Objective To investigate the status and demands of prenatal education among pregnant women,and to provide reference for better prenatal education. Methods A total of 750 pregnant women were recruited from 20 hospitals in Chengdu and were investigated with a serf-designed questionnaire. Results 74.42% of the pregnant women had participated the prenatal education,25.58% of them didn't take even one prenatal class. The most preferred knowledge was newborn care. They most preferred to take prenatal classes at weekends in small group. The women's educational level,family income, delivery experience and times of prenatal check-up were the key factors to affect the participation in the prenatal educa-tion. Conclusions It is suggested to innovate the contents and means of prenatal education in order to attract the pregnant women to participate prenatal education actively.

Objective To establish the chronic low flow myocardial hibernation animal model in pigs, and to assess the diagnostic value for myocardial hibernation by using various imaging methods. Methods A total of 13 miniswine (30-40 kg) were used. All animals underwent general anesthesia and orotracheal intubation while the animals were mechanically ventilated. Under sterile conditions, left ventriculography and coronary angiography were performed by introduction of catheter into the right femoral artery. Further, a left anterolateral thoracotomy was performed in the third intercostal space. The proximal LCX was dissected free to allow placement of an ameroid constrictor. More than 1 month later, left ventriculography and coronary angiography were performed again, followed by cine MRI at rest and during stress with low dose of dobutamine (5 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 ), respectively. Traditional and/or breath hold cine MRI were used to evaluate regional left ventricular wall motion, corresponding to basal, midventricular and apical short axis tomograms. Regional wall motion score index (WMSI) was calculated. At the same time 99m Tc MIBI myocardial SPECT was performed at rest and during nitroglycerin administration, respectively. All animals were finally sacrificed for pathological examination. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was used to assess the myocardial infarction. Electron microscopy was used to identify myocardial cellular changes characteristic of hibernating myocardium. Results Three pigs died during surgery or within two weeks after surgery. One pig died of anesthesia during SPECT examination, 1 pig suffered from aneurysm, and another one pig showed negative findings. The other 7 pigs were found with hypokinetic ( n =4) or akinetic ( n =3) myocardial regions related to stenosed LCX (70%-99%). Resting cine MRI demonstrated decreased regional motion of the lateral and posteroinferior walls (ischemic regions) of the left ventricle ( n =7), compared with the nonischemic anteroseptal regions; but the low dose dobutamine (5 ?g?kg -1 ?min -1 ) could recover those hypokinetic or akinetic myocardial regions, characteristic of hibernating myocardium. Resting 99m Tc MIBI myocardial SPECT ( n =6) showed a fixed perfusion defect on the corresponding ischemic areas, which became reversible on the nitrate augmented myocardial perfusion imaging. It also indicated myocardial viability presented at the ischemic areas. TTC staining revealed patchy infarction of the area at risk localized to the endocardial surface ( n =3), and no myocardial infarction ( n =4). Electron microscopy of sections from the hibernating regions revealed loss of contractile materials, increased numbers of small mitochondria, and glycogen accumulation within viable cardiomyocytes, which had been described as hallmarks of hibernating myocardium. Conclusion Chronic low flow myocardial hibernation can be reproduced in an animal model during progressive coronary stenosis caused by ameroid constrictor.

The healing process of skin wounds caused by severe mechanical trauma and chronic diseases(e.g.,diabetic foot ulcers)is often accompanied by tissue injury,microbial infection,intense inflammatory reactions,hypertrophic scars,and other complications.Microneedles have been widely used to facilitate wound healing in recent years.According to their different modes of action,microneedle formulation can be categorized into five types:solid microneedles,hollow microneedles,coated microneedles,soluble microneedles,and hydrogel microneedles.This paper reviews the preparation methods and characteristics of microneedles,and summarizes their roles in hemostasis,bacteriostasis,anti-inflammation,enhancement of collagen deposition,and angiogenesis,in the hope of providing some reference for future research and development.