In order to investigate the medical undergraduates' clinical practice teaching method and improve teaching quality we have adopted the teaching method by taking identification and diagnosis of the disease as focal point and various informative teaching means to the practice of Grade 2001 undergraduates of our academy.We have obtained the good result by increasing students' study interest and training students' the ability of analyzing and solving the problem.

Objective To study the relationship between the activity of interleukin-4 and interferon-? with steroid effect in children with primary nephrotic syndrome before initiation of steroid therapy. Methods The activity of interleukin-4 and interferon-? in the supernatants of monocytes cell cultures activated with phytohemagglutinin was assessed with enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay in 31 children with primary nephrotic syndrome before iniatiation of steroid therapy. After steroid treatment for 8 weeks, data of steroid sensitivity and resistance were analyzed. Results Before initiation of steroid treament, in steroid sensitivity children with primary nephrotic syndrome an increased proliferative response of interleukin-4 was found (P0.05). Conclusion The activity of interleukin-4 is a useful tool for evaluating the likelihood of steroid sensitivity in children with primary nephrotic syndrome.

Objective To explore the relation of the infantile acute upper respiratory tract infection(AURI) with myocardial injury.Methods Creatine kinase (CK) and its isoenzyme(CK-MB),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),asparatic acid transminase (AST) were tested with the fully automatic analyser and electrocardiogram(ECG) were examined with AURI in 86 cases as experimental group and 30 cases of health infants as control group.Results The abnormal rates of CK,CK-MB,LDH,AST and ECG in the AURI group were higher than those of the control group.Conclusions There is different degree of myocardial injury in some children with AURI, the clinical doctor should pay more attention in the AURI cases companied with the myocardial injury and to prevent myocardial injury complicaton in these cases . [

Objective To study the changes of plasma ET-1,CGRP,TXA2 and their receptor expression in lung tissue of children with congenital heart disease-assicated pulmonary artery hypertension.Methods Plasma was collected from 60 children patients.ET-1,CGRP and TXB2 levels were measured by EIA,RIA and ELISA,respectively.Expression of their receptors in the lung tissue was detected by RT-PCR.Results The plasma ET-1 and TXB2 levels were significantly higher in CHD patients than in control children.The plasma CGRP level was significantly lower in CHD patients than in control children.Fourteen days after treatment with PGE1,the plasma ET-1 and TXB2 levels were significantly decreased with no significant changes in CGRP.The expression level of ET-1 and TXA2 receptor mRNA was significantly higher in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension than in those without pulmonary artery hypertension.However,the expression of CGRP receptor mRNA was lower in patients with pulmonary artery hypertension than in those without pulmonary artery hypertension.Conclusion Plasma ET-1,CGRP and TXA2 levels are closely related with congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary artery hypertension,and can be used as an index for its prognosis.

OBJECTIVETo analyze deaf-related genes in patients with nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) and set up a prenatal diagnosis system for such patients.

METHODSNine NSHL families were collected. Potential mutations of GJB2 (35delG, 176del16, 235delC, 299delAT), SLC26A4 (2168A> G, IVS7-2A> G), GJB3 (538C> T) and mtDNA (1494C> T, 12S rRNA 1555A> G) were detected by direct sequencing. Maternal blood contamination was excluded prior to the testing.

RESULTSSixteen patients from 4 families were detected with GJB2 mutations, 8 patients from 2 families were found with SLC26A4 mutations, and 4 patients from 2 families were found with mutations in mtDNA. For 2 patients from one remaining family, no mutations were found with above genes.

CONCLUSIONA diagnostic system for NSHL has been established, which may provide a basis for prenatal diagnosis and genetic counseling to NSHL families.

Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; chemistry ; genetics ; Deafness ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Family Health ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Hearing Loss ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Membrane Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods ; RNA, Ribosomal ; genetics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity