Insulinoma-glucagonoma clone 20 can express at least 6 isoforms in human cells.These isoforms can affect cell apoptosis and proliferation through apoptosis related signaling pathway,such as TRAIL or TNF signaling pathways.Furthermore,insulinoma-glucagonoma clone 20,as a GTP-GDP exchange factor,participates in the transportation of nerve synaptophysins.

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays essential roles in embryonic development and angiogenesis of a variety of diseases.In recent years,the neuroprotective effect of VEGF is increasingly receiving attention.The expression of VEGF is upregulated during hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease.It plays a protective role in cerebral hemorrhage,but its role is controversial in subarachnoid hemorrhage.The relationship between VEGF and hemorrhagic cerebrovascular disease is both close and complex.More research is needed to clarify the relationship between them and to provide new clinical ideas for the prevention and treatment of this kind of disease.

[Objective]To compare the reliability and value of clinical signs,MRI imaging and arthroscopy in management of meniscal tears in order to increase the diagnostic rate.[Method]A retrospective study was done on 176 cases undergoing MRI examination and arthroscopic treatment,and being diagnosed as meniscal injuries in knee joint by any one of the three clinical,MRI or arthroscopic examinations.Using arthroscopic diagnosis as the standard,the sensitivity,specificity.and overall accuracy of clinical diagnosis and MRI were then calculated respectively.Significant differences between arthroscopic diagnosis and clinical diagnosis or MRI diagnosis were analyzed using statistical method of Chi-square test.[Result]The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of clinical diagnosis were 79.3%,26.3% and 73.8% respectively.There was statistically significant difference between arthroscopic diagnosis and clinical diagnosis.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of MRI diagnosis were 94.1%,92.9% and 93.4% respectively.The difference between arthroscopic diagnosis and MRI diagnosis had no statistically significance and can be used as an important examination before knee arthroscopy.[Conclusion]MRI is a reliable,noninvasive diagnostic tool for meniscal tears and can be used as an important examination before knee arthros copy with MRI examination combining with the clinical signs,diagnotic rate of meniscal tears can be increased.Unnecessary arthroscopic therapy could be avoided.

Aquaporin4(AQP4),a member of the aquaporin family,is mainly expressed inastrocytes end-feet in the central nervous system. A large number of experimental studies have show n that AQP4 expression plays an important role in the occurrence, development, and regression of brain edema after different types of stroke. In addition, the AQP4 expression can affect the development process of cerebrovascular disease through the mechanisms such as affecting the integrity of the blood-brain barrier and promoting astrocyte migration, nerve regeneration, and neuroinflammatory response. Investigation of regulation mechanisms of AQP4 in transmembrane transport of substance in brain and intracel ular and extracel ular environmental balance and its expression in model of cerebrovascular disease have an important significance for understanding the occurrence, development, protection, and treatment of clinical cerebrovascular disease.

Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage is the most deadly type of stroke.Its 30-day mortality rate is nearly 40％.More than 30％ of patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage will have hematoma growth,which lead to poor outcomes.In addition to the classic predictors,some inaging signs also have important implications for identifying hematoma growth,such as swirl sign,blend sign,and black hole sign on nonenhanced CT scans,extravasation sign on contrast-enhanced CT scans,spot sign on CT angiography,leak sign revealed by the modified imaging method,as well as the spot sign on CT peffusion imaging.

This article was aimed to study the correlation between iron content inCornus officinalis leaves and its yield as well as quality. The method of microwave digestion atomic absorption spectrophotometer was used to determine the content of iron element inCornus officinalis leaves. HPLC was used to determine the content of loganin and ursolic acid in fruits. Correlation analysis was made among the content of iron element, yield of fruits, loganin and ursolic acid in fruits. The results showed that iron element in leaves of different yield level cornus officinalis was different. It also had some correlation with yield and quality of fruits. It was concluded that the research can improve relations of source-sink inCornus ofifcinalis, adjust source-sink balance, guide farmers to master the period of spraying iron fertilizer, and increase production and quality ofCornus ofifcinalis.

Objective To investigate the sleep architecture in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB),and study the sleep architecture and cognitive functions in DLB.Methods We described polysomnography (PSG) findings in 34 consecutive subjects diagnosed with DLB.All the patients underwent Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE),Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA),Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) to quantify cognitive functions.Results (1)Sleep architecture analysis:DLB group compared to normal control group,the sleep period time (SPT) was reduced (P ＜ 0.05),total sleep time (TST) and sleep efficiency (SE) were decreased,total wake time (TWT) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) were increased,1 non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep (TS1),2NREM sleep (TS2),total NREM sleep (TNREMS),and REM sleep (TREMS) time were significantly decreased (P ＜0.01).(2)The DLB patients were divided into groups based on MMSE,MoCA,qnd CDR scores,the sleep architecture of each group was no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Patients with DLB exists sleep architecture disorder.The cognitive functions and sleep architecture changes in patients with DLB have no obvious correlation.It is different from other degenerative dementia.

Objective To combine the active poly lactic co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanosperes with adriamycin in side (ADM-NP) on the surface of ultrasound micrbubbles in covalent bonding and to prepare a novel drug-loading ultrasound micrbubble,and observe the physicochemical property.To quantify drug encapsulation efficiency and drug-loading amounts and drug-release properties in vitro and the effect of tumor imaging.Methods ADM-NP were prepared with double emulsification method,The surface carboxyl of ADM-NP was activated with carbodiimide method.Amino ultrasound microbubbles (MB-NH2) were prepared with mechanical shaking.The carboxyl of ADM-NP and the MB-NH2 could take place condensation reaction under a certain condition.Light microscope was used to observe the shape and distribution of the novel micrbubble.High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to quantify drug encapsulation efficiency and drug loading amounts.This novel microbubbles were put in 2 dialysis bag to observe the releasing properties of ADM in vitro,and one of the bag was using low frequency ultrasound irradiation for 120 s.The effect of tumor imaging using this novel microbubble was observed.Results After 48 hours,a number of ADM-NP attacted to the MB-NH2 like a gar land.Determination of entrapment efficiency and drug loading of it by HPLC weare (86.11 ± 6.76)％ and (8.71 ± 0.46)％.The sustained release in vitro can last for more than 48 hours.More than 90％ of ADM encapsulated in the 2 groups was sustained released for 48 hours.And the release characteristics of the 2 groups in vitro was in accord with Higuchi equation,and no difference was observed in the 2 groups (P ＞0.05).The tumor showed typical enhancement pattems of quick wash-in and quick wash-out.Conclusions To combine the nanospheres to the surface of microbubbles with covalent bonding,it could prepare a novel efficient drug-loading microbubbles for a original technique of ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction(UTMD).