Thirty cases were treated. Of them, 2 were basically cure, 8 remitted, 14 remarkably ameliorated, 6 cases ineffective, the total effective rate being 80%. Changes in signs and symptoms revealed that the rate of amelioration was over 75%. After the therapy, the values of CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8 were all markedly increased, CD8 markedly lowered with significant statistic differece (P

AIM To purify cardiotoxin from Naja atra venom and investigate the relationship between cardiotoxicity of cardiotoxin and coronary artery spasm induced by cardiotoxin. METHODS Cardio toxin 13 (CTX 13) was fractionated and purified by chromatography and gel filtration from Chinese cobra (Naja atra) venom. The cardiotoxicity were observed in rat in situ, its isolated heart preparation and papillary muscle preparations. RESULTS Ion exchange chromatography of lyophilized cobra venom on SP Sephadex C 50 yielded 15 fractions, of thses fractions, cardiotoxic activities were found in fraction 11, 12, 13, and 14. Gel filtration and Ion chromatography of fraction 13 on Sephadex G 50 and SP Sephadex C 25 were performed consecutively and CTX 13 was obtained. It was homogeneous on polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with MW= 7 769 ku, and 60 amino acid residues. The iv LD 50 in mice was 0 756 mg?kg -1 . CTX 13 increased the coronary resistance and reduced the contractility of rat Langendorff heart preparations. Systolic standstill finally occurred. When the heart preparations were pretreated with nitrendipine, an calcium channel blocker, the resistance seldom increased. The contractility slightly decreased at the beginning and then significantly increased. The tonus of contraction did not occurred. CTX 13 induced dose dependent contraction of pig coronary artery ring segments. Nitrendipine inhibited the action of CTX 13 on the coronary ring segments. However, nitrendipine had no effects on the action of CTX 13 in the rat papillary muscle preparations. The MLD of CTX 13 by venoclysis was changed from (444 7?28 5) ?g?kg -1 to (541 1?23 2) ?g?kg -1 in anaesthetized rats while the rats were pretreated with nitrendipine. CONCLUTION The coronary artery spasm may be one of the causes of death due to CTX 13.

AIM This study is to observe the effects of acutobin on the activity of tissue type plasminogen activitor(t PA) and tissue plasminogen activitor inhibitor(PAI) in the cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells, aiming at disclosing some of the mechanisms of thrombolysis of acutobin. METHODS Endothelial cells were isolated from fresh human umbilical cords by trypsin digestion of the interior surface of the umbilical vein. Cultured cells were examined by light, phase contrast and electron microscopy. The factorⅧ related antigen and CD34 of the cells were detected by AEC and DAB staining. Chromogenic assay was used to identify the activity of t PA and PAI in the medium of culture cells. Fibrin degradation products(FDPs) were measured using ELISA kit. RESULTS The cultured human umbilical endothelial cells were shown as monolayers of closely opposed, polygonal cobblestone shape by light and phase contrast microscopy. By transmission electron microscopy, cultured endothelial cells contained Weibel Palade body and showed tight junction with each other. The cells contained abundant quantities of CD34 and factorⅧ related antigen. The intercellular space among individual cell enlarged and lost polygonal cobblestone shape in the present of acutobin. Activity of t PA increased, the activity of PAI did not change significantly and FDPs increased significantly in the culture medium. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates the culture cells was endothelial cells according to morphologic and immunohistologic criteria. Acutobin increases the fibrinolytic activity of cultured endothelial cells and may exhibit antithrombotic effect in vivo.

The article introduced the research status of medication safety of elderly patients with chronic diseases at home,and discussed their attitudes and ways of participation in medication safety and the factors which influenced them.In the end,it summarized multiple interventions of patients participating in medication safety and put forward the development of strategies which were suitable for Chinese cultural backgrounds and operable for patients participating in medication safety at home.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang on endurance to ischemia and hypoxia .Methods Mice were randomized into four groups :control group ,positive drug control group ,Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang high‐dose group (0 .93 g/kg) ,and Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang low‐dose group (0 .465 g/kg) . All mice were treated with corresponding drugs for 7 days .The hypoxia mice model was established through hypoxia in the closed jars , cerebral anoxia by decapitation , poisoning with sodium nitrite and isoprenaline . Then the hypoxia‐ischemia rat model was established by injecting isoproterenol . The anti‐hypoxic effects were observed . Results Compared with control group ,Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang high‐dose group (0 .93 g/kg) had a tendency to extend the survival time of mice model established through hypoxia in the closed jars ;Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang high‐dose (0 .93 g/kg) and low‐dose (0 .465 g/kg) groups had a tendency to extend the survival time of mice model established through cerebral anoxia by decapitation (P>0 .05) .Compared with that in control group ,the survival time of mice in Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang low‐dose group under poisoning with sodium nitrite and Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang high‐dose group under poisoning with isoprenaline were significantly prolonged .Besides ,Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang relieved myocardial tissue damage caused by ischemia and hypoxia ( P< 0 .05 ) .Conclusion Gui Zhi Fuling Jiaonang has an obviously protective effect on isoprenaline‐induced hypoxia and myocardial ischemia .

ObjectiveTo retrospectively analyze the distribution of artery involvement above the aortic arch and differences incidence of cerebral ischemic in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis (TA) by color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI).MethodsA total of 84 cases (aged from 11 to 70 years old, median age 39 years old) continuous observed from August 2005 to June 2013 were included in this study. All patients were detected by CDFI and confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and clinical examination. The distribution of the involved arteries were analyzed.ResultsA total of 924 vessels (84 patients) was detected, 352 (38.1%) arteries involved inflammatory lesions. The prevalence rate of female was higher than male (92.9% and 7.1%) significantly. The symptoms of cerebral ischemic included dizziness, syncope, TIA, amaurosis etc. The involvement rate of common carotid artery (CCA) was the highest (94.0%), followed by the subclavian arterythe (SA) (82.1%). The detecting rate of bilateral CCA was higher than that of bilateral SA, 75% and 50% (χ2=15.732,P=0.003), respectively. The rate of combined lesions of CCA and SA were higher in left (64.3%) than the right 56% (χ2=12.777,P=0.001). Most patients had multiple vascular (≥ 3
vessels) diseases (69.1%). No significant difference was found in the incidence of cerebral ischemia symptoms in patients with bilateral CCA or SA lesions (74.6% with78.6%) (χ2=0.219,P=0.411). No significant difference was found inthe patients with left or right CCA combined with SA lesions (76.5% with 76.4% ,χ2=1.230, P=0.602) also. The incidence of cerebral ischemia for greater than 3 vessel disease was significantly higher than less vessels (69.1% with 30.9%) (χ2=6.674,P=0.010).ConclusionThe study in the distribution of aortic arch vascular lesion for the patients with Takayasu arteritis by CDFI is valuable for the early detection and treatment of vascular lesions, and decresing the incidence of ischemic cerebrovascular disease.

Objective To analyze the correlation of characteristics of carotid artery structure and the incidence of residual stenosis after carotid artery stent (CAS) placement and its influencing factors using color Doppler flow imaging (CDFI).Methods Five hundred and ninety-six cases from January 2013 to December 2015 who underwent CAS (600 pieces of stent) were included in this study.All patients were examined by CDFI within 1 month before and 1 week after carotid artery stenting.The incidence of residual stenosis was analysed.The correlation of residual stenosis and the characteristics of carotid artery lesions and atherosclerotic plaque before stenting were analyzed respectively.Results There was positive correlation between the incidence rates of residual stenosis and irregularly shaped plaque (odd ratios,9.02;95% confidence interval,5.21-15.59,P<0.05),the plaques with calcification in the surface(odd ratios,2.55;95% confidence interval,1.45-4.49,P<0.05),the residual diameter of carotid stenosis less than 1.0 mm(odd ratios,1.61;95% confidence interval,1.06-2.45,P<0.05),which were the independent risk factors for influencing residual stenosis after CAS.Conclusions Choosing a more adaptable stent based on the characteristics of carotid artery lesions and atherosclerotic plaque by CDFI before stenting may be useful for the patients to get best result of revascularization.The rate of residual stenosis may be decreased.

A 56-year-old female was admitted to Department of Gastroenterology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital with diarrhea for seven months, and abnormal liver function for six months. She had a history of type 1 diabetes. The main clinical manifestations were recurrent fatty diarrhea and abnormal liver function, accompanied by abdominal and retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, elevated CA19-9 and CEA. Progressive impairment of hepatic synthetic function and shrinkage of liver developed in a short period of time. The pathology of liver biopsy suggested that nodular regeneration of hepatocytes was followed by hyperplasia of thin bile ducts after submassive necrosis. Intestinal mucosa biopsies were performed twice. The pathology showed that the intestinal villi were completely blunt, accompanied with crypt hyperplasia. Goblet cells disappeared with reduced mucin. Paneth cells were barely seen without intraepithelial infiltration of lymphocytes. Rifaximin was not effective, while glucocorticoids improved clinical situation. The diagnosis of autoimmune enteropathy was finally confirmed by multidisciplinary team including departments of gastroenterology, pathology, endocrinology, hematology, infectious diseases, and rheumatology. With the administration of glucocorticoid and sirolimus, diarrhea relieved and liver function returned to normal.

Objective: To observe the activation of microglia and the changing rule of inflammatory cytokine as IL-6, IL-10 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in experimental rabbits after spinal cord ischemia reperfusion (SCIR) injury in order to provide theoretical basis for post-conditioning time. Methods: Rabbit SCIR injury model was established by thoracic aorta balloon occlusion. 54 New Zealand male adult white rabbits were divided into 9 groups: Sham group (the animals received balloon implantation without occlusion), SCIR-0h group (reperfusion was conducted at 0 hour of spinal cord ischemia), SCIR-1h, -2h, -3h, -8h, -24h,-48h and -72h groups. n=6 in each group. The number of normal and apoptosis neurons, the levels of Iba-1, IL-6, IL-10 and NF-κB in spinal tissue were examined and compared among different groups respectively. Results: The number of normal neuron was decreasing with the extended reperfusion time, TUNEL-positive neuron began to increasing in SCIR-8h group and the peak was reached in SCIR-24h group. The expression of Iba-1 began to elevating in SCIR-2h group and the peak was obtained in SCIR-8h group; NF-κB began to rising in SCIR-3h group and the peak was observed in SCIR-8h group; both IL-6 and IL-10 arrived the peak in SCIR-24h group. The expressions of NF-κB, IL-6 and IL-10 were positively related to Iba-1 level. Conclusion: Microglia activation had dynamic changes in experimental SCIR rabbits and the expression levels of NF-κB, IL-6 and IL-10 were positively to microglia activation; post-conditioning time at front and back to microglia activation may reduce neuron injury.

Objective To investigate the invasion situation of cardinal ligaments(CL) in stage Ⅰ A2 - ⅡA2 cervical cancer and to find the high risk clinicopathological factors affecting its invasion .Methods The retrospective analysis was performed on the clinicopathological data in 2 982 patients with cervical cancer treated by operation extracted in 5 hospitals from January 2004 to De‐cember 2014 .Results (1) Totally 855 cases according with the research condition were included .The CL invasion was found in 20 cases(2 .3% ) .No CL invasion occurred in the stage ⅠA2 ,the CL invasion rate in the stage ⅠB1 was 1 .7% ,in the stage ⅠB2 was 1 .2% ,in the stage ⅡA1 was 5 .7% and in the stage ⅡA2 was 2 .9% .With the increase of FIGO staging ,the CL invasion rate had no significant increase(P=0 .269) .(2) The infiltration rate of left CL and right CL had no statistical difference among the stageⅠA2- ⅡA2(P=1 .000) .And the invasion rate of the left CL with different FIGO stages had no statistical difference(P=0 .286) , while the right one had statistical difference(P=0 .005) ,in which the highest was in the stage ⅡA1 (4 .3% ) .(3)The univariate a‐nalysis found that lymph‐vascular invasion ,cervical stroma infiltration depth ,pelvic lymph node metastasis ,uterus body infiltration and vaginal fornix infiltration were the risk factors of CL invasion(P<0 .01);the further multivariate analysis determined that the invasion of uterine body(OR=11 .858) ,pelvic lymph node metastasis(OR=6 .359 ,) ,vaginal fornix infiltration(OR=6 .012 ,) were the risk factors for CL invasion(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The invasion rate of CL invasion in early stage cervcial cancer is low .The invasion of uterine body ,pelvic lymph node metastasis and vaginal fornix filtration are the risk factors for CL invasion in the stageⅠA2- ⅡA2 cervical cancer .