Objective To discuss the correlation between the leading style of lead nurses and nurses satisfaction degree with work of by applying managerial grid theory.Methods 300 nurses from 40 nursing units of 5 hospitals above class-two level were investigated with 3 kinds questionnaires.Results The number of head nurses who were considered to conduct with bureaucratic style reached 39.7%.Thosewith democratic style,parent style,autocratical style and indulgent style ranked the 2nd,3th,4th and 5th position respectively.In addition the leading styles were correlated with nurses'satisfaction degree with work,among which the democratic style gained the highest satisfaction degree of nurses.Conclusion The democratic leading style Was the most satisfying and it put forward new thinking and reference for futurenursing management.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the variation of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure and that of intracranial perfusion pressure during the process of increasing intracranial pressure.Methods Fourteen dogs were installed epidurally with latex sacculus to establish models of increased intracranial pressure. The degree of intracranial pressure and volume could be altered by changing the volume of fluid in the sacculus. During the process, pressure transducers were arranged to monitor and record the systematic blood pressure and the variation of the pressure of cerebral ventricle and lumbar subarachnoid space.Results With the continual increasement of intracranial pressure, the cerebral perfusion pressure decreased, and the cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure correspondingly increased. A positive linear relationship between the variation of intracranial pressure and that of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure and a negative linear relationship between the variation of cerebral perfusion pressure and that of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure were found.Conclusion During the experimental process of increased intracranial pressure, with the decrease of cerebral perfusion pressure , the cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure increases. The relationship of variations between them shows a negative linear one. It seems that in the circumstances when the autoregulation of cerebral vessel is injured, the variations of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure may produce some useful information as to the changes of intracranial blood flow.

Objective To study the changes of low-frequency-component of intracranial pressure (ICP) fluctuation during intracranial hypertension. Methods 15 healthy mongrel dogs were used to make models of intracranial hypertension by arranging latex sacculus epidurally.The different amount of normal that was injected into latex sacculus led to fluctuation of ICP and alteration of intracranial volume. The pressures in ventricle and lumbar spinal canal were recorded continuously by baroceptor, and the changes of low-frequency-component of ICP fluctuation were studied by frequency-spectrum analysis. Results After increase of intracranial pressure and volume,pulse wave (M wave) with its frequency at 0.1～0.2 Hz showed continually. Conclusion Emerge of M wave may reflect some decrease of intracranial compliance and the beginning of volume compensation failure.

Tu-Jia medicine is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).“San-Yuan doctrine”is the guiding ideology of Tu-Jia medicine, but there is no systematic exposition of its literature origin. This paper ar-gued that“San-Yuan doctrine”of Tu-Jia medicine was originated in the“San-Yuan”of Taoism. Its formation was closely related to the impact of Taoism and Tu-Jia culture, the understanding of human physiology and pathology in Tu-Jia medicine. This paper expounded the origin of“San-Yuan doctrine”, the guiding ideology of Tu-Jia medi-cine and Taoism culture through citing a number of theoretical bases. First of all, the concept of“San-Yuan”in Tu-Jia medicine originated in Taoism. Secondly, legends about the Lord Lao-Zi and Medicine King Bodhisattva in Tu-Jia medicine were closely related with Taoism. Moreover, there existed important links between Tu-Jia medicine and Taoist medicine. For example, both of them are aware of the importance of brain. The reason, I think, is firstly due to the penetration of Taoism in Tu-Jia culture. Taoism culture has a profound influence on Tu-Jia culture. Sec-ondly, the understanding of human physiology and disease in Tu-Jia medicine is closely related to“three”. There-fore, Tu-Jia medicine took“San-Yuan doctrine”as its own guiding ideology. It is of great significance to the study of ethnic minority medicine culture and inheriting its academic thoughts by the study of Tu-Jia medicine origin.

Background Researches showed that the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy play an important role in the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma.However,whether high pressure will lead to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy is not elucidated.Objective This study was conducted to explore whether elevated pressure can directly induce the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in cultured RGC-5 cells in vitro.Methods RGC-5 cells were exposed to self-made pressure device and treated by 0,20,40 and 60 mmHg pressure for four hours in pressurized bottles.RGC-5 cells were incubated simultaneously in sealed incubator bottles and served as normal control.The morphological changes of the cells were examined under the inverted phase-contrast microscope.The apoptosis percentages of the cells were detected by flow cytometry.Mitochondrial membrane potentials of the cells were assessed using the JC-1,a fluorescent dye.And the expressions of cytochrome C (Cyt-c),microtubule associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1 protein in the cells was detected by Western blot.Results Cultured cells showed fusiform shape in the normal control group and 0 mmHg group with more dendritic process.The cell density was obviously reduced and the number of dead cells was increased in the 20,40 and 60 mmHg groups.The apoptotic percentage was (15.69 ± 0.77)％,(15.77 ± 1.14)％,(18.30± 1.07) ％,(23.28 ± 1.33)％ and (34.47± 1.17)％ in the normal control group and 0,20,40 and 60 mmHg groups,respectively,showing a significant intergroup difference (F =150.90,P＜0.001),and the apoptotic percentage in the 40 mmHg group and 60 mmHg group was significantly increased in comparison with the normal control group (both at P＜0.01).The mitochondrial membrane potential was high in the normal control group and 0 mmHg group,with the reddish fluorescence in the cells,and the reddish fluorescence was weakened in the 20 mmHg group and 40 mmHg group.The lowing of mitochondrial membrane potential was seen in the 60 mmHg group,with the green fluorescence.Compared with the normal control group,the expression of Cyt-c,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 proteins in pressured groups was correspondingly increased (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions Elevated pressure induces the morphologic change of RGC-5 cells,results in mitochondrial membrane potential reduction and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effects of compound glycyrrhizin combined with halometasone cream on vitiligo.METHODS:95patients with vitiligo were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.64patients in treatment group had taken compound glycyrrhizin continuously for60days at a dose of1～3tablets with3times per day,meanwhile,0.05%halometasone cream had been used locally with2times per day.While31other patients in control group had only been treated with0.05%halometasone cream with2times per day for60days.RESULTS:The efficacy rate in treatment group was62.5%as compared with32.3%in control group,there existed significant difference between the two groups(P

Objective To assess the value of 18F-FDG PET-CT in monitoring early chemotherapy response in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL).Methods 56 patients with DLBCL received 18F-FDG PET-CT before and after 2 cycles of chemotherapy (CHOP or R-CHOP protocol).The patients were divided into 3 groups,including complete response group (30 cases),partial response group (18 cases) and no response group (8 cases).The x2 test was performed on comparison of complete remission rate and the t test on SUVmax.Results Complete remission rate of complete response group,partial response group and no response group were 93.33 ％ (28/30),66.67 ％ (12/18),and 12.50 ％ (1/8),respectively (x2 =21.62,P ＜ 0.005).Complete remission rate of complete response group was higher than that of partial response group (x 2 =4.00,P ＜ 0.05).Complete remission rates of complete response group and partial response group were higher than that of no response group (x2 =18.58,P ＜ 0.005; x2 =4.51,P ＜ 0.05).A significant difference was observed in SUVmax of partial response group before and after chemotherapy (17.18±4.68 vs 5.20±3.35,t =14.32,P ＜ 0.001) and no obvious difference was showed in SUVmax of no response group between before and after chemotherapy (16.63±6.49 vs 13.81±5.95,t =2.073 2,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion 18F-FDG PET-CT is very useful and helpful for predicting early chemotherapy response in DLBCL.

Objective To investigate the relationship between semen trace elements and sperm density and motility in male infer‐tile patients .Methods A total of 116 cases of male infertility patients recruited in this hospital from September 2013 to September 2014 were collected and divided into the sperm density anomaly group (59 cases)and sperm motility anomaly group(57 cases) .Other 56 cases of fertile healthy men were enrolled into the control group .Sperm density and motility were analyzed and levels of calcium , phosphorus ,magnesium ,copper ,icon and zinc were detected in seminal plasma .Results Seminal level of calcium ,phosphorus ,zinc and iron in sperm density anomaly group were significantly lower than those in the control group ,while the level of copper was higher than that in the control group ,had statistically significant differences (P<0 .05) .Seminal level of copper in sperm motility a‐nomaly group was higher than that in the control group ,while levels of zinc and iron were lower than those in the control group ,had statistically significant differences (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Sperm motility and density are significantly correlated with trace ele‐ments levels in seminal plasma .Routine determination of trace elements in seminal plasma in infertile men should be recommended , which could be helpful in fertility assessment and treatment .

Objective To reveal the influence of environmental factors on the active components in Scutellaria baicalensis through analyzing the data sampled from the herbal plants along the altitudinal gradient in mountainous region of Western Beijing.Methods In total 85 individuals of S.baicalensis herbs were collected and the surface soils under each of the plant were also sampled from eight different habitats,with an interval of about 100—150 m vertically ranging from 800 to 1 800 m in August through September,2007.The contents of active components in the herbal samples,namely baicalin,wogonoside,baicalein,wogonin,and oroxylin A were determined by HPLC.The organic matter and the total nitrogen contents in the soil samples were analyzed through standard measurement process.The various habitat conditions represented by temperature were estimated through a vertical lapse rate of-0.56 ℃/100 m,and those by precipitation and solar radiation calculated according to the isoline maps.Results The signi-ficant positive correlations were observed only between the contents of baicalin,wogonoside and the elevation.Both those two contents showed the significant negative correlations with the annual mean temperature and precipitation,while showed positive with annual mean solar radiation.No coorelation with any statistical significance was observed between the contents of active components in S.baicalensis and the soil parameters in this study.Conclusion It seems that the plants of S.baicalensis growing in a habitat with annual mean temperature within a range of 2—6 ℃ could concentrate relatively rich contents of active components.Within the natural distribution areas of S.baicalensis,the habitats with an annual tem-perature averaged at 3—4 ℃ tend to be the most fitting sites for growing best quality S.baicalensis rich in active components,and those sites are almost coincident with the environment for trueborn production area of traditional S.baicalensis herbs.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEPAD) in elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods To detect ankle brachial index (ABI) of 356 elderly patients with T2DM,and analyze whether risk factors had correlation with ABI.Results We found that age,systolic blood pressure,HbAlc,2-hours post-prandial (2hpp) plasma glucose had inverse correlation,yet 2hpp C-peptide plasma level,2-hpp insulin level had positive correlation with ABI by bivariate correlation test.Conclusions Age,systolic blood pressure,2hpp plasma glucose,2hpp C-peptide plasma level,2hpp insulin level were related with lower extremity arterial disease in the elderly with T2DM,among which age was the most important risk factor for LEPAD.