The incidence of gastrointestinal diseases increases every year.Etiology and pathogenesis of gastrointestinal diseases have been not yet elucidated,such as inflammatory bowel disease,gastrointestinal cancers,and allergic diseases.In recent years,the role of mucin genes expression in gastrointestinal diseases has been paying much attention to.Studies have shown that mucins are the main component of mucus in the digestive tract,and a major factor in the formation of the gastrointestinal barrier.Mucins are related to gastrointestinal epithelium,intestinal microflora and inflammatory factors.Abnormal expression of gastrointestinal mucin genes,especially MUC1 and MUC2,are related to Gastrointestinal inflammation and cancer.Currently gastrointestinal mucin genes expression contribute to exploring the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis of digestive diseases.This study is to summarize the progress in gastrointestinal mucin genes expression.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP),also called immune thrombocytopenia more frequently by the international,is the most common acquired hemorrhagic disease characterized by thrombocytopenia,presence of anti-platelet antibody in the plasma,with increased or normal megakaryocytes with abnormal maturation.About 70％ of 1TP patients recover spontaneously within 6 months,while a small proportion of patients will transform to persistent,chronic or refractory idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.New immunosuppressive agents and thrombopoietin for the treatment of children with refractory ITP have been developed.Dramaric progresses in the diagnostis,severity assessment and treatment of refractory ITP have been made recently,which is comprehensively illustrated in this review.

Objective:To establish a method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major active components in sepia.Methods: Melanin was identified by dissoving it in a basic solution to see whether there was segregation of a black substance.Glycine,asparagines,glutamic acid and alanine in sepia were determined by HPLC-AccQ-Tag method and iron was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results: Melanin in sepia was dissolved in 2 mol/L NaOH solution and black substance was obtained in 2 mol/L HCl solution.The recoveries of the above 4 amino acids and iron were within the range of 95%-105% with RSD

To discuss the therapeutic effect and influence of rat NGF on serum neuropeptide Y ( NPY) and neuron-specificenolase (NSE) levels in newborn with neonatal hypoxic and ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). Methods: Totally 70 cases of neonatal HIE patients were selected and divided into the observation group and the control group at random. The children in the two groups were given the routine medical treatment such as oxygen uptake, the control of intracranial pressure, blood pressure and blood sugar, anticonvulsant, balance of water and electrolyte and etc. The children in the observation group were additionally given 20μg rat NGF through intramuscular injection once a day. The children in the control group were additionally given 100 mg citicoline through in-travenous drip once a day. The treatment course was 10-14 days. The changes of serum NPY and NSE levels, clinical curative effect and adverse drug reactions ( ADR) in the two groups were compared, and the occurrence of nervous system sequel after the medical treatment was compared and followed up. Results: After the 2-week medical treatment, the serum NPY and NSE levels in the two groups were declined (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01), and the declining in the observation group was more notable than that in the control group (P<0. 05). The total clinical efficiency in the observation group was 94. 28%, which was much higher than that (68. 57%) in the control group (P<0. 01). No obvious adverse drug reaction appeared in the two groups during the treatment. After the one-year follow up, the occurrence of sequel was 5. 71% in the observation group, which was much lower than that (22. 86%) in the control group(P<0. 05). Conclusion:Rat NGF has reliable curative effect on neonatal HIE with high security, which can improve the repair of impaired neuronal cells, reduce the occurrence of sequel of neuronal cells and enhance the prognosis, and the mechanism may relat-ed with the reduction of serum NPY and NSE levels.

Objective To explore the glucose and liplid metabolism changes of pregnant rats and the birth weight of their offsprings due to pregnancy malnutrition,including overnutrition and undernutrition.Methods Thirty pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups on the day of conception,the high-fat-diet group,normal control group and 50％ food-restricted diet group.Increase of body weight and serum level of triglycerides,high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin release test(IRT) levels during pregnancy were measured.The birth weight of offsprings was recorded within 12 h after birth.One-way ANOVA,LSD or Dunnett T3,and Chi-square test were applied for statistical analysis.Results The body weight at late pregnancy and the level of triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein were significantly increased in the high-fat-diet rats compared to normal control ones [(1.68±0.13) mmol/L vs (0.78±0.08) mmol/L,(0.57±0.04) mmol/L vs (0.35±0.07) mmol/L; both P＜0.01].While the level of high-density lipoprotein of high-fat-diet rats was lower than that of the normal control rats [(0.56±0.06) mmol/L vs (1.09±0.08) mmol/L,P＜0.05].The level of triglycerides,low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein in 50％ food restricted group [(0.47±0.06) mmol/L,(0.21±0.06) mmol/L and (0.42±0.05) mmol/L] were lower than the control group (all P＜0.05).Impaired glucose tolerance,abnormal OGTT and IRT results were found in both high-fat-diet and 50％ foodrestricted diet rats.The fasting plasma glucose level in high-fat-diet group was significantly increased in late pregnancy compared to the control [(6.63±0.53) mmol/L vs (4.90±0.26) mmol/L,P＜0.05],while there was no significant difference between rats in 50％ food-restricted diet [(4.18±0.26) mmol/L]and control group (P＞0.05).There was no statistical difference in fasting serum insulin level among the three groups.The average birth weight was significantly increased in high-fat-diet rats than in the control group [(6.14±0.31) g vs (5.73±0.26) g,P＜0.05],and the incidence of macrosomic newborn rats in the high-fat-diet group was also higher than that of the control group [19.2 ％ (19/99)vs 7.84％(8/102),P＜0.05].The birth weight of offspring in 50％ food-restricted diet group was decreased with their average birth weight of (4.54±0.23) g,which was lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The incidence of macrosomic [13.40％ (11/76)] and low birth weight newborn rats [15.90％ (13/76) vs 3.92％(4/102)] in food-restricted diet group were both higher than in the control group (P＜0.05); and smaller number of offsprings was obtained than the control group (76 vs 102,P＜0.05),the number of offsprings in high-fat-diet group was 99,which was less than the control group without statistical difference (P＞0.05).Conclusions Pregnancy malnutrition,including overnutrition and undernutrition,may affect the lipid metabolism and glucose tolerance of pregnant rats,leading to insulin resistance,and may also contribute to the abnormal birth weight of the offspring,including macrosomia and low birth weight.

Objective To investigate the value of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosing fetal persistent right umbilical vein (PRUV) and structural malformations.Methods From April 2007 to August 2011,38 827 pregnant women in Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University accepted ultrasound examination,among which 109 fetuses were found PRUV.The relation between PRUV and other structural abnormalities was retrospectively analyzed.Results The incidence of PRUV was 0.28％ (109/38 827) including 100 singletons and 9 twins.Among the 109 cases of PRUV confirmed by the prenatal ultrasound diagnosis,95 cases did not complicate with fetal structural abnormality (90 singletons,5 twins),and had normal deliveries with healthy infants.Four infants were tested for their chromosomes and got normal results.The rest 14 fetuses with PRUV suffered from fetal structural abnormality (12.8％,14/109),among which,10 fetus (71.4％,10/14) suffered from cardiovascular abnormality such as endocrinal cushion defeats,double outlet right ventricle,single atrium and single ventricle.Nine pregnant women accepted artificial terminations.Only one of the 14 fetuses had chromosome test and got normal result.Conclusions Once PRUV was diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound,it is suggested to check the fetus carefully,especially the cardiovascular system.

Objective:To apply positive composite training on gynecologic tumor patients for psychological intervention,comparing with the general intervention,and to provide a new way to alleviate physical and psychological symptoms of patients and improve their quality of life.Methods:In Beijing Cancer Hospital,80 surgery and chemotherapy patients with gynecologic tumor were chosen and divided into control group (40 cases,to receive health education and supportive treatment) and intervention group (40 cases,to receive comprehensive training),whose condition and basic situation were matching.After intervention,the scores of Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Quality of Life Questionnaire- Core 30 (QLQ-C30) were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention,the SCL-90 scores in intervention group (outside terrorist and interpersonal sensitivity factor) were lower than that in control group[such as total score,(1.43±0.34) vs.(1.87±0.43),P<0.001].The scores of physical function,role function,emotional function,cognitive function,and general health in the QLQ-C30 about patients with chemotherapy in intervention group were higher than those in controls[such as general health,(62.50±10.29) vs.(52.50±15.78),P=0.024].And the scores of fatigue,nausea and vomiting,pain,insomnia,appetite loss,constipation,and diarrhea factors were lower than those in control group[such as fatigue,(52.77±16.07) vs.(65.55±20.36),P=0.034].Conclusion:The positive composite training is able to alleviate the physical and mental symptoms and improve their quality of life in gynecologic tumor patients.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol preconditioning on activities of ATPase on myocardial cell membrane in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawiey rats were subject to 30 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion and randomly assigned to five groups, six rats per group: control(C) group; ischernia-reperfusion (IR) group; propofol preconditioning group(P, according to the dosage of propofol, P was assigned to three KM+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase of left ventricle myocardial tissue were measured by chemical colorirnetric method. The rnyocardium pathomorphism was observed with light microscopes. Results The activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in ischemia-reperfusion group were lower than control group and propofol preconditioning group(P<0. 05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Propofol preconditioning can produced cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury by recovering the ATPase activities of myocardial tissue.

OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy of carboxymethyl starch in the treatment of recurrent respiratory infection (RRI)children. METHODS:110 RRI children were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 55 children in each group. Control group was given routine treatment,such as anti-infection,anti-virus,abatement of fever,reliev-ing cough,phlegm transformation and etc. Observation group was additionally given Carboxymethyl starch sodium solution (7 ml for <4 year-old,10 ml for 4-7 year-old,15 ml for >7 year-old)on the basis of control group. Both groups received consecutive treatment for 3 months. The changes of cellular immunity function index CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ and humoral immunity index IgG,IgA and IgM were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment,and clinical efficacy was evaluated in 2 groups. RE-SULTS:There was no statistical significance in CD4+,CD8+and CD4+/CD8+levels of control group before and after treatment(P>0.05);after treatment,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ of observation group obviously increased,while CD8+ level obviously declined;the observation group was better than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in IgG,IgA and IgM levels of control group,with statistical significance (P>0.05);after treatment,IgG,IgA and IgM levels of control group increased significantly,and the observation group was better than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Total effective rate of observation group was 92.73%,which was much higher than that in control group (78.18%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Carboxymethyl starch has definite therapeutic efficacy on RRI,and can obvi-ously improve cellular and humoral immunity function.

Cancer and stroke are the major diseases causing serious harm to human health.Studies show that as compared with normal people,patients with cancer are more prone to stroke.We reviewed the research progress on cancer patients with stroke within the past decade,including the common cancer type which causes stroke,the stroke pathogenesis of cancer patients,clinical characteristics,treatment and prognosis of cancer patients with comorbid stroke,in order to provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of stroke in cancer patients.