Thymosin ?1 is a multiple peptide of hormone and protein isolated from thymus gland,and it has many biological functions.It has been reported that it plays an important role in immune response,neuroendocrine modulation and gene expression.The article is to review the progress of thymosin ?1 and its mechanisms.

The etiology of Crohn's disease is not clear as yet,many evidences has shown that the dysfunction of the immune system is the internal cause of inflammation and tissue damage.It is identified that many immune diseases can be anticipated,monitored and therapeutic through detecting some specified serological markers.To identify some high specific sensitive and predictable markers and groups,the research of searching an ideal and non-incursive method for differentiating inflammatory bowel diseases from other disease is still undergoing.The current research of five serum immune markers that are usefulness in the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease are summarized.

Objective To observe the clinical effect and safety of platdet GP Ⅱb/Ⅲa receptor antagonist firofiban on acute coronary syndrome(ACS)patients with nO reflow after intevention procedure.Methods 48 ACS patients with no reflow were randomly divided into tirofiban group(n=26)and control group(n=22),the tirofiban group received intravenous tirofiban for 48-36homs,control group received nitroglycerin and urokinase.The rate of the TIMI grade offorward flow and the primary end pints(death,persistent myocardial isehemic and new onset myocardial infarction)and adverse reactions of drags were observed Resalts Tirofiban improved target vessel TIMI flow significantly than control groug(73.8%vs 18.2%,P＜0.01),the rate of the main end point events significantly decreased(15.4%vs 63.6%,P＜0.05),the bleeding complications was similar between two groups,no severe bleeding events occurred.Condusion Tirofiban is effecfive and safe in treating ACS patients with no reflow.

Objective To analyze the immediate and following up result of 122 patients with acute myocardlal infarction(AMI)which underwent emergency percutaneous coronary interventlon(PCI).Methods 122 cases of AMI patients underwent the emergency PCI by transfemoral artery approach during June 1998 to December 2005.119 casea performed primary PCI,3 performed rescue PCI.Results The successful rate of vessel visualization and operation were 95.1%.93.4%.respectively.5 eases were with the help of intra-aortic balloon pumping.Subacute instent thrombosis occurred in 2 patients.In-hopital mortality was 4.1% (5/122).The left ventricular ejection fraction in echocardiography one after week was(0.55±0.16).Average hospital day is(9.5±5.8)(1～36).6-month mortality was 5.7%(7/122).Conclusion Primary PCI expanded the indication for the treatment of STEMI patients wlth establishment of patent infarct related artery and normal blood flow,increased tlle survival of high-risk patients,and shortened the hospitalization.Rescue PCI was an effective measure for the patients failing to intravenous thrombolysis.

AIM: To investigate the effects of simvastation on homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response and the underlying mechanisms of such effects. METHODS: MTT assay was used to detect cell viability, and DCFH-DA assay was used to examine the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Furthermore, Western blotting was performed to detect protein expression and electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) was used to detect NF-?B DNA binding activity. RESULTS: Homocysteine (0.1-1 mmol/L) decreased the human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) viability and increased the levels of ROS. Western blotting and ELISA showed that homocysteine significantly increased the expression of TNF-?, IL-6, MCP-1 and ICAM-1. However, pretreatment with simvastation (1-20 ?mol/L) reversed the decreased cell viability and markedly suppressed an increase in the ROS level and the expression of TNF-?, IL-6, MCP-1 and ICAM-1 induced by homocysteine. Homocysteine induced p38 phosphorylation and such phosphorylation was also inhibited by simvastation and antioxidant NAC. EMSA and Western blotting showed that homocysteine induced NF-?B activation due to the increased phosphorylation of the inhibitory protein (I?B?) as well as the degradation of I?B?, while simvastation pretreatment almost completely blocked the NF-?B activation as well as the phosphorylation and degradation of I?B?. CONCLUSION: Simvastation inhibits homocysteine-induced endothelial dysfunction and inflammatory response through interfering with ROS-p38-NF-?B pathway.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of singular double antithrombotie therapy (DT) using warfarin plus clopidogrel and the combined antithrombotie therapy of 3-month triple antithrombotie therapy (TT) using warfarin, aspirinand clopidogrel and 9-month double antithrombotie therapy (DT) for the patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI. Methods Ninety patients with atrial fibrillation undergoing PCI were randomly divided into two groups evenly: one group was treated with dual antithrombotic therapy group (DT) and the other group with the combined therapy, e. g. 3-month triple antithrombotie therapy (TT) and 9-month double antithrombotie therapy (DT + TT for short). All patients were followed-up by 12 months. The two groups were compared in terms of incidences of death , myocardial infarction , stroke , target-vessel revascularisation , stent thrombosis and bleeding adverse events. Results The incidences of myocardial infarction, stroke, target-vessel revascularisation , stent thrombosis and bleeding adverse events in the TT + DT group were all significantly lower than the DT group (P < 0.05). The follow-up on the safety indicated that the rate of bleeding in the TT +DT group was insignificantly higher than the DT group (P > 0.05). Conclusion There is no significant difference in safety between the two groups. However, the therapy of TT + DT is more effective.

Objective:To explore therapeutic effects of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) combined verapamil on no-reflow during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods: A total of 106 patients, who suffered from no-reflow during PCI in our department from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013, were selected.According to random number table method, patients were divided into SNP group (n=55, received SNP based on routine treatment) and combined treatment group (n=51, received verapamil based on SNP group).Cardiac troponin I (cTnI) level before and 16h~18h after PCI, cardiac function indexes after 12-month follow-up, incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were measured and compared between two groups.Results: Compared with before PCI, there were significant rise in cTnI level in both groups on 16~18h after PCI, P=0.001 both;compared with SNP group, there were significant reductions in cTnI level [(1.31±0.44)μg/L vs.(0.11±0.02)μg/L] and percentage of cTnI>0.10μg/L (94.5% vs.54.9%) in combined treatment group, P=0.001 both.Compared with SNP group after 12 months, there was significant rise in left ventricular ejection fraction [(62.29±3.06)% vs.(65.65±3.94)%], and significant reductions in left ventricular end-diastolic dimension[(50.24±3.73)mm vs.(47.60±4.72)mm] and left ventricular end-systolic dimension [(33.29±2.11)mm vs.(31.00±4.33)mm] in combined treatment group, P<0.05 all.There were no significant adverse reactions during hospitalization and follow-up in both groups.Conclusion: When no-reflow occurs during PCI, intracoronary injection of SNP combined verapamil can improve cardiac function, and its safety is good, which is worth extending.

OBJECTIVETo characterize unknown glycometabolic state in patients with essential hypertension (EHT) and normotensive patients and determine which EHT patients are candidates for oral glucose tolerance tests (OGTTs).

METHODSThis cross-sectional study consecutively recruited 895 EHT patients and 486 normotensive patients. The data including blood glucose, blood pressure, blood lipids, angiography profiles, and left ventricular parameters were collected.

RESULTSOGTTs performed in all patients revealed that the prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism (AGM) was significantly higher in EHT patients than in normotensive patients at both baseline (P<0.001) and post-OGTT analysis (P<0.001). In total, 76.4% of the individuals with impaired glucose tolerance and 78.2% of individuals with newly diagnosed diabetes would have remained undetected if OGTTs had not been performed. Newly diagnosed AGM was significantly correlated with the presence and severity of coronary stenosis and left ventricular structure abnormalities and dysfunction. EHT patients with fasting glucose ≥5.6 mmol/L, hypertension duration exceeding 10 years, coronary artery disease, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein >3 mg/L, or high levels of apoB/apoA-1 ratio were at high risk of AGM.

CONCLUSIONSAGM is more common in patients with EHT than in normotensive patients, and OGTTs is a cost-effective strategy to detect AGM in EHT patients.

Aged ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Blood Pressure ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Glucose Metabolism Disorders ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Humans ; Hypertension ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged

A sort of absorbable Bondi of dura, whose main body is glue capsule, to compensate the deficiency of previous craniotomy, which easily causes delayed epidural hematoma. This device will help conglutinate dura to skull plate tightly, to stop bleeding and other purposes.
Absorbable Implants ; Adhesives ; Craniotomy ; Dura Mater ; Hemorrhage ; prevention & control ; Prosthesis Design

OBJECTIVETo assess the diagnostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with acute viral myocarditis.

METHODSThirty patients with suspected acute viral myocarditis admitted in first people's hospital of Shunde from June 2011 to June 2013 were included in this prospective study. The diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and accuracy of acute viral myocarditis were evaluated by clinical diagnosis. Diagnostic value among different scan methods and Lake Louise criteria were compared.

RESULTSAcute viral myocarditis was diagnosed in 63.33% (19/30) patients.Values for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy within the overall cohort were 57.89%, 72.73%, 78.57%, 50.00%, 63.33%, respectively by edema imaging (ER).Values for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy within the overall cohort were 78.95%, 63.64%, 78.95%, 63.64%, 73.33%, respectively using global relative enhancement (gRE).Values for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy within the overall cohort were 78.95%, 54.55%, 75.00%, 60.00%, 70.00%, respectively using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) criteria.Values for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy within the overall cohort were 84.21%, 81.82%, 88.89%, 75.00%, 83.33% using Lake Louise criteria. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy using Lake Louise criteria were significantly higher than using ER, gRE, LGE alone(all P < 0.05).Specificity was higher using ER than using gRE and LGE (both P < 0.05). The sensitivity, NPV, and diagnostic accuracy were significantly higher using gRE than using ER (all P < 0.05) and was similar as using LGE (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCardiac magnetic resonance is an excellent imaging modality for the diagnosis of acute viral myocarditis.

Acute Disease ; Contrast Media ; Gadolinium ; Heart ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Myocarditis ; diagnosis ; virology ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity