Surfactants are employed widely in household and industryial products wordwide.Everyday millions pounds surfactants and their products are dispersed into soil, water, food and human body that posing a threat to human health. The paper expatiated on the topic that the threats of surfactants on food safety with arguments as: acute toxicity, genetic toxicity, estrogenic effects, bioconcentrate and so on. At last, the article emphasized it is essential to have comprehensive study on the surfactants toxicity and influence on food safety.

BACKGROUND:Studies have found abnormalities in the biological activity and cytokine levels of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from psoriasis patients, while the biological activity of skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels from psoriasis lesions is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the influences of skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels from psoriasis lesions on T cel proliferation
METHODS:After isolation and culture, skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels from psoriasis lesions and normal controls were separately co-cultured with peripheral blood T cels. T cel proliferation was detected using MTT assay,andlevels of epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor β1 in cel supernatant determined using ELISA method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels frombothpsoriasis lesions and normal controls significantly inhibited T cel proliferation (P< 0.05). Furthermore, skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels from psoriasis lesions exhibited a weaker inhibitory effect on T cel proliferation than normal skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels (P< 0.05). Skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels from psoriasis lesions significantly increased epidermal growth factor but reduced transforming growth factor β1 compared with the normal skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels (P< 0.05). In conclusion, maybe the imbalances of growth factor levels due to skin injury elicit a decrease in the inhibitory effect of skin-derived mesenchymal stem cels from psoriasis lesions on T lymphocytes.

Objective To investigate the sleep architecture in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB),and study the sleep architecture and cognitive functions in DLB.Methods We described polysomnography (PSG) findings in 34 consecutive subjects diagnosed with DLB.All the patients underwent Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE),Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA),Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) to quantify cognitive functions.Results (1)Sleep architecture analysis:DLB group compared to normal control group,the sleep period time (SPT) was reduced (P ＜ 0.05),total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) were decreased,total wake time (TWT) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were increased,1 non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep (TS1),2NREM sleep (TS2),total NREM sleep (TNREMS),and REM sleep (TREMS) time were significantly decreased (P ＜0.01).(2)The DLB patients were divided into groups based on MMSE,MoCA,qnd CDR scores,the sleep architecture of each group was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with DLB exists sleep architecture disorder.The cognitive functions and sleep architecture changes in patients with DLB have no obvious correlation.It is different from other degenerative dementia.

Objective In order to evaluate that whether Pluronic P85 coated poly(butylcyanoacrylate) nanoparti-cles was able to deliver antiepileptic drug phenytoin into the brain va bypassing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE)-induced Pgp in a rat model of MTLE. Methods The rat model of MTLE, induced by li-pilocarpine, was divided in-to two groups (6 for nanoparticle drug group and 7 for PHT drug group). Immunohistochemistry assay was performed to detect Pgp expression at the hippocampus. Nanoparticles were prepared by interfacial polymerization method. Dialysate samples of brain were collected at 30, 60, 120, 180, 240 and 300 min after drug administration by microdialysis tech-nology. Samples were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results The area under the curve (AUC) ratio of brain/plasma in Nanoparticle drug group was 0.370.10 which was significantly higher compared with 0.190.06 in conventional PHT drug group (P<0.05). The Pgp immunopositive area, as assessed by analysis of labeled surface area, was higher in the DG, CA3 and CA1 sector in the hippocampus of MTLE rats when compared to the normal rats. Conclusions Pluronic P85 coated PBCA nanoparticles can significantly deliver PHT into brain via bypassing MTLE-induced Pgp in a rat model of MTLE.

Objective To explore the dosimetric advantages of computed tomography-based and ultrasound-guided three-dimensional image-quided brachytherapy (3D-IGBT) combined with intracavitary/interstitial (IC/IS) brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer.Methods A total of 45 patients with FIGO (2009) stage ⅠB2-ⅣA locally advanced cervical cancer who received radical external beam radiotherapy and 3D-IGBT combined with IC/IS brachytherapy in our hospital from 2013 to 2014 were analyzed.After the treatment with 192Ir-based IC/IS brachytherapy,patients had needles removed from the original images and received treatment only from IC radiation sources.Dosimetric differences in the planning D90 for high-risk clinical target volume (HR-CTV),D90 for intermediate-risk CTV (IR-CTV),and D2 cm3 for the bladder,rectum,sigmoid colon,and small intestines were determined and analyzed by paired t-test.Results A total of 260 after-loading treatment plans,including IC/IS treatment plans for 130 patients and IC treatment plans for 130 patients,were made.The D90 for HR-CTV and D90 for IR-CTV in the IC/IS brachytherapy group were significantly higher than those in the IC brachytherapy group (P =0.000;P =0.000).Moreover,the average D2cm3 values for the bladder and rectum were significantly reduced in the IC/IS brachytherapy group compared with those in the IC brachytherapy group (P =0.000;P =0.006).Conclusions The 3D-IGBT combined with IC/IS brachytherapy not only achieves a higher dose for the target volume,but also reduces the radiation dose to the bladder and rectum in the treatment of locally advanced cervical cancer.

Objective To explore the effects of integrated treatment model (psychosocial interventions combined with drug therapy) in schizophrenia and analyze the influence of medication attitude on treatment compliance and psychiatric symptoms in different intervention models.Methods A total of 170 patients with schizophrenia were enrolled from 2012 to 2015.Patients were randomly divided into two groups:the integrated treatment group (86 patients) with drug therapy and psychosocial intervention,and the conventional drug treatment group (84 patients) with only drug intervention.Dug attitude inventory (DAI),self-awareness inventor (SAI),positive and negative symptoms scale (PANSS) were used to assess medication attitude,treatment compliance and clinical psychotic symptoms for all patients in the following 3 months,6 months and 12 months.Results Compared with medication-alone group,the integrated treatment group achieved significant improvement in psychiatric symptoms,including positive symptom and general psychopathology as well as significant reduction in scores in DAI and SAI (P＜0.05).In the conventional drug treatment group,the PANSS score was positively correlated with the increased score of DAI (β=0.31,P=0.02),which was mediated by the improvement in treatment adherence (β=0.18,P=0.18).There was no significant correlation between PANSS score and the increase score of DAI in the integrated treatment group(P=0.62).However,the increased score of SAI was positively correlated with the positive symptom of PANSS scale (r=0.31,P=0.01) and with the general psychiatric symptom scale (r=0.36,P＜0.01).Conclusion This study demonstrates that medication attitude can improve the treatment of mental symptoms by increasing compliance in the medication-only group.Symptom improvement is associated with improved compliance but not with medication attitudes in the integrated treatment model.

Objective To investigate the effects of ketamine and propofol on cardiovascular system and cognitive function in the patients with depression during the modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT). Methods A total of 60 patients with depression treated by MECT were randomly divided into 2 groups. Induced anesthesia with ketamine and propofol were performed respectively during MECT. The course of treatment was 8 times. The mean arterial pressure(MAP)was recorded before therapy and at 5 min after MECT.Depression and the cognitive function were evaluated by using the Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)and the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST)before treatment and 1 day after treatment. Results There was no significant difference in MAP between the two groups after MECT(P > 0.05). The HAMD scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment(P<0.05). In the total number of errors and the number of random errors,there was no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). But in completing classification of WCST ,the ketamine group was better than the propofol group(P<0.05). Conclusion Propofol has no obvious influence on the cognition function and little influence on MAP,so it could be the first choice of anaesthetic for the induction of MECT.

Objective We aimed to use 1H-MRS to characterize metabolite concentrations in the bilateral hippo?campus in GPI patient. Methods Metabolite ratios in the bilateral hippocampus were compared between patients with GPI (n=52) and Normal Control (NC) (n=38). Clinical neurological tests were measured in all subjects and were correlat?ed to the metabolite concentrations. Results The GPI patients showed significantly lower concentrations of N-acetylas?partate(NAA)/creatine(Cr) ratios in the bilateral hippocampus region compared to the NC subjects. There was significant?ly difference in the NAA/Cr ratios between the mild GPI dementia and the severe GPI dementia groups on the left hippo?campus region. We found that the NAA/Cr ratios concentrations were positively correlated with Mini Mental state Exami?nation (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scale (MoCA) scores in the left hippocampus region and the mI/Cr ra?tios concentrations were positively correlated. Conclusions GPI Patients have neuronal dysfunction in the bilateral hippo?campus. The severity of cognitive impairments is associated with the severity of the damage in the left side.

Objective To investigate the implementation of the system of older pregnant women prenatal ultrasound screening for the diagnosis and clinioal significance.Methods Clinical data from March 2004 to April 2009 a total of 10 630 cases of pregnant women receiving prenatal ultrasound examination of fetal malformation data,of which 712 cases of advanced maternal age( expected date of birth aged≥35 years) to implement the system of prenatal ultrasound screening and follow-up of all maternal age pregnancy outcome,the final post-natal diagnosis of fetal malformations in the standard,both young women screened as a control group for comparison to assess the value of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis.Results 712 cases of advanced maternal age,prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal malformations in 32 cases,abnormalities occur in approximately 4.49％,single abnormal in 15 cases,complex deformity in 17 cases,missed 4 cases of malformation detection rate was 88.88％ (36/32).Control group,9918 cases of prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal malformations 243 cases,2.45％ incidence of deformity (243/9 918 ).Conclusion Older pregnant women,prenatal ultrasound screening for malformations occur in approximately 4.49％,higher than the detection rate with screening younger women 2.45％,of older pregnant women according to the results of prenatal diagnostic screening could be effective in reducing the birth rate of deformed children and the rate of misdiagnosis.