Objective To verify and evaluate the efficacy and safety of PEG-4000 electrolyte lavage solution in endoscopy preparation. Methods A multicenter open randomized controlled clinical study of 211 patients taking PEG-4000 electrolyte or mannitol in colonoendoscopy preparation. The overall evaluation of colonic preparation was the primary efficacy criterion. The investigator recorded any adverse event to assess the safety. Results The total effective rate of overall colonic preparation of study group was 92. 45% (98/ 106) , that of mannitol group was 80% (84/105). The study group showed more effective than control group with statistical significance (P = 0.016). The adverse event incidence of study group was 8.49%. There were 6 patients complained of nausea and vomiting, 3 patients showed abnormal laboratory results after administration. All the events relieved in short period and have no influence on examination. There was no serious adverse event in this group. The incidence of adverse event in mannitol group was 14. 29% (15/105 ). Four patients showed gastrointestinal symptoms and 1 showed chest suppression. Abnormal laboratory results were found in 10 patients. There was 1 serious adverse event occurred in control group. The difference between 2 groups had no statistical significance. Conclusion PEG-4000 electrolyte is a safe and effective drug in colonic preparation before clinical colonic examination or surgery.

AIM:To observe the effect of MK-2206, an inhibitor of Akt, on the cell apoptosis and autophagy of U2OS cells.METHODS:The cell viability was detected by MTT assay .The cell apoptosis was analyzed by TdT-media-ted dUTP nick end labeling assay .The expression of LC3-II was examined by Western blotting .RESULTS:MK-2206 in-hibited the cell viability in a dose-dependent manner .MK-2206 induced the cell apoptosis via activation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and PARP.MK-2206 treatment substantially induced the U 2OS cell autophagy by increasing in the levels of LC 3-II.Blockage of autophagy using chloroquine magnified MK-2206-induced cell death in U2OS cells.CONCLUSION:The Akt inhibitor MK-2206 induces cell apoptosis and autophagy .Blocking autophagy magnifies MK-2206-induced the inhibi-tion of the viability in U2OS cells.

BACKGROUND:Tumor necrosis factor-α-induced protein-8 like-2 (TIPE2), an anti-inflammatory protein, through the T cel receptor (TCR) and TOLL-like receptor signaling pathway, implements negative regulation of adaptive immunity and innate immunity, and thus effectively maintains the stable internal environment of the body.
OBJECTIVE:To construct a recombinant adenovirus that can overexpress rat TIPE2 gene.
METHODS:TIPE2 cDNA target gene was amplified from rat’s lymphocytes using RT-PCR, cloned into shuttle plasmid pShuttle-clontech, and then subcloned into artificial adenovirus vector AdC68. Hereafter, HEK 293 cel s were transfected to generate a recombinant adenovirus. HEK293A cel s were infected using this recombinant adenovirus, and then TIPE2 gene level was tested by western blot method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Based on results of PCR, digestion identification and sequencing, the obtained cDNA was the coding sequence region of TIPE2. Western blot findings showed that the recombinant adenovirus could overexpress TIPE2 gene. These findings indicate that the recombinant adenovirus is constructed successful y and can express TIPE2 gene stably.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Feiji Formula, a compound traditional Chinese herbal medicine, on lung cancer metastasis in mice. METHODS: The lung cancer metastasis model of mice was established in this experiment study. Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into three groups: untreated group, cisplatin group and Feiji Formula group. Mice in the Feiji Formula group were treated with Feiji Formula decoction; in cisplatin group, with cisplatin by intraperitoneal injection; and in the untreated group, with normal saline (NS). After twenty-day treatment, the body and tumor weights as well as the number of metastatic tumors in both lungs of each mouse were measured. RESULTS: The body weight of mice in cisplatin group was significantly less than that of Feiji Formula group and untreated group (P<0.01); the tumor weight of mice in cisplatin group and Feiji Formula group was markedly lower than that of untreated group (P<0.01); and the number of metastatic tumors in cisplatin group and Feiji Formula group was markedly lower than that of the untreated group (P<0.01), no significant difference between the Feiji Formula group and cisplatin group in terms of the weights and the numbers of metastatic tumors in bilateral lungs. CONCLUSION: Feiji Formula can suppress tumor growth and decrease the number of lung metastatic tumors in the mice, and maintain the body weight of the mice.

OBJECTIVE To compare the effects of Glutaraldehyde(GA) and Electrolyzed Acid Water(EAW) on the disinfection of the soft endoscope.METHODS The field tests for the digestive endoscope disinfection: GA group,a total of 60 cases(Gastroscopy 43 cases,17 cases of colonoscopy);EAW group,totaling 60 cases(37 cases of gastroscopy,colonoscopy 23).RESULTS None of samples from both groups was positive for test of bacterial culture.GA group had a more time comsumption than EAW group(20.6 VS 10.4,P

Objective To investigate the effects of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) on the brain in rats. Methods Sixty-four healthy male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly allocated to one of 2 groups (n = 32 each): sham operation group (S) and intestinal I/R group (I/R). Intestinal I/R was produced by occlusion of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) for 90 min followed by reperfusion. Eight animals were sacrificed at each of the following time points: 2, 6, 12 and 24 h of reperfusion (T1-4) in each group. After a median sternotomyblood samples were taken from left ventricle for measurement of plasma TNF-α and IL-6 (by ELISA). Intestine and brain tissue was harvested for microscopic examination and detection of apoptosis ( by TUNEL). The cognitive function was tested using Morris water maze at 24 h. Results No abnormality was found in intestine and brain tissue in group S. Intestinal damage and neurodegeneration were detected in group I/R. Intestinal I/R significantly increased cerebral apoptosis in group I/R compared with group S. Plasma TNF-a and IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher at T1-4 in group I/R than in group S. The escape latency and swimming distance were significantly increased, while the number of crossing the platform was decreased in group I/R compared with group S. There was no significant difference in the swimming speed between the 2 groups. Conclusion Intestinal I/R can induce brain injury and lead to cognitive dysfunction. I/R-induced release of inflammatory mediators and neuronal apoptosis are involved in the underlying mechanism.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of combined high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) pulse therapy in patients with severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods Thirty-six patients were enrolled into this study, and randomly classified into WIG group (n=17) and methylprednisolone (MP) group (n=19). The treatment of patients in MG group began with a 3-day intravenous MP followed by intravenous WIG 400 mg per kilogram of body weight per day for 3-5 days, then was switched to oral prcdnisone and cyclophosphamide at routine dose. Intravenous MG was given repeatedly with an interval of 1 month for 2-5 sessions. Patients in MP group were treated with the same corticosteroids and immunosuppressants as used in WIG group but without IVIG. Patients were followed up for 3-12 months.The clinical efficacy, related serum parameters, and systemic lupus activity measurement (SLAM) were evaluated and compared between the two groups. Results Most patients in both groups showed a remission of symptoms and reduction in disease activity after treatment. The decrease in SLAM, positivity rates of antinuclear antibodies and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies as well as the increase in platelets were faster in IVIG group than those in MP group (all P<0.05), but the long-term efficacy of the two groups was similar (P>0.05). Infections occurred in 11.8% of patients in WIG group and 36.8% of patients in MP group. Conclusions High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin may serve as an effective aid in the treatment of severe SLE, and is particularly beneficial to patients resistant to corticosteroids and immunosuppressants of routine dose and those accompanied by severe infections and intolerable to high dose of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants.

Objective To evaluate set-up errors by megavoltage cone-beam CT in head and neck cancers treated with precision radiotherapy. Methods From April 2007 to March 2008, 22 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (15 patients) ,parotid carcinoma (4 patients) and brain glioma (3 patients) were enrolled, among whom 7 patients underwent three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) and 15 received intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The radiation dose was 56. 0 -70.4 Gy in 28 -32 fractions within 6 -7 weeks. Megavoltage cone-beam scan was performed weekly before treatment. The isocenter displacement was calculated by comparing megavoltage cone-beam CT and planning CT in left-right (LR), cranio-caudal (CC), and anterior-posterior (AP) directions. Results Totally 129 sets of megavoltage cone-beam CT images were obtained for 22 patients. The frequency of isocenter shift more than 0. 3 cm,0. 4 cm and 0. 5 cm were 28,15 and 9, respectively. The maximum mean set-up error was found in CC, which was about 0. 1 cm more than that in LR and AP. The frequency of isocenter shift direction was almost identical in LR and CC, which was more frequent (about 75%) in the posterior direction. Conclusions During the course of radiation of brain tumor and head and neck cancer, the enlarging tendency of set-up errors has been found in all the three directions. The isocenter shift in AP was more frequent to the posterior direction.

Objective To evaluate application feasibility of Array CGH in genetic diagnosis of clinical complex chromosomal abnormalities.Methods Two patients of genetic counseling and two patients of prenatal diagnosis were selected from Xiamen Maternity & Child Health Care Hospital during the period of December 2010 to December 2011.Under aseptic conditions 2-4 ml peripheral blood was collected in EDTA and 2-3 ml Cord Blood was collected through cordocentesis after genetic counseling and preoperative examination.G-banded chromosome analysis and genome DNA extraction were carried out on the four cases.The whole genome of four cases were scanned and analyzed by Array CGH.The results of Array CGH were confirmed by FISH.Results Array CGH detected different kinds of duplications and deletions in several chromosomes.Most of these duplications and deletions were not detected by karyotype analysis.The results of Array CGH showed duplication of 4p16.3-4p15.31,deletion of 4p16.3 in the first case,duplication of Xp11.22-Xq11.1 in the second case,duplication of 4p16.3-4p15.32,deletion of 2q37.3 in the third case and duplication of 2q21.2-2q32.1,deletion of 2q14.3-2q21.1 in the fourth case.These duplications and deletions were confirmed by FISH.Conclusions Compared with conventional cytogenetic analysis,Array CGH can not only accurately detect micro deletion and micro duplication with high resolution and sensitivity but also identify breakpoints precisely.Array CGH can provide the basis for clinical genetic diagnosis.