the treatment group than the control group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).There were no statistical differences in the incidence rates of recurrent ischemic stroke,new-onset hem-orrhagic stroke,and MACE between the control group and the treatment group(9.4％vs 6.1％,6.3％vs 3.0％,12.5％vs 6.1％,P＞0.0 5).Conclusion EECP is a safe and effective treatment option for elderly AIS patients with CHD.

Objective To investigate the effects of a novel enhancer of Zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibitor GSK126 in vitro on the cell proliferation and apoptosis in acute leukemia and lymphoma cells. Methods CCKˉ8 assay was used to measure the effects of GSK126 with different concentrations and time on the cell proliferation in human Tˉcell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (TˉALL) CEM cell line, acute monocytic leukemia U937 cell line and Burkitt lymphoma Raji cell line. Annexin V/PI double staining method was used to determine the effects of GSK126 on the cell apoptosis. The effect of GSK126 on the mRNA levels of EZH2, bclˉ2 and bclˉxL were measured by using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Results After the function for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h, compared to the negative control group (0 μmol/L), 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 μmol/L GSK126 treatment showed a significant doseˉand timeˉdependent cell proliferation suppression in CEM cells; 5, 10, 15, 20 μmol/L GSK126 treatment showed a significant doseˉand timeˉdependent cell proliferation suppression in U937 cells; 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 μmol/L GSK126 treatment showed a significant timeˉdependent suppression in Raji cells (all P< 0.05). The 48 h 50% inhibitory concentration ( IC 50) of GSK126 on CEM, U937, Raji cells was (13.46 ±0.83), (11.65 ±1.02), (15.00 ±0.19) μmol/L, respectively. GSK126 treatment with the doses of 8, 12 and 16 μmol/L promoted the apoptosis of CEM and U937 cells compared with the negative control group (0 μmol/L), and there were statistical differences in the apoptosis rate (F＝ 167.995, P< 0.01; F＝ 158.400, P< 0.01). In Raji cells, only 16 μmol/L GSK126 treatment had a higher cell apoptosis rate compared with the control group (t＝ 47.998, P< 0.05). Furthermore, 8, 12 and 16 μmol/L GSK126 treatment suppressed the expressions of EZH2 mRNA in CEM, U937 and Raji cells compared with the control group (F＝82.035, P<0.01; F＝ 252.712, P< 0.01; F＝ 690.536, P< 0.01), and the expressions of bclˉ2 and bclˉxL mRNA (bclˉ2: F＝ 1 900.525, P< 0.01; F＝ 431.324, P< 0.01; F＝216.184, P<0.01; bclˉxL: F＝256.751, P<0.01; F＝147.019, P<0.01; F＝209.325, P<0.01). Conclusion EZH2 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of acute leukemia and lymphoma. GSK126 as a high selective inhibitor of EZH2 might be a potential new drug in treatment of hematological malignancies.

Objective:To investigate the longitudinal trajectory and influencing factors of cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy.Methods:From March 2019 to January 2020, breast cancer patients in Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Peking Union Medical College Hospital were selected as the research objects to conduct follow-up investigation. The survey tools included general information questionnaire, Cancer-related Fatigue Assessment Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale.Results:A total of 91 patients were included in the study. The incidence of severe CRF at each time point before chemotherapy, 3 weeks after chemotherapy and 6 weeks after chemotherapy were 1.1% (1/91), 8.8% (5/57) and 2.1% (1/48), respectively. The results of the generalized estimation equation showed that the trajectory of the total score CRF firstly increased and then decreased, reaching a peak at 3 weeks after chemotherapy (35.45±13.07), and mild CRF change showed statistical difference ( P<0.05). In addition, BMI and sleep and daytime dysfunction were the influencing factors of the total score of CRF. Disease stage, sleep disturbance and daytime dysfunction were the influencing factors of CRF with different severity. Conclusions:CRF is a prominent problem in breast cancer patients during chemotherapy. Attention should be paid to high-risk individuals with abnormal BMI and daytime function by medical staff.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of high-resolution magnetic resonance im-aging(HRMRI)in elderly patients with non-cardioembolic acute ischemic stroke(NCAIS).Meth-ods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 101 elderly NCAIS patients having HRMRI in our hospital from July 2022 to July 2023.Stroke subtypes were classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment(TOAST)system and the Chinese Ischemic Stroke Sub-classification(CISS)system.The constituent ratio distribution of each subtype classification was compared before and after HRMRI in both classification systems.Results TOAST system identi-fied 8 cases of small-artery occlusion(SAO),1 case of other determined etiology(SOE),5 cases of undetermined etiology(SUE)and then reclassified as large artery atherosclerosis(LAA),1 case of SUE which was reclassified as SAO,and 7 cases of LAA and 4 cases of SUE being reclas-sified as SOE after HRMRI.In total,the diagnosis of 26 cases(25.74％)was modified.In the CISS system,10 cases of penetrating artery disease(PAD),1 case of other etiologies(OE),and 4 cases of undetermined etiology(UE)were reclassified as LAA.Furthermore,9 cases of LAA and 3 cases of UE were reclassified as OE after HRMRI.In total,the diagnosis of 27 cases(26.73％)was modified.There were statistical differences in the constituent ratio before and after HRMRI in both TOAST(x2=15.425,P＜0.01)and CISS(x2=17.300,P＜0.01)systems.Conclusion HRMRI is of diagnostic value and significance in accurately diagnosing the etiology of AIS in eld-erly patients without cardioembolic causes.

Objective:To explore the application value of three-dimensional visualization technique based on CT data in the analysis of renal vascular anatomical variation.Methods:The clinical data of 210 patients with renal tumors, adrenal tumors and renal cysts who underwent renal enhanced CT from October 2020 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the patients, there were 114 males and 96 females with an average age of (56.5±13.2) years. The CT data were reconstructed by 3D slicer software. According to the three-dimensional visualization model, the renal vascular anatomy was analyzed from the perspective of whether it needs to be treated during laparoscopic radical nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy. The variation of renal artery can be divided into multiple renal arteries, premature branches of renal artery and the mixed type with the above two variations. Renal vein variation can be divided into multiple renal veins, late confluence of renal veins and mixed type with the above two variations.Results:Among the 210 patients in this study, there were no statistically significant differences in anatomical variations of renal arteries and veins between males and females ( P=0.914 and P=0.121). Among 420 kidneys, renal artery variation (174/420, 41.4%) was more common than renal vein variation (121/420, 28.8%) ( P<0.01). 32 (7.6%) right kidneys and 38 (9.0%) left kidneys have multiple renal arteries ( P=0.432). Eighty-nine cases (42.4%) had premature branches in the right renal artery, while 37 cases (17.6%) in the left kidney ( P<0.01). 24 kidneys (5.7%) showed mixed renal artery variation. 53 (12.6%) right kidneys and 3 (0.7%) left kidneys had multiple renal veins ( P<0.01). Late confluence of renal veins was found in 41 right kidneys (9.8%) and 33 left kidneys (7.9%), respectively ( P=0.306). 8 (1.9%) mixed renal vein variants were all right kidneys.. From the perspective of laparoscopic renal surgery, there were 71 cases (33.8%) of the left kidney to deal with ≥ 2 renal arteries, as well as 103 cases (49.1%) of the right kidney ( P<0.01). There were 44 cases (21.0%) of the left kidney to deal with ≥ 2 renal veins, as well as 78 cases (37.1%) of the right kidney ( P<0.01). Conclusions:The three-dimensional visualization technique based on renal CT data is helpful to accurately evaluate the renal vascular anatomy before operation. Right renal vascular variants are more common.

Objective: To analyze the detection rate of sleep problems such as sleep delay and deficiency in preschool children in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China,and to provide the reference for the standard of sleeping mode among preschool students. Methods: From October to November 2017, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 27 200 preschool children in 11 cities in Hubei, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China. Epidemiology of sleep delays, deficiencies and sleep patterns in preschool children was described. Results: The detection rate of sleep problems in preschool children in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was 15.3%. Taking the length of sleep and bedtime as the main analysis points, it was found that the average sleeping time point of each age group was 21:31, and the detection rate of bedtime delay was 86.5%. The average length of sleep was (10.60±1.12) hours. The detection rate of sleep deprivation in preschool children was 15.7%. Sleep delay was positively correlated with girls, age increase and parents’ higher educational level (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with living in the city, non-only child and bedroom without TV (P<0.01) .The detection rate of sleep deprivation was positively correlated with children of high age group (4yearold group：OR=1.32，95%CI=1.19-1.46；5-year-old group：OR=2.10，95%CI=1.91-2.32；6-year-old group：OR=2.47，95%CI=2.20-2.77)(P<0.01), and negatively correlated with no TV in bedroom (OR=0.91，95%CI=0.84-0.98) and no light in sleep (OR=0.87，95%CI=0.78-0.97)(P<0.05). Conclusion Preschool children sleep delay and sleep deprivation and other sleep problems are more prominent, affected by family environment and other factors.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis （AR） in Ningxia, and provide theoretical data for the prevention and treatment of AR in this region. Methods:A total of 1664 patients diagnosed with AR in the Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department of Yinchuan First People's Hospital Outpatient Clinic from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively collected. Use the allergen sIgE antibody detection kit （immunoblotting method） to detect inhalation and ingestion allergens in patients.Results: ①Among all AR patients, 1 158 cases were detected positive, resulting in the detection rate was 69.59%; ②The detection rate of inhalation allergen was 65.87%, and the detection rate of ingestion allergen was 19.83%; ③Mugwort was the most sensitive allergen, and 76.32% of the patients having a positive grade ≥3; ④Out of the patients, 294 cases （25.39%） were allergic to only one allergen, 244 cases （21.07%） were allergic to two allergens, and 620 cases （53.54%） were allergic to three or more allergens; ⑤During different seasons, the highest number of positive allergens detected was in the summer, with 968 cases （83.59%）. Mugwort was the main allergen during this season （69.01%）. After the COVID-19 epidemic, the total positive rate of sIgE tests in AR patients decreased compared to before, and the difference was statistically significant （P<0.001）; ⑥Mugwort, dog epithelium, mold combination, egg, peanut, soybean, Marine fish combination and fruit combination all showed statistically significant differences between different gender groups （P<0.05）; ⑦Common ragweed, mugwort, dust mite combination, cockroach, egg, milk, Marine fish combination, shrimp, fruit combination and nut combination all showed statistically significant differences among different age groups （P<0.05）; ⑧There were statistically significant differences in hay dust among different ethnic groups （P<0.05）. Conclusion:Artemisia argyi is the main allergen in Ningxia, and the distribution characteristics of different allergens are influenced by treatment season, the COVID-19 epidemic, gender, age, ethnicity, and other factors, showing certain distribution patterns and rules.
Allergens ; Artemisia ; COVID-19 ; Retrospective Studies ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; Skin Tests ; Humans ; Male ; Female