Objective To explore the differential value of clinical features and MRI in differentiating idiopathic granulomatous mastitis(IGM) and non-mass enhancement of breast cancer.Methods The clinical features and MRI findings of 45 cases of IGM and 57 cases of non-mass enhancement of breast cancer were analyzed retrospectively in the study.All patients were examined by routine MR scan and additional DCE and DWI scan.The difference of clinical and MRI features in 2 groups was analyzed by χ2 test.One-way ANOVA was employed to compare the ADC values between different sites of IGM and breast cancer.Results There was statistical significance between IGM and breast cancer in age at onset, enhancement pat-tern, mastalgia, nipple retraction, and thicken skin (P<0.01).The abscess area of IGM showed ob-viously hyperintensity on DWI, the non-abscess area showed hyperintensity.The lesion of the non-mass enhancement of breast cancer showed hyperintensity.There was statistical significance of ADC value between the lesion of the non-mass enhancement of breast cancer and the non-abscess area of IGM(P<0.01).Conclusion Clinical and MRI features have a certain value in the identification of IGM and non-mass enhancement of breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: In China, this laboratory is the first one to report such researches, confirming that strong αo-immunoreactive (IR) appears in the substantia gelatinosa (SG) of spinal cord and lateral spinal nucleus which is similar to the distribution of certain neuropeptides that participate in sensory regulation, which suggests that guanine nucleotide binding protein (G protein) may be related to primary afferent informational transfer. OBJECTIVE: To observe the change of αo-IR in gelatinous substance by the method of transection of unilateral spinal dorsal roots.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experiment on animals.SETTING: Staff Room of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at the Staff Room of Neurobiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from December 1995 to December 1996. Fifteen healthy adult SD rats were selected and divided into 3 groups: ①normal group with five rats (not dealt with any disposal), ②transected dorsal root group with 10 rats (right side) and ③control group (non-transected left sidedness as control).METHODS: Right lumbar 1-3 spinal neural dorsal roots were cut off under the anesthesia of 100 g/L chloral hydrate (300 mg/kg)through intraperitoneal injection in rats, living for 48-60 hours after operation. The subunit αo of guanine nucleotide-binding protein (rabbit polyclonal antiserum) was demonstrated in the αo-IR of rat spinal cord by immunohisto chemical methods. G protein was oriented, and its change was observed after transection ofneural dorsal roots MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The αo-IR of Ⅰ to Ⅲ of the dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus of the normal rats and control rats. ②The αo-IR of Ⅰ to Ⅲ of the dorsal horn and lateral spinal nucleus of rats in the transected dorsal root group. RESULTS: Data of a total of 15 rats were involved in the result analysis. ①In the normal group and control group, intense αo-IR was presented in rexed lamina ( Ⅰ to Ⅲ ) of the dorsal horn of rats, and the highest αo-IR in second lamina (SG). Lateral spinal nucleus of rat revealed higher density of αo-IR containing fiber networks. Following unilateral transection of dorsal roots in SG, αo-IR was markedly decreased. ②Quantitative analysis of absorbance (A) of αo-IR, it was (0.847±0.081) in the inside of the control group, (0.633±0.073)(t=5.71 ,P ＜ 0.001 ) in the inside of transected dorsal root group. It was (0.823±0.089) in the middle area of the control group,(0.660 4±0.074)(t=6.90,P ＜ 0.001 ) in the middle area of the transected dorsal root group. It was (0.915±0.090) in the lumbar region of the control group, and (0.656±0.077)(t=10.31 ,P ＜ 0.001 ) in the lumbar region of the transected dorsal root group. Average value of the control group was (0.852±0.084), and average value of the transected dorsal root group was (0.639±0.078)(t=10.23 ,P ＜ 0.001 ).CONCLUSION: Part of G protein of end-brush neurons related with the primary afferent noxious stimulation in SG derives from primary sensory neurons, which maybe join the adjustment of primary sensory transfer.

The effects of formaldehyde fixation on the binding capacity of opiate receptors were studied with radioreceptorassay and in vitro receptor autoradiography. Incubation with 1% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes or 12 hours has no significant influence on the binding capacity of opiate receptors of rat brain P_2 membranes, and incubation with 2% or 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 minutes also did not alter the binding capacity of opiate receptors significantly, but 12 hour incubation with 2% or 4% paraformaldehyde would change the binding capacity significantly. The saturation curve of [~3H]-etorphine binding with opiate receptors in formaldehyde fixed brain tissue sections coincided with that of unfixed brain tissue sections. The opiate receptors were successfully demonstrated with in vitro receptor autoradiography in 1% paraformaldehyde fixed spinal cord sections. These results indicate that formaldehyde fixed tissue are applicable to in vitro receptor autoradiography.

Objective To explore the related factors with plasma neuropeptide Y in 180 normal healthy people by stepwise regression analysis. Methods Right ventricular end-diastolic diameter(RVDD),inter-ventricular septum end-diastolic thickness(IVST),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVDD),left ventricular posterior wall end-diastolic thickness(LVPWT),ejection fraction(EF),strole volume(SV),cardiac output(CO),cadiac output index(CI),stroke volume index(SI) and plasma neuropeptide Y were measured respectively by echocardiography and immunoradioassay in all subjects. In addition,we examined the height,weight,blood pressure,heart rate and subcutaneous fat thickness in every subjects. Results The plasma neuropeptide Y wasn't significant difference in different gender and age(P≥0.05). The plasma neuropeptide Y of healthy population was normal distribution and the 95% of confidence interval 70.27 to 190.61,and 99% of confidence interval was 51.23 to 209.65. Conclusion The EF,height,LVST,diastolic blood pressure,CO,SV and subcutaneous fat thickness were the major related-factors of neuropeptide Y in plasma. The EF and height were negatively correlated with plasma neuropeptide Y,and other five factors were postive correlated with it.

Objective To review the outeonle of intrathoracic esophageal reconstruction using circular stapler after esophageal or cardiac cancer resection.Methods From June 1996 to April 2007,744 patients underwent tumor removal and intrathoracie esophageal reconstruction in Daping Hospital.Of all patients,658 suffered from thoracic esophageal cancer and the other 86 from cardiac cancer.The operative modalities consisted of gastroesophageal anastomosis at the top of tim thoracic cavity or above the aortic arch in 402 patients,gastroesophageal anastomosis below the aortic arch in 317,and total gastrectomy in 25(esophageal replacement with colon in 21 patients and esophagojejunostomy in 4).Results Anastomotie bleeding oecurred in 5 patients intraoperatively.One patient died of acute respiratory distress syndrome,1 of septic shock and 1 of hepatic failure postoperatively.Psychiatric disorder was observed in 5 patients,respiratory complications in 34,anastomotie fistula in 4,and anastomotic stricture in 20.Three weeks after the operation,the esophageal manometric examination in 25 patients showed that intraesophageal,anastomotie and intragastric pressures were(-0.2±2.0),(1 1.2±4.4)and(2.4±1.5)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa),respectively.Twenty-four hour pH monitoring demonstrated that 13 patients had abnormal DeMeester score(＞14.72),3 of thenl developed reflux symptoms and got relieved after receiving acid suppression therapy for 1.0-2.2 months.The 13 patients with abnormal DeMeester score were followed up for 3-38 months,and the pH value of the esophagus was back to normal in 2 patients,and it almost remained the same in 9 patients.Two patients died of tumor reculTenee of metastasis.Conclusions Intratlmracic esophageal reconstruction with circular stapler is safe,reliable and able to reduce the postoperative complications such as anastomotic fistula.

Objective To study the molecular genetic polymorphism of exons 1,5, 6, 7 of HLA-C gene in Chinese population and evaluate the significance of additional sequencing based typing at exons 1,5, 6, 7 of HLA-Cw gene in clinical HLA matching, Methods A total of 324 individuals were typed at exons 2,3, 4 of HLA-C gene by sequence-based typing. If ambiguities appeared outside of exons 2 -4, we designed a total of 5 in-house sequencing primers and optimized the sequencing reaction, additional sequencing based typing at exons 1,5, 6, 7 was performed to solove the emerging ambiguities. Results In the three hundred and twenty-four samples typed by PCR-SBT at exons 2, 3 and 4 of HLA-Cw gene, 23.8 % (77/324) of the typed samples were assigned the conclusive genotype in four digital level 76. 2% (247/324) of the typed samples were given with the ambiguous allele combination results, in which 73 kinds of ambiguous allele combinations were detected. Increasing the additional sequencing analysis at exons 1, 5, 6, 7 of HIA-C gene, ten frequent ambiguities including Cw* 030201/030202, Cw* 070201/0750, Cw* 040101/0409N/0430, Cw* 0403/0409N/0430, Cw* 080101/0822 could be distinguished. ConclusionsIncreasing the sequencing anlysis at exons 1, 5, 6 and 7 of HLA-Cw gene will help to make clear the ambiguous SBT results and also improve the accuracy of HLA-Cw typing. It shows important significance in clinical histoeompatibility matching.

In order to investigate the expression levels of Pin1 mRNA and protein in cervical cancer and its association with Ki67 and their clinical significance, amplification of Pin1 gene was examined by RT-PCR, and the expression of both Pin1 and Ki67 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in cervical cancer tissues. It was shown that the expression levels of Pin1 were higher in cervical cancer than in normal cervical tissues (P < 0.05). The expression of Pin1 protein was increased progressively along with the disease process from normal cervix to CIN and to cervical cancer (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the Pin1 expression was found between disease stages (FIGO), pathological grades or pelvic lymph node metastasis status (P > 0.05). The expression of Pin1 was significantly higher in adenocarcinoma than in squamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix (P < 0.05). In cervical cancer, the overexpression of Pin1 was positively correlated with that of Ki67 (P < 0.05). These results suggested that the overexpression of Pin1 was closely related with cancer cell proliferation or progression of cervical cancer and contributed to oncogenesis. Pin1 may serve as a potential marker for cervical cancer diagnosis.
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia/metabolism ; Ki-67 Antigen/*biosynthesis ; Ki-67 Antigen/genetics ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/*biosynthesis ; Peptidylprolyl Isomerase/genetics ; Tumor Markers, Biological ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/*metabolism

Objective To compare the effect of kidney-tonifying blood-activating recipe (KBR) and Aescuven Forte Tablets ( AFT) in improving the sperm quality of varicocele-induced male sterility, thus to optimize the therapeutic therapy for varicocele-induced male sterility. Methods A total of 102 varicocele-induced male sterility with abnormal sperm parameters after conservative treatment were randomized into KBR group (N=53) and AFT group ( N=49) . KBR group was given KBR plus natural vitamin E and AFT group was given AFT plus natural vitamin E, and the treatment lasted for 8 continuous weeks. Before and after treatment, the quality of seminal fluid was analyzed, sperm quantization parameters such as total number of sperm (TNS) , total number of progressive motility sperm ( TNPS) , total number of normal form sperm ( TNNS) and total number of nor mal form and progressive motility sperm ( TNNPS) were observed, and the improvement rate of sperm quantization parameter was compared. Results (1) Before treatment, the differences of TNS, TNPS, TNNS and TNNPS were insignificant between the two groups ( P>0.05) . After treatment, TNNS was not improved in AFT group ( P>0.05) , but TNS, TNPS, TNNPS were much improved in both groups ( P<0.01 compared with those before treatment) . The improvement of KBR group was superior to that of AFT group ( P<0.05) . ( 2) The improvement rate for TNS, TNPS, TNNS, TNNPS was 90.57%, 79.25%, 67.92%, 77.36%in KBR group, and was 75.51%, 73.47%, 28.57%, 61.22% in AFT group respectively. The improvement rate for TNS and TNNS in KBR group was superior to that in AFT group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Conclusion Varicocele-induced male sterility patients usually have the syndrome of kidney deficiency and blood stasis, so KBR, which has the function of tonifying kidney and activating blood, has synergistic action on the effect of AFT in improving sperm quality of varicocele-induced male sterility patients.

The effect of magnetic stimulation (MS) on sciatic nerve injury was observed. After sciatic nerve was crushed in 40 Sprague Dawley (SD) rats, one randomly selected group (group D) was subjected, from the 4th day post-operatively to 3 min of continuous 70% of maximum output of MS daily for 8 weeks. The other group (group E) served as a control group. The nerve regeneration and motor function recovery were evaluated by walking track analysis (sciatic function index, SFI; toe spreading reflex, TSR), electrophysiological, histological and acetylcholineesterase histochemistry. The SFI in the group D was greater than in the group E with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.01). TSR reached its peak on the 4th day in the group D and on the 10th day in the group E respectively. The amplitude and velocity of MCAP and NCAP in the group D was greater than in the group E with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.01), while the latency and duration of MCAP and NCAP in the group D were less than in the group E with the difference being also statistically significant (P < 0.01). Histological examination showed the mean axon count above the lesion for thick myelinated fibers (> 6.5 microns) in the group D was greater than in the control group with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.01), while the mean axon count below the lesion for thick myelinated fibers was less than that in the group E with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.01). The mean axon count above the lesion for thin myelinated fibers (2-6.5 microns) in the group D was greater than that in the group E with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.05), while the mean axon count below the lesion for thin myelinated in the group D was greater than that in the group E with the difference being statistically significant (P < 0.01). Acetylcholine esterase examination showed that the MS could significantly increase the number of the motor neurons. There was no significant difference in the number of the motor neurons between the treatment side and the normal side (P > 0.05). It can be concluded that MS can enhance functional recovery and has a considerable effect in the treatment of the peripheral nerve injury.
Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism ; Electromagnetics ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; *Nerve Regeneration ; Random Allocation ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sciatic Nerve/*injuries ; Sciatic Nerve/*physiopathology ; Sciatic Neuropathy/rehabilitation

OBJECTIVETo study genetic polymorphisms of the KIR2DS4 gene among ethnic Hans from southern China.

METHODSGenomic DNA was isolated from 306 unrelated individuals and amplified with KIR2DS4-specific PCR primers. KIR2DS4-positive samples were genotyped for the entire coding sequence by sequencing-based typing (SBT). Assignment of allelic genotypes was accomplished by using Assign 3.5 software. For samples with inconclusive SBT results, RT-PCR products covering the entire coding sequence of the KIR2DS4 gene were subjected to cloning and haplotype sequencing.

RESULTSAmong all tested samples, 297 were demonstrated to have carried the KIR2DS4 framework gene. For KIR2DS4-positive samples subjected to SBT for the entire coding sequences, no background was observed with the obtained sequences. Three of the seven identified alleles were of novel types, which were officially named by the KIR subcommittee of the World Health Organization Nomenclature Committee for Factors of HLA System. The observed frequencies for the 7 alleles were KIR2DS4*00101 (78.8%), *003 (10.5%), *004 (16.0%), *010 (23.2%), *017 (0.3%), *00105 (0.3%) and *018 (0.7%), respectively. Allele KIR2DS4*007 was not found. The overall frequency for normal cell-surface expression KIR2DS4 alleles including 2DS4*00101, *017 and *00105 was 79.4%, and that for non cell-surface expression alleles including 2DS4*003, *004, *010 and *018 was 50.4%. The ratio between the two was 1.6:1.

CONCLUSIONThe present study has elucidated the allelic diversity of KIR2DS4 among ethnic Hans from southern China, which may provide valuable data for transplantation as well as studies on KIR-associated disease and evolution.

Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; China ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Genotyping Techniques ; methods ; Haplotypes ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, KIR ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; methods