The aim of this study was to develop a multi-target pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic(PK-PD)model for the evaluation of the protective effect of salvianolic acid A(Sal A)on ischemic heart failure based on a metabolic balance model. The rats were assigned to 3 groups: sham-operated group(saline), ischemic heart failure group(saline)and Sal A-treated group(Sal A, 1 mg/(kg ·d), ip). The concentrations of brain natriuretic peptide(BNP), angiotensin II(Ang II), malondialdehyde(MDA), asymmetric dimethylarginine(ADMA)and the activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in rat plasma were determined before and at 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after ligation in all the groups. A multi-target PK-PD model was developed based on the change rate of metabolic disruption parameter k and was eventually used to integrally evaluate the protective effect of Sal A on ischemic heart failure. Sal A showed improvement effects on multiple biomarkers and the correlation study demonstrated a good relationship between dynamic parameter k and left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF). More importantly, the multi-target model well fitted the relationship between AUC and the change rate. The multi-target PK-PD model provides a novel method to integrally evaluate the protective effect of Sal A, which might offer a new strategy for the establishment of a PK-PD model that embodies the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine.

The study developed a metabolic balance model to evaluated the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin. The rats were divided into 3 groups, control group(saline), low dose group(8 mg/kg of cumulative doxorubicin)and high dose group(15 mg/kg of cumulative doxorubicin). Doxorubicin or saline was intraperitoneally injected and blood sample was collected at day 1, 4, 7 and 10. The concentrations of nitric oxide(NO), B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP)and the activity of glutathion peroxidase(GSH-Px), xanthine oxidase(XOD)in rat plasma were determined. A metabolic balance model based on the four biomarkers was developed to evaluate the doxorubicin cardiotoxicity in rat. Doxorubicin leaded to significant changes of multiple biomarkers, resulting in metabolic balance disruption according to the metabolic balance maps and dynamic parameters of metabolic balance disruption. Moreover, the correlation study showed a good relationship between metabolic balance disruption and ejection fraction(EF). The metabolic balance model provide a novel method to integrally evaluate the doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.

Objective:To observe the clinical effect of helmet therapy in cranial remodeling of infants with deformational plagiocephaly.Methods:A total of 114 infants with plagiocephaly received helmet therapy at the age of 4 to 12 months over the period from 2016 to 2018 and the results were analyzed retrospectively. Seventy-four were male and forty female. The average ages were (7.49±1.91) and (7.54±2.10) months, respectively. A Spectra scanner was used to quantify each head′s radial symmetry index (RSI), cranial vault asymmetry (CVA) and cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) before and after 100 days of treatment, and those data were related with age (4-6 months, 7-9 months and 10-12 months), gender and severity of deformity (levels III-V).Results:The average RSI, CVA and CVAI improved significantly for all of the infants studied. The average RSI, CVA and CVAI improved the most for those 4-6 months old. Those with level-IV deformity showed significantly better improvement than those with level III or V deformity.Conclusions:Helmet therapy is an effective way to improve deformities due to plagiocephaly among infants. The best age for treatment is 4-6 months. Patients with less malformation are more easily corrected.