Serum calcium, magnesium, zinc, and copper were determined in 117 healthy pregnant women and their infants. Maternal and cord blood were collected at delivery and assayed by flame atomic absorption spectropho-tometry, and the data obtained were evaluated by regression analysis.The results suggested that the serum concentrations of calcium, magnesium, and zinc of maternal blood were significantly lower than that of cord blood. The concentrations of serum calcium and magnesium between maternal and cord blood were highly correlated, but not of serum zinc. The serum concentration of copper in maternal blood was significantly higher than that in cord blood, but there was nos ignificant correlation between them. The serum calcium of infants always maintained over 2.0mmol/L(8mg/dl), even when the serum calcium of pregnant women was lower than 2.0mmol/L (8mg/dl). This fact indicates that the fetus draw much calcium from mother for development, despite calcium in the mother being depleted.

The serum concentration of vitamin A (VA) and B-carotene were determined in 50 healthy pregnant women in the later trimesters and parturition, their newborns and 20 non-pregnant women. In the meantime the contents of placental tissues were determined too. The results showed; 1. The serum VA content(2.17 umol/L, 62ug/dl)of pregnant women in the later trimesters was higher than that of non-pregnant women (1.37umol/L, 39ug/dl), but it decreased immediately after delivery. 2. There was no significant def-ference of the serum B-carotene concentration between the pregnant women and non-pregnant women. 3. The cord blood VA and B-carotene contents were much lower than those of maternal blood. 4. The contents of B-caro-tene in placentas were 9.6 times as much as VA. 5. The efficiency of transport of B-carotene from maternal blood to placental tissue was higher than that of VA, and lower than that from placenta to cord blood.

Effects of different edible oils on lipid and lipld peroxidation and their correlation were studied in rats. The results showed: 1.The tea-seed oil and soybean oil exhibited a good potency of reducing serum TC and TG comparing with lard did. 2. The plasma LCAT activity in the lard feeding group (57.07 nmol/ml.h) was lower than that of groups consuming four different vegetable oils which produced similar LCAT activities (80.26-94.03 nmol/ml-h). 3. Lard increased liver lipid and promoted TG sediment in aorta, but lowered brain lipid level. 4. Of lipid peroxidation in serum, liver, heart and kidney, the rats fed lard exhibited a highest level, and tea-seed oil fed group was lower relatively soybean oil promoted tissue lipid peroxidation while rape-seed oil and Salad oil suppressed it. 5. After experiment, the SOD activity of erythrocyte increased in rats fed oils riched in monounsaturated fatty acid, and decreased in rats fed soybean oil and lard. 6. The results of linear correlation and regression analysis showed that there was a significant positive relationship between lipid peroxidation and lipid TC, TG) in serum and liver (P

The effects of chronic administration of technical benzene hexachloride on histological pattern of liver and kidney in rat and mixed function oxidase system of liver microsomes were studied. Administration of BHC brought about increase in the liver weight, vacuolar of hepatic cells and hydropic degeneration of the epithelial cells of the renal tubules. Through electromi-croscopic examination, we discovered that there were proliferation and expansion of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, swelling of the mitochondria in the cytoplasm in the liver cells and kidney cells and increase in the number of lysosome in the epithelial cells of the renal tubles.Administration of BHC stimulated an increase in the tissue storage and urinary excretion of ascorbic acid and induced mixed-function oxidase system of liver microsomes.Supplementation of L-ascorbic acid in high doses under the toxic conditions significantly improved pathological damage of the liver and kidney cells, decreased residuary amount of BHC in the tissue, and facilitated the induction of mixed-function oxidase system of liver microsomes by BHC.

This experiment was designed to study the relationship of vitamin A with the immunocompetence of rats. On the base of a vitamin A-deficient diet, the rats were supplemented with a dose of vitamin A acetate that was two times the requirement of rats for vitamin A. Furthermore we had observed the effect of carbamate pesticide-sevin on the immune system of rats at different diets for nine weeks in all (group A: basic diet supplemented with 400 IU vitamin A per 100g diet; group B: basic diet only; group C: basic diet with 400 IU vitamin A and 100mg sevin per 100g diet; group D: hasic diet with 100mg sevin per 100g diet). On the end of feeding, the levels of serum vitamin A were significantly lower in rats fed on vitamin A-deficient diets than in that supplemented with vitamin A, but there were no obvious signs of vitamin A deficiency and toxic symptoms of sevin in any animals. Supplement of vitamin A to basic diet increased the levels of total serum complements, enhanced the antibody response of the animals to sheep RBC, and decreased the activity of serum lysozyme. Sevin could inhibit the antibody response to sheep RBC at vitamin A-deficiency state, but not at well-nourished state of vitamin A.

Ocular signs and serum vitamin A concentration are commonly used tor the diagnosis of vitamin A deficiency. Recently, impression cytology was suggested as a method for early detection of vitamin A status. Twenty patients with normal eyes and digestive disease, and 111 children with normal eyes were evaluated by serum vitamin A concentration, relative-dose-response and conjunctival impression cytology test. About 90% of the patients with normal conjunctival impression cytology has normal vitamin A status. About 70% of the patients with abnormal conjunctival impression cytology has abnormal vitamin A status despite their seemingly normal clinical ocular examination, and so did the children. These results suggest that impression cytology can identify individuals with preclinical vitamin A deficiency.

Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; Radiation Tolerance ; Radiotherapy

The energy expenditure in the late stage of pregnancy was studied. The workers of three kinds including spinner, sewers and kindergartners were selected, and ten healthy pregnant women were matched to non-pregnant as subjects. Energy consumption was measured by indirect method and calculated from dietary survey. The results showed that the energy expenditure for spinner, sewer and kindergartner in pregnancy was 9.5474, 10.1253 and 8.7287 MJ/day, but for non-pregnant woman was 9.4453 10.1281 and 8.1567 MJ/day respectively. Calorie intake was 10.8910, 11.2424 and 9.9830 MJ/day for pregnant women, but 9.2215, 10.4474 and 8.6734 MJ/ day for the non-pregnant women respectively. The difference of energy consumptions between the pregnant and non-pregnant women was not significant, but the calorie intake for the pregnant women was signigicantly higher (0.8368 MJ/day) than the non-pregnant. According to the energy consumption, we recommend the calorie intakes in the late stage of pregnancy may increase 0.8368 MJ/day.