Objective To study the effects of task-oriented training combined with electromyographic biofeedback on wrist and finger extension after stroke.Methods Thirty-eight stroke patients were assigned randomly into either an experimental group (18 cases) or a control group (18 cases).Both groups received routine rehabilitation treatment and electromyographic biofeedback training.In addition,the experimental group was given task-oriented training in wrist and finger extension.Myoelectricity values,the active range of wrist dorsiflexion and the FuglMeyer upper extremity assessment (FMA) were assessed before and after 8 weeks of training.Results All of the patients showed significant improvements after 8 weeks of training,but compared with the controls,the patients in the experimental group improved significantly more in terms of all of the measures.Conclusion Task-oriented training with electromyographic biofeedback can improve upper extremity function,particularly wrist extension,among hemiplegic stroke survivors.

BACKGROUND:Whether continuous passive motion improves osteoarthritis by enhancing the proliferation ability of chondrocytes is rarely reported.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the therapeutic outcomes of continuous passive motion in rabbits with osteoarthritis and the underlying mechanism.
METHODS:Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were randomly al otted into three groups (n=12 per group). Rabbits in control group only underwent capsulotomy with no harm to the cartilage;osteoarthritis models were established in the rabbits of model and treatment groups using Hulth method. At 1 day after modeling, the treatment group rabbits were treated with continuous passive motion, 8 hours daily for consecutive 8 weeks. Interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factorαlevels in the synovial fluid were detected by ELISA;col agen type II expression and the proliferation ability of chondrocytes were detected by MTT assay;Erk signaling pathway activation was determined using western blot assay.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:In the model group, interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factorαlevels in the synovial fluid were significantly increased, and the expression level of col agen type II mRNA was remarkablely down-regulated. Continuous passive motion significantly downregulated interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factorαlevels and up-regulated the col agen type II mRNA level (P<0.01). The model group showed significantly decreased proliferation ability of chondrocytes and down-regulated Erk signaling pathway activation, while after continuous passive motion, al above indicators were significantly improved (P<0.01). These results indicate that the continuous passive motion can al eviate osteoarthritis probably by influencing interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factorαlevels, proliferation ability of chondrocytes, and col agen type II expression, as wel as regulating Erk signaling pathway activation.

Objective To study the serotype distribution characteristics and genotypes of Salmo-nella strains isolated in Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2017. Methods Automatic microbiological identifi-cation system and mass spectrometer were used to identify Salmonella strains. Their serotypes were detected using the White-Kauffmann-Le Minor (WKL) scheme based on serological detection. Genotyping was car-ried out by referring to the molecular typing method of Salmonella serotype pulse field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) in PulsenetChina. Cluster analysis was performed with Bionumerics (7.6). Results A total of 408 strains of Salmonella were detected in food and patients in Yunnan Province form 2015 to 2017,belong-ing to 70 serotypes. Thirty-four Salmonella derby strains were detected in food,accounting for 19.10% of all Salmonella strains detected in food. Among the Salmonella strains detected in patients,71 were Salmonella enteritis and 67 were Salmonella typhimurium,accounting for 30.34% and 27.63%, respectively. Results of PFGE revealed that Salmonella derby and Salmonella typhimurium were polymorphic,and Salmonella en-teritis had obvious advantages PFGE band patterns. No obvious time or geographical aggregation was found in the PFGE bands of the three Salmonella species. Conclusion Seventy Salmonella serotypes had been iden-tified in Yunnan Province by 2017. Salmonella derby was the predominant serotype detected in food, while Salmonella enteritidis and Salmonella typhimurium were the predominant serotypes in patients. These three Salmonella species caused sporadic infections in Yunnan Province.