Objective To discuss the correlation between the leading style of lead nurses and nurses satisfaction degree with work of by applying managerial grid theory.Methods 300 nurses from 40 nursing units of 5 hospitals above class-two level were investigated with 3 kinds questionnaires.Results The number of head nurses who were considered to conduct with bureaucratic style reached 39.7%.Thosewith democratic style,parent style,autocratical style and indulgent style ranked the 2nd,3th,4th and 5th position respectively.In addition the leading styles were correlated with nurses'satisfaction degree with work,among which the democratic style gained the highest satisfaction degree of nurses.Conclusion The democratic leading style Was the most satisfying and it put forward new thinking and reference for futurenursing management.

Background Researches showed that the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy play an important role in the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in glaucoma.However,whether high pressure will lead to mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy is not elucidated.Objective This study was conducted to explore whether elevated pressure can directly induce the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy in cultured RGC-5 cells in vitro.Methods RGC-5 cells were exposed to self-made pressure device and treated by 0,20,40 and 60 mmHg pressure for four hours in pressurized bottles.RGC-5 cells were incubated simultaneously in sealed incubator bottles and served as normal control.The morphological changes of the cells were examined under the inverted phase-contrast microscope.The apoptosis percentages of the cells were detected by flow cytometry.Mitochondrial membrane potentials of the cells were assessed using the JC-1,a fluorescent dye.And the expressions of cytochrome C (Cyt-c),microtubule associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) and Beclin-1 protein in the cells was detected by Western blot.Results Cultured cells showed fusiform shape in the normal control group and 0 mmHg group with more dendritic process.The cell density was obviously reduced and the number of dead cells was increased in the 20,40 and 60 mmHg groups.The apoptotic percentage was (15.69 ± 0.77)％,(15.77 ± 1.14)％,(18.30± 1.07) ％,(23.28 ± 1.33)％ and (34.47± 1.17)％ in the normal control group and 0,20,40 and 60 mmHg groups,respectively,showing a significant intergroup difference (F =150.90,P＜0.001),and the apoptotic percentage in the 40 mmHg group and 60 mmHg group was significantly increased in comparison with the normal control group (both at P＜0.01).The mitochondrial membrane potential was high in the normal control group and 0 mmHg group,with the reddish fluorescence in the cells,and the reddish fluorescence was weakened in the 20 mmHg group and 40 mmHg group.The lowing of mitochondrial membrane potential was seen in the 60 mmHg group,with the green fluorescence.Compared with the normal control group,the expression of Cyt-c,LC3-Ⅱ and Beclin-1 proteins in pressured groups was correspondingly increased (all at P＜0.05).Conclusions Elevated pressure induces the morphologic change of RGC-5 cells,results in mitochondrial membrane potential reduction and mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis and autophagy.

Tu-Jia medicine is an important part of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).“San-Yuan doctrine”is the guiding ideology of Tu-Jia medicine, but there is no systematic exposition of its literature origin. This paper ar-gued that“San-Yuan doctrine”of Tu-Jia medicine was originated in the“San-Yuan”of Taoism. Its formation was closely related to the impact of Taoism and Tu-Jia culture, the understanding of human physiology and pathology in Tu-Jia medicine. This paper expounded the origin of“San-Yuan doctrine”, the guiding ideology of Tu-Jia medi-cine and Taoism culture through citing a number of theoretical bases. First of all, the concept of“San-Yuan”in Tu-Jia medicine originated in Taoism. Secondly, legends about the Lord Lao-Zi and Medicine King Bodhisattva in Tu-Jia medicine were closely related with Taoism. Moreover, there existed important links between Tu-Jia medicine and Taoist medicine. For example, both of them are aware of the importance of brain. The reason, I think, is firstly due to the penetration of Taoism in Tu-Jia culture. Taoism culture has a profound influence on Tu-Jia culture. Sec-ondly, the understanding of human physiology and disease in Tu-Jia medicine is closely related to“three”. There-fore, Tu-Jia medicine took“San-Yuan doctrine”as its own guiding ideology. It is of great significance to the study of ethnic minority medicine culture and inheriting its academic thoughts by the study of Tu-Jia medicine origin.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the variation of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure and that of intracranial perfusion pressure during the process of increasing intracranial pressure.Methods Fourteen dogs were installed epidurally with latex sacculus to establish models of increased intracranial pressure. The degree of intracranial pressure and volume could be altered by changing the volume of fluid in the sacculus. During the process, pressure transducers were arranged to monitor and record the systematic blood pressure and the variation of the pressure of cerebral ventricle and lumbar subarachnoid space.Results With the continual increasement of intracranial pressure, the cerebral perfusion pressure decreased, and the cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure correspondingly increased. A positive linear relationship between the variation of intracranial pressure and that of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure and a negative linear relationship between the variation of cerebral perfusion pressure and that of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure were found.Conclusion During the experimental process of increased intracranial pressure, with the decrease of cerebral perfusion pressure , the cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure increases. The relationship of variations between them shows a negative linear one. It seems that in the circumstances when the autoregulation of cerebral vessel is injured, the variations of cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure may produce some useful information as to the changes of intracranial blood flow.

Objective To study the changes of low-frequency-component of intracranial pressure (ICP) fluctuation during intracranial hypertension. Methods 15 healthy mongrel dogs were used to make models of intracranial hypertension by arranging latex sacculus epidurally.The different amount of normal that was injected into latex sacculus led to fluctuation of ICP and alteration of intracranial volume. The pressures in ventricle and lumbar spinal canal were recorded continuously by baroceptor, and the changes of low-frequency-component of ICP fluctuation were studied by frequency-spectrum analysis. Results After increase of intracranial pressure and volume,pulse wave (M wave) with its frequency at 0.1～0.2 Hz showed continually. Conclusion Emerge of M wave may reflect some decrease of intracranial compliance and the beginning of volume compensation failure.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the therapeutic effects of compound glycyrrhizin combined with halometasone cream on vitiligo.METHODS:95patients with vitiligo were randomly divided into treatment group and control group.64patients in treatment group had taken compound glycyrrhizin continuously for60days at a dose of1～3tablets with3times per day,meanwhile,0.05%halometasone cream had been used locally with2times per day.While31other patients in control group had only been treated with0.05%halometasone cream with2times per day for60days.RESULTS:The efficacy rate in treatment group was62.5%as compared with32.3%in control group,there existed significant difference between the two groups(P

This study successfully established in v itro model of Alzheimerˊs disease ( AD ) in order to investigate effects and mechanisms on AD by Bushen-Huatan-Yizhi Recipe (BSHTYZR, replenishing kidney-essence and removing phlegm to benefit wisdom ) . The PC-12 cells affected by Aβ1-42 incubated were produced for neuron cell model of AD . Then , they were intervened by the serum containing BSHTYZR , which were compared to the serum containing indomethacin . The cell morphology was observed . The neuronal survival was assessed by counting MTT assay . The expression of APP mRNA was detected with RT-PCR . And the protective effect of BSHTYZR on neuronal cells and neurotoxic effects of anti-Aβ was observed . The results showed that 2 . 5 mmol/L Aβ1-42 can significantly decrease the cell viability . The RT-PCR was used on semi-quantitative analysis for expression of APPmRNA. It showed that expression of APP mRNA was increased in each group, and the BSHTYZR group can reduce the expression significantly ( P < 0 . 01 ) . It was concluded that the BSHTYZR method can protect nerve cells , suppress the expression of APP mRNA , and reduce the toxic effects .

Objective:This study was conducted to investigate Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in gastric cancer in Wuwei ar-ea of Gansu province (China) and the roles of miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 in EBV-associated gastric carcinomas (EBVaGC). Meth-ods:Tissue microarray technique, immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization were performed to detect the expression of EBV-en-coded small RNAs (EBERs), miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2, in gastric cancer tissues (n=120) and the corresponding adjacent tissues (n=120). Results:The positive rate of EBV was 10.0% in 120 cases of gastric cancer tissues. EBVaGC was not significantly associated with lymph node metastasis and developed most often in the cardia and body (P<0.05). The differences in the positive rates of miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 in 120 cases of gastric cancer tissues and corresponding adjacent tissues were significant (P<0.05). The differences in the positive rates of miR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 in 12 cases of EBVaGC and in 108 cases of EBV-negative gastric can-cer (EBVnGC) tissues were significant (P<0.05). The infection of EBV in gastric cancer tissues was positively related to miR-101 ex-pression. By contrast, miR-101 expression was negatively related to lymph node metastasis and expression of COX-2 and EZH2 in EB-VaGC tissues (P<0.05). Conclusion:EBV infection was related to gastric cancer in Wuwei area of Gansu province. EBVaGC and EB-VnGC have significant differences in lymph node metastasis and in the location of cancer. MiR-101, EZH2, and COX-2 were related to the development of EBVaGC.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (LEPAD) in elderly patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods To detect ankle brachial index (ABI) of 356 elderly patients with T2DM,and analyze whether risk factors had correlation with ABI.Results We found that age,systolic blood pressure,HbAlc,2-hours post-prandial (2hpp) plasma glucose had inverse correlation,yet 2hpp C-peptide plasma level,2-hpp insulin level had positive correlation with ABI by bivariate correlation test.Conclusions Age,systolic blood pressure,2hpp plasma glucose,2hpp C-peptide plasma level,2hpp insulin level were related with lower extremity arterial disease in the elderly with T2DM,among which age was the most important risk factor for LEPAD.

Objective To explore changes in circulating endothelial cells(CECs)numbers in neonatal hypoxemia and its clinical significance.Methods Hladovec method was used to measure the quantity of CECs in 40 cases of neonatus with different degree of hypoxemia(hypoxemia group),and 20 matched healthy newborns were enrolled as control group.Results The numbers of CECs in hypoxemia group were much more than those in control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Meanwhile,there were significant differences in CECs numbers between moderate group and mild group(t =13.43,P <0.05),as well as moderate group and severe group(t=7.698,P <0.05).Conclusion The quantity of circulating ECEs in hypoxic neonatus is correlated with the hy-poxic severity,which may be used as early diagnostic indicator for hypoxemia,and could provide new scientific evidences for early diagnosis,illness judgment and curative effect evaluation.