[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Re on intimal hyperplasia induced by bal-loon-injury and to explore the role of NF-κB p65 signaling pathway in the process.METHODS:SD rats (n=40) were di-vided into 5 groups randomly: sham operation group, model group, low-dose ginsenoside Re group, middle-dose ginsen-oside Re group and high-dose ginsenoside Re group.The carotid artery intima injury model was established by 2F balloon catheters in all groups except the sham operation group.The day after modeling, the animals in model group and sham op-eration group were administered intragastrically with distilled water, and the rats in low-dose, middle-dose and high-dose ginsenoside Re groups were given ginsenoside Re at doses of 12.5 mg/kg, 25mg/kg and 50 mg/kg, respectively.After 14 continuous days, the morphological changes of the injured arteries were observed by HE staining and the lumen area, intima area and media area as well as the ratio of intimal area/media area were determined.The expression of tumor necrosis fac-tor-α( TNF-α) and interleukin-1β( IL-1β) were detected by real-time PCR.The proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PC-NA) and nuclear factor-kappa B ( NF-κB) p65 were examined by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:Compared with sham operation group, the vessel cavity was narrowed (P<0.01), the mRNA levels of TNF-αand IL-1β, and the protein ex-pression of PCNA and NF-κB p65 were increased in model group (P<0.05).Compared with model group, the vascular intimal hyperplasia was alleviated obviously (P<0.05), and the mRNA levels of TNF-αand IL-1β, and protein expres-
sion of PCNA and NF-κB p65 were decreased in medium and high-dose ginsenoside Re groups (P<0.05).CONCLU-SION:Ginsenoside Re inhibits the vascular neointimal hyperplasia induced by balloon-injury in rats, and the molecular mechanism may be related to the inhibition of NF-κB p65 signaling pathway.

Objective To observe the application effect of Yunnan baiyao powder and alcohol with VitB12 on exosmosis of vincristin. Methods The 40 patients with exosmosis of vincristin were randomly divided into the treatment group(22 cases)and the control group( 18 cases).The treatment group was given the Yunnan baiyao powder and alcohol with VitB12,the control group was given magnesium sulfate for hydropathic compress.The effective rate and red swelling and ulcer of the skin in the two groups were evaluated. Results The effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group,red swelling and the diameter of the ulcer of the skin on the fifth and seventh day were shorter than the control group. Conclusions The Yunnan baiyao powder and alcohol with VitB12 are effective in treatment of the exosmosis induced by vincristin.

Objctive To study the effects of traditional Chinese medicine S Kangdu mixture on functions of immune system and bone marrow in mice. Methods Animal model, which marrow and immune system were inhibited, was established by 60 Co or cyclophosphamide injection. The mixture was administrated orally. The white blood cell counts, spleen colony formed unites (CFU S), and the index of carbon clean up were measured. Results The mixture obviously improved leukopenia in peripheral induced by cyclophosphamide administration, and facilitated marrow karyocyte proliferation and formation of CFU S in 60 Co treated mice and reinforced phagocytosis of mononuclear phagocytic system in cyclophosphamide treated mice. Conclusion Traditional Chinese medicine S Kangdu mixture can significantly ameliorate immunological function and stimulate hemopoietic function in mice.

Objective To investigate the effects of icariin (ICA) on partial vasoactive substances in monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) rat model.Methods Sixty male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:normal control group,model control group,ICA low-,middle-and high-dose (20,40,80 mg · kg-1 · d-1) group,12 rats in each group.Except for normal control group,the rats were injected with MCT (50 mg · kg-1 · d-1) to establish PAH model.After 1 week MCT-injection,ICA was given by intragastric administration for 3 weeks according to different groups.Mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) was recorded through catheter connected with Power Lab system.Except for normal control group,the right ventricular hypertrophy index (RVHI) was calculated using formula:right ventricle weight/the weight of left ventricle with septum× 100％.The morphology of lung artery was assessed by HE staining.Concentration of angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ),endothelin (ET),prostaglandine F2α(PGF2α),thromboxane A2(TXA2) and prostacyclin (PGI2) in serum was measured by ELISA kit assay.The protein levels of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE),cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and thromboxane A2 synthetase (TXAS) were analyzed by Western blotting,expression of ACE,COX-2 and TXAS mRNA was measured by real time RT-PCR.Results Compared with the normal control group,mPAP [(48.5±5.2) mmHg] and RVHI (33.3±3.8)％in model control group were significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05),the morphology revealed there was obvious artery remodeling at distal artery,the contents of Ang Ⅱ,PGFA2,TXA2 in serum were elevated,and ACE,COX-2 and TXAS gene expression was up-regulated in rats treated with MCT.ICA (40,80 mg · kg-1 · d-1) treatment significantly attenuated mPAP,RVHI and pulmonary artery remodeling (P ＜ 0.05),and decreased the contents of serum Ang Ⅱ,ET,PGF2β,TXA2,and PGI2,and inhibited the gene expression of ACE,COX-2 and TXAS.Conclusion ICA decreases the contents of AngⅡ,ET,PGI2,PGF2α and TXA2 in the serum of MCT-induced PAH rats,which may be one of the mechanisms underlying ICA inhibiting PAH.

Objective To improve the usage of foam dressing at the sacrococcygeal region and observe its application effect. Methods A total of 80 hospitalized patients with high risk of pressure ulcer were chosen during May to December 2015 as study objects. Patients were drawn into the observation group and the control group, each group contained 40 members. Proper-cutting foam dressings and normal foam dressing were applied in patients by the observation group and the control group individually. Researchers made records by comparing and analyzing the usage time of dressing and the skin intact of two groups. Results The observation group used foam dressing (1.88±0.12) blocks per person, foam dressing use time was (3.87±0.34) d per block, and in the control group, they were (2.60±0.38) blocks per person, (2.13±0.89) d per block, there was significant difference between two groups (t=11.427, 11.551, P<0.05). The skin integrity rate of the observation group and the control group were 95.0%(38/40) and 75.0%(30/40), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=6.275, P<0.05). Conclusions This study shows that the foam dressing need to be cut appropriately before pasting so that the clinical nurses can observe patient's skin conveniently. Once the skin has pressure red, the nurse can take timely measures to deal with it, which can decrease the incidence of pressure sores. The cutting dressing prolongs the period of using without removing the viscose part, which also can reduce the medical expenses.

Objective:To form the expert consensus on screening and evaluation of dysphagia with oral cancer patients (abbreviated as Consensus) , so as to standardize the relevant contents of screening and evaluation of dysphagia in the whole cycle of oral cancer. Methods:By referring to domestic and foreign literature related to dysphagia, combining with the specialty characteristics of oral cancer and the clinical experience of experts, a preliminary consensus was formed through in-depth interviews with experts. A total of 21 experts were selected for three rounds of expert letter consultation and expert meeting, the corresponding items were sorted out, analyzed and modified based on expert opinions, and the Consensus was finally formed. Results:The effective recovery rates of the three rounds of correspondence were 100.00% (21/21) , the expert authority coefficient was 0.91, the variation coefficient of each item was 0.04-0.20, and Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.05 ( P<0.05) . The final consensus included four aspects, such as the effect of oral cancer on swallowing, the clinical manifestations of dysphagia, the basic procedures of screening and evaluation and the prevention and treatment of complications during evaluation. Conclusions:This Consensus is scientific and practical, which can provide clinical guidance for the screening and evaluation of dysphagia in the whole cycle of oral cancer.

Hypertension and its associated cardiovascular diseases such as stroke and ischemic heart disease result in a high burden of disease and health losses, making it the most burdensome disease in the world and one of the important public health issues in China. Currently Chinese scholars have carried out a large number of studies on the prevalence of hypertension, including regional and national prevalence studies. However, long-term follow-up studies on incidence of hypertension are relatively few and mostly limited to specific ages and regions. This paper summarizes the prevalence, incidence and epidemiological trend of hypertension in Chinese adults. The hypertension prevalence increased from 5.1% in 1959 to 27.5% in 2018, and presents an overall trend of high in the north and low in the south. The hypertension incidence is at a high level (the cumulative incidence was 33.4% after 22 years-follow-up), but there are few researches on the trend of hypertension incidence in huge region.