Objective To evaluate the application of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of female stress urinary incontinence(SUI). Methods Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging(DMRI)were performed on 30 healthy female volunteers and 35 female SUI patients.DMRI of the pelvic floor at rest and OR maximal strain were performed by using sagittal T2-weighted fast gradient sequences.The distance of Urethra-vesical junction to the pubococcygeal line,the posterior vesicourethral angle and angle of inclination of the urethral axis were measured at rest and on maximal strain position.The t-value exact test were used to analyze the data. Results At rest the Urethravesical junction laid above pubococcygeal line on both control and SUI groups.Mean distance from the Urethra-vesical junction to pubococcygeal line at rest had no difference between the two groups.On straining,the mean Urethra-vesical junction descent distance in the SUI group(-0.9±1.1cm)was significantly higher than in control group(-0.14±0.3 cm),(P＜0.001).On straining,the mean angle of urethral inclination in the SUI group(65±37°)was significantly bigger than in control groups (17±21°),(P＜0.05).The posterior vesicourethral angle in the SUI groups(156±36°)was significantly bigger than in control groups(113±28°),(P＜0.05). Conclusion Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive.easily applied method in the diagnosis of SUI.

As far the current severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), respiratory disease is still the biggest threat to human health. In addition, infectious respiratory diseases are particularly prominent. In addition to killing and clearing the infection pathogen directly, regulating the immune responses against the pathogens is also an important therapeutic modality. Sirtuins belong to NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases. Among 7 types of sirtuins, silent information regulator type-1 (SIRT1) played a multitasking role in modulating a wide range of physiological processes, including oxidative stress, inflammation, cell apoptosis, autophagy, antibacterial and antiviral functions. It showed a critical effect in regulating immune responses by deacetylation modification, especially through high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a core molecule regulating the immune system. SIRT1 was associated with many respiratory diseases, including COVID-19 infection, bacterial pneumonia, tuberculosis, and so on. Here, we reviewed the latest research progress regarding the effects of SIRT1 on immune system in respiratory diseases. First, the structure and catalytic characteristics of SIRT1 were introduced. Next, the roles of SIRT1, and the mechanisms underlying the immune regulatory effect through HMGB1, as well as the specific activators/inhibitors of SIRT1, were elaborated. Finally, the multitasking roles of SIRT1 in several respiratory diseases were discussed separately. Taken together, this review implied that SIRT1 could serve as a promising specific therapeutic target for the treatment of respiratory diseases.

Objective To clarify the anti-inflammatory effect of chlorogenic acid on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflamma-tion in macrophage RAW264.7,and to reveal its possible molecular mechanism.Methods The cellular activity of RAW264.7 after the intervention of different concentrations of chlorogenic acid was detected by CCK-8 method;the macrophage RAW264.7 was stimulated by LPS to preset cellular inflammatory state.The blank control group(K group,n=3),the model control group(L group,n=3),and the experimental group(S group,n=3)were administered separately,and the cell morphology was dynamically observed;cell precipita-tion and supernatants were obtained at 24 h and 48h,respectively.The concentrations of inflammatory cytokine interleukin(IL)-1β,monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),and arginase-1(Arg-1)in the cell supernatants were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the mRNA expression of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2(PTGS2),transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),high mobility histone 1(HMGB1),and nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)were detected by quantitative real-time PCR(RT-qPCR).Results RAW264.7 cellular inflammatory state was successfully preset with 1 μg/ml LPS;12.5～200.0μg/ml chlorogenic acid had no distinct toxicity on RAW264.7.Chlorogenic acid at 50μg/ml and 200μg/ml had obvious proliferation effects on RAW264.7 cells(P＜0.05).Compared with the model control group,the content of IL-1 β protein in the supernatant of the experimental group was significantly decreased,while the content of Arg-1 was significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model control group,50μg/ml of chlorogenic acid significantly decreased the mRNA expressions of NF-κB,TGF-β1,PTGS2,and HMGB1 in LPS-induced inflammatory cells(P＜0.05).Conclusion Chlorogenic acid has a distinct inhibitory effect on LPS-induced RAW264.7 inflammatory response,which may be achieved by regulating molecular expression of the HMGB1-mediated NF-κB pathway.

Objective:To investigate the acceptance and attitude toward a novel fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in colorectal cancer screening among populations in China.Methods:From May 2018 to May 2019, 2 474 people aged 50-74 years were recruited from five provinces of China (Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hunan and Yunnan). The general demographic characteristics, acceptance of the new FIT technology and operational difficulties through the whole screening process were obtained through questionnaire survey. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors related to difficulties encountered in sampling stool, reading and uploading results.Results:The subjects were (60.0±6.4) years old, and female, high school of above educated, unemployed/retired/other, married and with medical insurance status of “new rural cooperative medical care (NRCMC)” accounted for 61.7% (1 526), 29.0%(718), 34.3% (849), 92.7% (2 293) and 31.3%(775), respectively. The population's acceptance of the FIT technology was 94.8%. In the process of FIT screening, the percentage of occurred difficulties in sampling stool, reading and uploading results were 33.1% (819), 46.4% (1 147) and 62.9% (1 557), respectively. The main difficulties were the uncertainty about whether the sampling operation was standard (28.0%), the inability to accurately judge the result displayed (32.5%) and the need for help without using a smartphone (44.2%). The results of multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that people aged 65-74 years old and with medical insurance status of “NRCMC” were more likely to encounter difficulties in sampling, and those who were unemployed/retired/other and living with 3 or more family members were less likely to encounter difficulties in sampling. Those aged 65-74 years old, farmers or migrant workers, and those with “NRCMC” were more likely to encounter difficulties in readingresults, and those with 3 or more family members were less likely to encounter difficulties in reading result. Those with “NRCMC” were more likely to encounter difficulties in uploading results, and those with education level of high school or above, living with more than 3 family members were less likely to encounter difficulties in uploading results.Conclusion:The acceptance of the new FIT technology is relatively high among the subjects. Age, education level, occupation, number of family members living together and medical insurance status might be related to difficulties encountered in sampling stool, reading and uploading results, and it can be further strengthened in terms of the technology and characteristics of sub-populations.

Objective:To investigate the acceptance and attitude toward a novel fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in colorectal cancer screening among populations in China.Methods:From May 2018 to May 2019, 2 474 people aged 50-74 years were recruited from five provinces of China (Zhejiang, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hunan and Yunnan). The general demographic characteristics, acceptance of the new FIT technology and operational difficulties through the whole screening process were obtained through questionnaire survey. Multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors related to difficulties encountered in sampling stool, reading and uploading results.Results:The subjects were (60.0±6.4) years old, and female, high school of above educated, unemployed/retired/other, married and with medical insurance status of “new rural cooperative medical care (NRCMC)” accounted for 61.7% (1 526), 29.0%(718), 34.3% (849), 92.7% (2 293) and 31.3%(775), respectively. The population's acceptance of the FIT technology was 94.8%. In the process of FIT screening, the percentage of occurred difficulties in sampling stool, reading and uploading results were 33.1% (819), 46.4% (1 147) and 62.9% (1 557), respectively. The main difficulties were the uncertainty about whether the sampling operation was standard (28.0%), the inability to accurately judge the result displayed (32.5%) and the need for help without using a smartphone (44.2%). The results of multivariate logistic regression model analysis showed that people aged 65-74 years old and with medical insurance status of “NRCMC” were more likely to encounter difficulties in sampling, and those who were unemployed/retired/other and living with 3 or more family members were less likely to encounter difficulties in sampling. Those aged 65-74 years old, farmers or migrant workers, and those with “NRCMC” were more likely to encounter difficulties in readingresults, and those with 3 or more family members were less likely to encounter difficulties in reading result. Those with “NRCMC” were more likely to encounter difficulties in uploading results, and those with education level of high school or above, living with more than 3 family members were less likely to encounter difficulties in uploading results.Conclusion:The acceptance of the new FIT technology is relatively high among the subjects. Age, education level, occupation, number of family members living together and medical insurance status might be related to difficulties encountered in sampling stool, reading and uploading results, and it can be further strengthened in terms of the technology and characteristics of sub-populations.