OBJECTIVE:To observe clinical efficacy of carboxymethyl starch in the treatment of recurrent respiratory infection (RRI)children. METHODS:110 RRI children were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 55 children in each group. Control group was given routine treatment,such as anti-infection,anti-virus,abatement of fever,reliev-ing cough,phlegm transformation and etc. Observation group was additionally given Carboxymethyl starch sodium solution (7 ml for <4 year-old,10 ml for 4-7 year-old,15 ml for >7 year-old)on the basis of control group. Both groups received consecutive treatment for 3 months. The changes of cellular immunity function index CD4+,CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ and humoral immunity index IgG,IgA and IgM were observed in 2 groups before and after treatment,and clinical efficacy was evaluated in 2 groups. RE-SULTS:There was no statistical significance in CD4+,CD8+and CD4+/CD8+levels of control group before and after treatment(P>0.05);after treatment,CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ of observation group obviously increased,while CD8+ level obviously declined;the observation group was better than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). There was no statistical significance in IgG,IgA and IgM levels of control group,with statistical significance (P>0.05);after treatment,IgG,IgA and IgM levels of control group increased significantly,and the observation group was better than control group,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Total effective rate of observation group was 92.73%,which was much higher than that in control group (78.18%),with statistical significance(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Carboxymethyl starch has definite therapeutic efficacy on RRI,and can obvi-ously improve cellular and humoral immunity function.

SUMMARY Here we report a case of cervical spondylosis misdiagnosed as cerebral infarction .The pa-tient was a 55-year-old man with a one-day history of weakness in his right extremities .Brain magnetic resonance imaging ( MRI) showed no acute abnormality , cerevical MRI showed that cervical spondylisis , C4/5 , C5/6 disc herniation , spinal canal stenosis and compression of the spinal cord .Then the patient was transferred to the Department of Orthopaedics and underwent surgical treatment of cervical spondylo -sis.Followed-up for six months , the weakness of his right extremities returned to normal .

The freshmen column in 39 985 Projectacademic libraries was investigated , which showed that 15 out of the 39 985 Projectacademic libraries have established freshmen column on their library website .Its posi-tion, contents and forms were analyzed.The typical freshmen column in libraries of Qinghua University, Shanghai Jiaotong University , and Sun Yat-sen University was described with suggestions put forward for improvement of its position, contents and forms.

Objective To research the significance of detection of cholyglycine(CG) and total bile acid (TBA ) in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy(ICP) .Methods Totally 85 gestational patients of ICP and 85 normal pregnancy pregnant women(control group) were chosen .Indexes including CG ,TBA ,ALT ,AST and TBIL were detected ,and the results were compared .Results In ICP group ,the levels of serum CG ,TBA ,ALT ,AST and TBIL were significantly higher than those in the normal control group ,and the differences were statistically significant(P< 0 .05) ;The positive rates of serum CG and TBA in ICP were significant higher than those in control group(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The level of CG and TBA in intrahepatie cholestasis of pregnancy are significantly increased and might be sensitive indicators of gestaional diabetes in intrahepatie cholestasis of pregnancy ,the joint detection is of great clinical significance for ICP early diagnosis and monitoring .

Objective To study the effect of anti anxiety treatment in residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedure in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.Methods 68 cases of benign paroxysmal position vertigo patients with residual dizziness after successful canalith repositioning procedure were collected,who visit department of Neurology..They were randomly assigned to anti anxiety group and the control group according to randomized controlled method.Deanxit (0.5mg/10mg,1times/day)combined with betahistine mesilate tablets (6mg, 3 times/day)were taken by patients in the anti anxiety group;take betahistine mesilate tablets (6mg,3 times/day) were taken in the control group.Follow up 3 months,the duration of residual dizziness and the changes of symptoms between the two groups were compared.The symptoms of all patients were evaluated before and after treatment by dizziness handicap inventory.Results The duration of residual dizziness in the control group was (16.38 ±8.83)days, and that in the anti anxiety group was (10.13 ±5.10)days.The duration of residual dizziness in the anti anxiety group was significantly shorter than that in the control group (t =3.440,P <0.05).In the control group,the scores of first week,s econd week and third week were (26.60 ±13.54)points,(20.80 ±10.97)points and (6.27 ±5.88)points.In the anti anxiety group,the scores of first week,second week and third week were (23.10 ±11.02)points,(13.33 ± 5.83)points and (0.67 ±2.50)points.There was not significant difference between the two groups (t =1.122,P >0.05)in the treatment of first week.In second week and third week,the scores of the anti anxiety group were lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =3.378,4.935,all P <0.05).After 3 weeks of treatment,the scores of the anti anxiety group were significantly decreased in the functional,emotional and physical scores (t =5.297,4.537,4.451,all P <0.01 ).Conclusion Deanxit can shorten residual dizziness duration of benign paroxysmal position vertigo patients after successful canalith repositioning procedure,and can reduce the degree of residual dizziness.

Objective To systematically analyze the current situation of case‐control studies published on Chinese nursing ac‐ademic journals and provide references for future researches .Methods All literatures related to case‐control studies published on Chinese nursing academic journals were retrieved from CNKI ,CBM ,Wangfang databases ,and VIP by computer .The literatures were analyzed by bibliometrics method .Results Totally 77 literatures published in 17 journals were retrieved .The number of liter‐atures revealed an increasing tendency .T he content of these literatures involved 11 nursing fields ,such as medicine nursing ,surgery nursing ,and fundamental nursing .29 .9% of studies were supported by research grants .On the other side ,authors were located in 18 provinces ,autonomous regions and municipalities .Meanwhile ,most of them were from developed regions and worked in medical institutions .Conclusion The method of case‐control studies have gradually gained recognition of Chinese nursing researchers . However ,the number of case‐control studies were still small .Nursing researchers should be encouraged to conduct case‐control studies actively and apply this kind of method in more extensive fields of nursing .

Patent documentation is a kind of high-value scientific literature. In this paper, the World Traditional Medicine Patent Database (WTMPD) was used to retrieve patents of the traditional medicines used in the treatment and prevention of alcoholic worldwide in the past 30 years. A total of 3 238 patents were further screened by a se-ries of processes. Finally, multi-angle analysis was carried on the dataset to form a patent analysis report on tradi-tional medicines used in alcoholism, including the distribution of the patents, the application trend, the domestic and foreign geographical layout, the major applicant and so on. From the analysis, we found that China had a rapid in-crease in the number of patent applications, which was in the leading role in the world, though the technology and the number of PCT applicant from China is relatively low. Puerariae Lobate radix and flos are frequently used in al-coholism patents.

Objective To explore the association between HbA1c and acute myocardial infarction(AMI) in youth. Methods Seventy-two AMI patients (≤44y) diagnosed during the period from January in 2009 to August in 2012 were enrolled and 79 young age-matched adults without coronary artery disease at the same period were enrolled to be control group. The relationship between HbA1c, fasting blood-glucose(FBG) and AMI was explored. Results (1)Compared with the control group,the plasma FBG and HbA1C value were significantly higher(P<0.05) in AMI group. (2)Logistic regression analysis showed that HbA1c is the independent risk factor for AMI in youth. (3)In AMI group, the HbA1c level in single vessel disease had remarkable difference with that in double vessel disease and triple vessel disease(P<0.05). Conclusions Increasing HbA1c level is the independent risk factor for AMI in youth,and positively correlated with the degree of coronary artery lesions. Primary intervention of glycometabolism abnormality possibly becomes the new opinion for prevention and cure of AMI.

Background Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has been widely applied to solve clinical issues internationally,however,the awareness of oculists in China still is dissatisfied,and the relevant issue survey can offer the training guidance.Objective This study was to survey the status of the cognition and practice of EBM in ophthalmologists in China and analyze the problems in their EBM practice.Methods Two hundred and thirty-three ophthalmologists were enrolled in the 18th Congress of Chinese Ophthalmological Society in August,2013.A survey about EBM was performed by self-made questionnaire,including general data from the surveyors,the way and channel of understanding EBM,the attitude toward EBM,clinical practice of EBM and influencing factors.The educational background,professional qualifications,ranked distribution of hospitals which surveyors came from,size of the citys and attribute of hospitals were stratified and analyzed.SPSS 17.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of 233 questionnaires were distributed,and 233 were regained with the response rate 100％,and 214 valid questionnaires were included,with the effective rate 91.8％.50.5％ of the respondents (104/206) knew EBM in university.The proportion of those believe EBM initially as medical students was 41.8％,and 49.1％ (102/208) were aware of EBM in recent 8 years.And 47.7％ (101/211) believed that EBM should be given priority in clinic,and 7.5％ (16/211) were indifferent to EBM.Only 3.8％ (8/211) surveyors thought EBM to be little important.The proportion of the respondents choosing ‘ know’ or ‘ moderately-know’ were 69.1％ (148/214),35.0％ (75/ 213),21.5％ (46/213) and 57.4％ (121/211) respectively in EBM,Meta analysis,Cochrane as well as Preferred Practice Patterns (PPPs) with a higher receiving degree in well-educated individuals (P =0.000,0.000,0.001,0.000).EBM was well practiced in 11.7％ (25/211) oculists,with a higher using frequency in senior ophthalmologists,and 17.8％ (89/495,frequency) oculists consulted the EBM literature to resolve problems in clinic,with a significant difference in the using frequency of EBM among the different educational background subjects (x2=13.406,P=0.037).The top three barriers which affected the application of EBM in clinical practices were lack of time and the limited energy,feeling it difficult to evaluate the evidence correctly as well as the absence of cases proving the efficacy to treat based EBM.The type of EBM evidence mostly used by respondents was medical database (36.7％),and CNKI (33.5％) and PubMed (38.4％) were the mostly used Chinese and English database,respectively.Respondents who have never searched the Chinese or English database occupied up to 7.3％ and 17.2％,respectively.Conclusions The cognition degree and applying frequency are still lower in ophthalmologists in China.The training of EBM should be strengthened in medical students.The guidance measurement should be taken to encourage eye doctors to apply EBM.

Traditional Chinese medicine considers that the final purpose of acupuncture treatment for disease is to harmonize yin and yang. Acupuncture redresses a balance between yin and yang by transmitting information to acupoints and then to corresponding visceral tissues and organs and the brain through the meridian system or the nervous system. In recent years, scholars at home thoroughly studied heart rate variability (HRV) analysis for acupuncture treatment of diseases and found that the regulating effect of acupuncture on visceral organs was closely related to autonomic nerves and acupuncture could restore a balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves. Many scholars explored the effect of acupuncture on diseases related to autonomic nervous dysfunction by HRV frequency domain or time domain analysis and gained a certain achievements. This article summarizes recent years’ domestic studies on HRV-based analysis of acupuncture for diseases with autonomic nervous dysfunction and reviews the close relationship between autonomic nerves and diseases and the related mechanism of acupuncture action.