Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics, diagnostic key points, and treatment strategies of penile metastatic extramedullary plasmacytoma(EMP). Case Report A 47-year-old male patient presented with a painless indurated nodule on the dorsal side of the penis and had a previous history of plasmacytoma in the nasal cavity and tibia. He subsequently underwent complete excision of the penile lesion. Postoperative histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of anaplastic plasmacytoma. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positive staining of CD138, CD38, MUM1, and CD79a, with Ki-67(+60%). Light chain restriction was also identified. No local recurrence or distant metastasis was observed during the 5-month follow-up. Conclusion Metastatic EMP of the penis is an extremely rare condition, and the diagnosis relies on pathological examinations combined with immunohistochemical analysis. Surgical resection can be an effective treatment modality for localized lesions;however, long-term follow-up is essential to monitor disease progression.

In this work, starting from 4-hydroxycoumarin, three series of 22 coumarin derivatives, among which 8 have not been reported in the literature, were synthesized and their in vitro anti-inflammatory activities and mechanisms of action were preliminarily investigated using mouse macrophage model. The results showed that most of the derivatives could significantly inhibit the production of pro-inflammatory factor NO, with compounds 2e, 2f, 2g, 2h, 2i, 2j, 4e, and 4f showing better anti-inflammatory activity than the positive control drug dexamethasone. Further experiments showed that compounds 2h and 4f significantly inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β in RAW264.7 macrophages, and could, therefore, be used as lead compounds for further studies.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and impact on psycho-behavioral as-pects of sublingual immunotherapy with dermatophagoides farinae drops in children with multiple al-lergies and young-age allergic rhinitis(AR).Methods A total of 139 children with AR sensitized to mites who were treated at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospec-tively selected.Based on the types of allergens,they were divided into single-allergen group and mul-tiple-allergen group,and into young-age group(≤4 years old)and older-age group(＞4 years old)according to age.Visual Analogue Scale(VAS),Total Nasal Symptom Score(TNSS),Child Behav-ior Checklist(CBCL)score,and serum total immunoglobulin E(IgE)levels were compared before treatment and at 6 and 12 months after treatment.Results A total of 123 children completed one-year of sublingual immunotherapy and clinical observation.Compared with pre-treatment,the VAS scores,TNSS,and serum total IgE concentrations of children decreased at 6 and 12 months after desensitization treatment.Moreover,the VAS scores,TNSS,and serum total IgE concentrations at 12 months of treatment were lower than those at 6 months(P＜0.05).Compared with pre-treatment,after 12 months of desensitization treatment,the scores of social withdrawal,anxiety/depression,somatic complaints,and hyperactivity items in children decreased(P＜0.05).After 6 and 12 months of desensitization treatment,the VAS scores and TNSS in the multiple-allergen group were lower than those in the single-allergen group(P＜0.05).Compared with pre-treatment,the serum total IgE concentrations in both the single-allergen group and the multiple-allergen group decreased at 6 and 12 months after treatment,with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Before treat-ment,the serum total IgE concentration in the older-age group was higher than that in the young-age group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Sublingual immunotherapy can achieve significant efficacy in chil-dren with multiple allergies and young-age(≤4 years old)AR,and shows better efficacy in chil-dren with multiple allergies.Meanwhile,this treatment is also beneficial for reducing the occurrence of psycho-behavioral problems in children,especially for improving hyperactive behavior.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for the detection of low-level mosaicisms in amniotic fluid samples, and to retrospectively analyze the rare cases of mosaicisms. METHODS: Chromosomal karyotype of the fetus was determined by G-banding analysis of cultured amniotic fluid cells. CMA was used to detect copy number variation of fetal chromosomes, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to determine the proportion of fetal chromosomal mosaicisms in uncultured amniotic fluid cells. RESULTS: Among 825 prenatal samples, 4 cases of true fetal mosaicisms were detected, which yielded an incidence of 0.48%. Two cases were sex chromosomal mosaicisms, and two were autosomal mosaicisms, which involved chromosomes 8 and 9, respectively. All cases were verified by G-banding analysis of cultured amniotic fluid cells, CMA, and/or FISH. CONCLUSION CMA has a great value for detecting low-level mosaicisms in amniotic fluid samples, though the positive results need to be verified by other techniques and should be interpreted with caution. The review of rare cases can provide a basis for prenatal genetic counseling.
Humans ; Female ; Amniotic Fluid/metabolism* ; Pregnancy ; Mosaicism/embryology* ; Prenatal Diagnosis/methods* ; Adult ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Microarray Analysis/methods* ; Karyotyping ; Retrospective Studies ; Male

Objective To explore the changes and influencing factors in patients' gastrointestinal symptoms and food tolerance before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy(LSG),and to provide a reference for the development of targeted gastrointestinal symptoms management program.Methods A convenience sampling method was used to select 125 patients who underwent LSG in the bariatric and metabolic surgery department of a tertiary-level hospital in Xuzhou City from June to November 2023 for a prospective observational study.The general information questionnaire,food tolerance questionnaire and Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale(GSRS)were used to investigate at preoperative,3 months after surgery,and 6 months after surgery.Two-factor repeated measures variance analysis and generalized linear mixed model(GLMM)was used to analyze the influencing factors of gastrointestinal symptoms.Results 116 valid questionnaires were collected,and the GSRS scores of LSG patients at 3 time points were 21.67±5.80,23.28±4.33,and 21.22±3.18 respectively;the incidence rates of food intolerance were 0,32.75％,and 28.45％respectively.The patients' symptoms of bowel sounds,dysphagia,constipation,and dry stool were worse after surgery than before surgery(all P＜0.05),and the symptoms of bad breath,diarrhea,loose stools,and the need to defecate immediately were alleviated compared with symptoms before surgery(all P＜0.05).GLMM results showed that short meal times,poor food tolerance,and high school/technical secondary school education were risk factors for increasing gastrointestinal symptoms(all P＜0.05).Conclusion LSG could increase the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms such as dysphagia,dyspepsia,constipation and food intolerance.Medical staff should pay attention to the assessment of gastrointestinal symptoms in LSG patients,especially for patients with short meal time and poor food tolerance,strengthen postoperative follow-up,build targeted treatment and care plan,and prevent and reduce such uncomfortable symptoms.

Objective To observe the value of MRI radiomics model for predicting postoperative prognosis of moderate carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS).Methods A total of 126 patients with moderate CTS who underwent endoscopic release and fat-suppressed proton density weighted imaging(PDWI)before operation were retrospectively enrolled.The patients were divided into good prognosis group(n=80)and poor prognosis group(n=46)based on postoperative functional evaluation,also randomly divided into training set and validation set at a ratio of 7∶3.Volume of interest(VOI)of the median nerve was obtained through delineating ROI of the affected wrist on fat suppressed PDWI.Radiomics features were extracted,and those associated with postoperative prognosis of CTS were screened in training set.Clinical prediction model,radiomics model and combined model of these two were established,and the predictive efficacy of the models were evaluated and compared according to the area under the curve(AUC)of receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.Results Patients in poor prognosis group were older than in good prognosis group(P＜0.05).A clinical model was constructed based on age.The radiomics model was constructed based on 6 radiomics features associated with postoperative prognosis of CTS,with predictive efficacy(AUC=0.872)higher than that of clinical model(AUC=0.604,P＜0.05)but not significantly different with that of the combined model(AUC=0.905,P＞0.05).Conclusion MRI radiomics model could be used to effectively predict postoperative prognosis of moderate CTS.

Objective This study aimed to investigate the relationship between multiple inflammatory markers and poor outcome in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage,and to compare their predictive abilities.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage admitted to the Department of Neurology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 1,2015 to March 31,2023.According to the Modified Rankin Scale at 90 days after onset,the patients were divided into good outcome(mRS≤2 points)and poor outcome(mRS score≥3 points).Clinical information,laboratory examinations and follow-up data were compared between the two groups.Inflammatory markers include neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio(NLR),platelet to lymphocyte ratio(PLR),monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio(MHR),systemic inflammatory response index(SIRI),systemic immune-inflammation index(SII),white blood cell count to mean platelet volume ratio(WMR),lymphocyte to monocyte ratio(LMR),and systemic coagulation-inflammation index(SCI).Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the predictors of poor prognosis after intracerebral hemorrhage,and receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was constructed to compare their predictive ability.Results A total of 510 patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were included.Of those,297(58.2%)had good outcome,and 213(41.8%)had poor outcome.Comparison of baseline characteristics demonstrated that patients with poor prognosis had higher levels of white blood cells,neutrophils,high-density lipoprotein,fibrinogen,NLR,PLR,SIRI,SII,WMR at admission,larger baseline hematoma volume and baseline perihematomal edema volume,a higher proportion of lobar hemorrhage,older age,and lower levels of platelets,lymphocytes,LMR,and SCI(P<0.05).Multivariate regression analysis showed that NLR(OR:1.081,95%CI:1.032～1.1131,P=0.001),SIRI(OR:1.089,95%CI:1.014～1.169,P=0.019),SII(OR:1.000,95%CI:1.000～1.001,P=0.011),WMR(OR:2.627,95%CI:1.267～5.445,P=0.009)were independently associated with poor prognosis in patients with ICH.In ROC analysis,the area under the curve of NLR(0.729,95%CI:0.685～0.774)was higher than SIRI(0.692,95%CI:0.645～0.738),SII(0.688,95%CI:0.641～0.735)and WMR(0.65,95%CI:0.602～0.698)for predicting poor outcomes.Conclusion NLR,SIRI,SII and WMR at admission are independently associated with poor outcomes in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage,and NLR has the strongest predictive ability.

Objective:To assess the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) for the detection of low-level mosaicisms in amniotic fluid samples, and to retrospectively analyze the rare cases of mosaicisms.Methods:Chromosomal karyotype of the fetus was determined by G-banding analysis of cultured amniotic fluid cells. CMA was used to detect copy number variation of fetal chromosomes, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was used to determine the proportion of fetal chromosomal mosaicisms in uncultured amniotic fluid cells. Results:Among 825 prenatal samples, 4 cases of true fetal mosaicisms were detected, which yielded an incidence of 0.48%. Two cases were sex chromosomal mosaicisms, and two were autosomal mosaicisms, which involved chromosomes 8 and 9, respectively. All cases were verified by G-banding analysis of cultured amniotic fluid cells, CMA, and/or FISH.Conclusion:CMA has a great value for detecting low-level mosaicisms in amniotic fluid samples, though the positive results need to be verified by other techniques and should be interpreted with caution. The review of rare cases can provide a basis for prenatal genetic counseling.

Objective To evaluate the patterns of sleep duration by integrating nocturnal and daytime sleep,and to explore their asso-ciations with activities of daily living(ADL)in middle-aged and older adults.Methods The data of sleep and ADL were obtained from 11 085 subjects aged 45 and older,which were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS).At enrollment in 2011,data on nocturnal and daytime sleep duration were collected through questionnaires.Firstly,subjects were divided into three groups based on the 33rd and 66th percentiles of nocturnal sleep duration,assigned scores of 1,2 and 3,respectively.Subsequently,subjects were divided into three groups based on the 33rd and 66th percentiles of daytime sleep du-ration,assigned scores of 3,2 and 1,respectively.Finally,the scores for nocturnal and daytime sleep were summed to create a total sleep score ranging from 2 to 6.A total sleep score of 6 was defined as sleep duration pattern 1,indicating a longer nocturnal sleep duration with no or shorter daytime sleep duration.Similarly,total sleep scores of 5,4,3 and 2 were defined as sleep duration patterns 2,3,4 and 5,respectively,with sleep duration pattern 5 indicating a shorter nocturnal sleep duration and a longer daytime sleep duration.The status of ADL was assessed using the Activities of Daily Living Scale(Katz edition)at baseline and during follow-up in 2013,2015 and 2018.The association between sleep duration patterns and the risk of ADL disability was evaluated us-ing a Cox proportional hazards model.Results A total of 63 015 person-years were followed,with 11 085 subjects,during which 3 239 individuals experienced ADL disability.The 33rd and 66th percentiles of the nocturnal sleep duration in the study population were 6.00 hours and 7.00 hours,respectively;while the 33rd and 66th percentiles of the daytime sleep duration were 0.00 hours and 1.00 hours,respectively.Of those,1 522 were classified into sleep duration pattern 1,2 196 into sleep duration pattern 2,4 299 into sleep duration pattern 3,2 304 into sleep duration pattern 4,and 764 into sleep dura-tion pattern 5.Compared to sleep duration pattern 1,the risk of ADL disability of patterns 3,4 and 5 were higher(P<0.05),with P-value for the trend less than 0.001,after adjusting for age,sex,body mass index,marital sta-tus,educational level,residence,smoking,drinking,history of chronic diseases,depression status and season.No interaction effect between gender,age and season,and sleep duration patterns was observed(P>0.05).Com-pared to subjects with nocturnal sleep duration≥9 hours and daytime sleep duration<2 hours,those with noctur-nal sleep duration<7 hours and daytime sleep duration≥2 hours had a higher risk of ADL disability(P<0.05).Conclusion Older adults who sleep less at night but take longer naps during the day are at a higher risk of experiencing limitations in their ADL.Sleep patterns may influence ADL among middle-aged and older populations,and man-aging their sleep duration patterns could help prevent the onset of ADL limitations.