Objective:To study clinical efficacy of one-visit versus two-visit root canal therapy for pulpitis, apical periodontitis and taintless teeth with nickel-titanium rotary instruments and ultrasonic irrigation unit. Methods: A total of 309 patients with 338 teeth were selected. The teeth were classified into pulpitis group, apical periodontitis group and taintless teeth group. Patients were randomly assigned to either the one-visit or two-visit root canal therapy, the treatment effects were evaluated with clinical trial and radiography after 3 days, 1 week, 1 month and 3 months. Results: The short-term outcome was changes in apical bone density by using the periapical index (PAI), long-term outcome exhibited equally improvement in clinical curative effect in both groups. Although one-visit root treatment could cause more intensive postoperative pain than that of two-visit endodontic treatment during 1-3 days, the indisposition could be eliminated by using medicine. Conclusion: By using of the nickel-titanium rotary instruments and canal ultrasonic irrigation unit, the cure rate of root canal therapy of one-visit and two-visit endodontic treatment has been improved, with no significant difference between two groups, so that one-visit root treatment can be used in clinic.

Objective Little is known about the effects of antioxidant on the micturition function in diabetic cystopathy .In this study, we investigated the effects of antioxidant sulforaphane on bladder micturition function in diabetes mellitus ( DM)mice with bladder underactivity . Met hods We established DM models in mice by intraperitoneal injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ)at 65 mg/kg and randomly divided them into three groups , sulforaphane treatment (n=10), vehicle treatment (n=10), and DM model (n=10), with another 10 normal healthy mice included as blank controls.At 24 weeks of the experiment, we obtained and analyzed such indexes of mice as the body weight , fasting blood glucose (FBG), 24-hour urine volume (24 h UV) and bladder wet weight ( BWW ) , results of cystometrography , and cystometric parameters including intercontraction interval ( ICI ) , maximum bladder pressure during micturition ( Pmax ) , maximum cystometric capacity (MCC), void volume (VV), post-void residual urine vol-ume (PVR) and residual urine rate (RUR). Results Compared with the blank controls , the DM models with bladder underactivity showed significantly increases in BWW ([67.96 ±2.35]mg), 24 h HU ([22.47 ±1.93]mL), MCC ([0.70 ±0.03]mL), VV (0[.23 ±0.01]mL), PVR ([0.49 ±0.02]mL), RUR ([70.10 ± 0.80]%), and ICI, but a remarkable decrease in Pmax .Sulforaphane treatment significantly reduced BWW ([576.9 ±2.41]mg), 24 h HU ([16.27 ±1.51] mL), MCC ([0.54 ±0.03]mL), PVR ([0.34 ±0.02]mL), RUR ([62.71 ±1.26]%), and ICI of the diabetic mice . Conclusion Sulforaphane could improve bladder micturition function in mice with STZ-induced DM , which might be related to its action mechanism of antioxidative stress damage .

OBJECTIVE: To establish a biofilm model of Haemophilus influenzae and observe the effect of ambroxol on biofilm of Haemophilus influenzae and bactericidal action. METHOD: Thirty strains of Haemophilus influenzae were isolated from adenoids of children with adenoidal hypertrophy. Two strains which could build stronger biofilms was selected in a 96-well plate. The effect of ambroxol on biofilms were determined by crystal violet, and the structure of biofilms were observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). The numbers of viable bacterial in biofilm after ambroxol treatmented determined by plate culture count. RESULT: Through crystal violet assay, significant difference (P < 0.01) between the two group after treatment was found when ambroxol concentration reached at 0.25 mg/ml and 0.49 mg/ml. The biofilms was destroyed by SEM. Ambroxol had the positive effect on bacterial killing by plate culture count,and the effect was in a dose dependent. CONCLUSION Ambroxol could destroy the biofilm of Haemophilus influenzae, and had bactericidal function in vitro.
Ambroxol ; pharmacology ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Haemophilus influenzae ; drug effects ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Objective To examine the role of β-tubulin on the interaction between the cholecystokinin B receptor (CCKBR),dopamine D5 receptor(D5R), and water-sodium metabolism. Methods Normotensive and hypertensive renal proximal tubular cells(RPTC)were equally randomized into three separate groups: a gastrin group, fenoldopam group,and gastrin+nocodazole group. Immunofluorescence was used to determine localization of β-tubulin,CCKBR,and D5R. Western blotting was used to detect CCKBR, D5R, and Na-K-ATP expression. Results Gastrin stimulation in normotensive RPTC increased D5R expression(P < 0.05)and decreased Na-K-ATP expression(P < 0.05). These changes were blocked by a tubulin inhibitor(P < 0.05). However, interaction between CCKBR, D5R, and Na-K-ATP expression was not significantly affected in hypertensive RPTC. Immunofluorescence showed that CCKBR and D5R can induce one another,followed by transport to the plasma membrane, which can prevented by a tubulin inhibitor. Further, tubulin is disordered in hypertensive RPTC,which cannot support intracellular CCKBR and D5R transport. Conclusions tubulin plays a key role in the interaction between CCKBR, D5R, and water-sodium metabolism by improving protein transfer from the cytoplasm to cell membrane.

Objective To explore the role of Sestrin2 in pulmonary alveolar type II epithelial cell injury induced by cigarette smoking and its mechanism of action. Methods The cell injury model was induced by cigarette smoke extract (CSE)in the human pulmonary alveolar type II epithelial A549 cells. The generation of ROS was detected by DCFDA fluorescence probe. The levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-8 were determined by ELISA, and the expression of Sestrin2 and the peroxiredoxin,Prx-SO2/3H,was detected by Western blot. In addition,all the events were also measured in the A549 cells which were transfected with Sestrin2 siRNA and treated with azithromycin. Results After the CSE treatment,the expression of Sestrin2 in the A549 cells was decreased, the expression of Prx-SO2/3H was increased, the ROS production,secretion of cytokines TNF-α and IL-8 were increased(P < 0.05). These changes were partly reducedby azithromycin, indicating that azithromycin significantly relieved CSE-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory injury.Silencing of Sestrin2 in the A549 cells result ed in an increase of Prx-SO2/3 H expression, ROS production and the secretionof the cytokines TNF-α and IL-8. However, oxidative stress and inflammatory injury were not alleviated with the addition ofazithromycin in the Sestrin2 siRNA silencing A549 cells. Conclusions Sestrin2 plays an protective role in the pulmonaryalveolar type II epithelial cell injury induced by cigarette smoking through negatively regulating the level of intracellularROS via catalyzing the reduction of the hyperoxidized peroxiredoxin Prx-SO2/3 H.

PURPOSE: Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) play a key role in tissue repair and regeneration. Previous studies have shown that infusion of human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial colony-forming cells improves outcomes in mice subjected to experimental traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, the efficiency of cell transplantation is not satisfactory. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the survival of transplanted cells following ischemic reperfusion injury. This observational clinical study investigated the correlation between the number of circulating EPCs and plasma levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonyldialdehyde (MDA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were collected from 20 patients with mild TBI at day-1, day-2, day-3, day-4, and day-7 post TBI. The number of circulating EPCs and the plasma levels of SOD and MDA were measured. RESULTS: The average of circulating EPCs in TBI patients decreased initially, but increased thereafter, compared with healthy controls. Plasma levels of SOD in TBI patients were significantly lower than those in healthy controls at day-4 post-TBI. MDA levels showed no difference between the two groups. Furthermore, when assessed on day-7 post-TBI, the circulating EPC number were correlated with the plasma levels of SOD and MDA. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the number of circulating EPCs is weakly to moderately correlated with plasma levels of SOD and MDA at day-7 post-TBI, which may offer a novel antioxidant strategy for EPCs transplantation after TBI.
Animals ; Brain Injuries* ; Cell Transplantation ; Clinical Study ; Endothelial Progenitor Cells* ; Humans ; Malondialdehyde ; Mice ; Oxidative Stress* ; Plasma ; Regeneration ; Reperfusion Injury ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Transplants ; Umbilical Cord

As a physical method, electromagnetic therapy has been widely used in clinical treatment of various human diseases. In this paper, a total of 123 research papers related to the clinical application of electromagnetic therapy were retrieved from the Chinese Journal Full-text Database also known as China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WANFANG Database, Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (CSTJ), PubMed, Europe PMC, etc. All papers were analyzed and evaluated, and 58 effective articles were selected. The clinical application and therapeutic effects of electromagnetic therapy on several diseases were reviewed, including hypertension, diabetes, insomnia, depression and osteoporosis. The categories of commonly used electromagnetic therapy were sorted out and summarized, including magnetization at acupoints, pulsed electromagnetic fields, gyromagnetic, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, and wearing magnetic items. The results show that electromagnetic therapy has a wide range of applications and small side effects, it has significant effects on some medical diseases, neurological diseases, and orthopedic diseases.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical and radiological efficacy of paraspinal muscle approach with winglike working channel in the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spine fracture.

METHODSFrom October 2010 to August 2012, a total of 51 patients with thoracic and lumbar spine fractures without neurological symptoms were enrolled in the study, including 32 males and 19 females. All patients were divided into two groups: 26 patients were treated through posterior paraspinal muscle approach with winglike working channel, and 25 patients were treated through traditional posterior approach. In all patients, the interval between injury and operation was less than two weeks; the vertebral canal blocked area was less than 1/3 in sagittal diameter; the compression of the fractured vertebra height was less than 2/3. And the patients with pathological fracture and severe osteoporosis were excluded. The perioperative index including operative blood loss, draining loss, operative time, postoperative bed time were recorded. The clinical results were evaluated by visual analogue scale (VAS) for back pain preoperatively, at 3 days, 3 months, the last follow-up postoperatively and modified Macnab criteria at the last follow-up. The radiological results were evaluated by sagittal Cobb angle and the anterior height of the fractured vertebra. The data of two groups were compared statistically with paired and independent t test, χ² test, Mann-Whitney U test and Wilcoxon test.

RESULTSAll patients were followed up with average of 16.6 months. In the two groups, the operative blood loss was respectively (91.5 ± 36.6) ml and (209.2 ± 38.3) ml (t=-11.216, P=0.000), draining loss was (13.7±4.4) ml and (162.3 ± 56.6) ml (t=-13.352, P=0.000), postoperative bed time was (87.3 ± 11.5) hours and (118.4 ± 20.4) hours (t=-6.727, P=0.000), VAS for back pain at 3 days postoperatively was 5.5 ± 1.0 and 6.4 ± 0.8 (t=-3.304, P=0.002), also VAS at the last follow-up was 1.0 (1.0) and 2.0 (1.0) (U=191.0, P=0.008). Data above showed significant differences between the two groups.No significant differences were found in operative time, (109.0 ± 29.7) min vs. (119.2 ± 26.8) min (t=-1.283, P=0.206), and modified Macnab criteria (χ²=0.513, P=0.774) between the two groups. The anterior height of the fractured vertebra preoperatively, at 1 week and the last follow-up postoperatively of the two groups were respectively (57.2 ± 11.8)% and (55.2 ± 10.9)% (t=0.685, P=0.496), (95.2 ± 8.3)% and (95.3 ± 5.8%) (t=-0.068, P=0.946), (92.9 ± 6.7)% and (92.1 ± 5.6)% (t=0.505, P=0.615). The sagittal Cobb angles preoperatively, at 1 week and the last follow-up postoperatively of the two groups were respectively 21.0° (12.5°) and 23.0° (12.0°) (U=316.0, P=0.544), 3.0° (5.5°) and 4.0° (4.5°) (U=342.5, P=0.893), 4.0° (5.5°) and 6.0° (6.0°) (U=328.5, P=0.701). There were no significant differences of these radiological results between the two groups in the same time point.

CONCLUSIONThe paraspinal muscle approach with winglike working channel in the treatment of thoracic and lumbar spine fracture is an efficient surgical option which can acquire satisfactory clinical and radiological results.

Blood Loss, Surgical ; Drainage ; Female ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; injuries ; Male ; Operative Time ; Orthopedic Procedures ; methods ; Pain Measurement ; Paraspinal Muscles ; surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Pressure ; Spinal Fractures ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; injuries ; Visual Analog Scale