Glaucoma is one of the major causes of blindness worldwide.The symptom of glaucoma is not obvious and the rate of blindness is quite high in glaucoma.Over 90％ of the glaucoma patients were unaware about the disease.Increasing awareness of glaucoma will promote the patients to find the sign of glaucoma and will thereby prevent blindness due to glaucoma.Increasing awareness of glaucoma is the most effective way of early detection,early diagnosis,timely treatment and rescuing surviving visual function in glaucoma patients.Many scholars have done a lot of researches on awareness of glaucoma.This article reviewed recent researches on the awareness of glaucoma,including the actuality of glaucoma awareness,the way to get the knowledge of glaucoma,the factors affecting the awareness,the influence of awareness on psychological barriers and the quality of life,and the impact of learning and health education on awareness.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and treatment of posterior fossa hemangioblastoma.Methods The data of 44 cases with posterior fossa hemangioblastoma verified by surgery and pathology were analyzed retrospectively.Results Preoperative definite diagnosis cases were 41.Total tumor removal was achieved in 37 cases. Four cases died of the operation.Conclusions Posterior fossa solid hemangioblastoma are still challenging neoplasmas.For this kind of tumor,biopsy and partial removal are forbidden,and this tumor is removed after devascularity of supply blood artery.CT and MRI are major preoperatively diagnosis method for posterior fossa hemangioblastoma. The application of special microsurgical technique can improve surgical efficacy.

Objective To form a concise and useful warning scale of suicide ideation of inpatients with somatic disease.Methods 2 677 inpatients who were more than 15 years old were randomly selected in a comprehensive hospital during the period of 2010.11-2013.02.Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) and self-designed questionnaires which included general information,suicide risk factors and somatic disease were applied.Chi square test,partial correlation analysis,t test,correlation analysis and ROC curve analysis were used for statistical analysis.Results 1.The warning scale of suicide ideation which contained 18 items was formed.2.The Cronbach's Alpha reliability of the warning scale was 0.84 and its split-half reliability was 0.60.Criterion-related validity studies showed that the scores of the 18 items were positive correlated with SDS and SAS(r SDS =0.50,r SAS =0.54,P＜0.01).This scale also had good structure validity.3.The ROC curve concluded that the area under curve was 0.83,the sensitivity was 68.40％ and the specificity was 79.20％.Positive and negative predictive values were 21.22％ and 96.83％ respectively.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the warning scale entirely accorded with psychometric demands.It also has good specificity and negative predictive value,so it is suitable for clinical promotion.

Objective To screen and identify the phage-display random 7 amino acid peptide specific to the systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and analyze its practical significance. Methods Using the phage random 7 peptide library screening, the SLE specific phage clones are obtained after binding with the mixture of sera from 30 SLE patients and 30 normal controls as ligand respectively. Then the Dot-ELISA is used to identify the SLE specific phage clones reactive to sera of the SLE patients and normal controls individually. Finally the identified phage-display random 7 amino acid peptides are sequenced and it's homology with the antigenic epitope of human being and other are also analyzed. Results Total 12 of the phage-display random 7 amino acid peptide are obtained by phage peptide library screening and the Dot-ELISA identification. Sequence analysis shows that the identified phage-display random 7 amino acid peptide epitope have homology with E. coli, Salmonella and human immunodeficiency virus, but not with that of human being. Conclusion SLE-specific peptides screened by phage random peptide library maybe used to diagnosis the SLE. Meanwhile, the antibodies in SLE patients which are combined with the Pathogen epitope, suggest that SLE maybe relate to pathogen infection.

Objective:To explore the effect of the "trinity" training mode with curriculum training as the core, lecture training as supplement and community training as reinforcement, and to improve the health education ability of higher vocational nursing students.Methods:A total of 209 nursing students were selected as the research objects by random cluster sampling, and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. The experimental group adopted the "trinity" system to improve the health education ability of higher vocational nursing students, while the control group carried out the routine teaching. The health education ability of nursing students was evaluated by using the health education ability scale of nursing staff, and the nursing students of the experimental group were investigated by questionnaire. Statistics analysis was made by SPSS 15.0 software, the t test was conducted for analysis of measurement data, and Z test was used for counting data. Results:The health education ability of the nursing students in the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P < 0.001). Nursing students in the experimental group generally had high recognition of the training mode of "trinity" system. The pass rate was 98.13%. Among them, 68.87% of the nursing students thought it would be a big gain to attend the special lectures; 69.81% of the nursing students thought it would be a big gain to participate in the community activities. Conclusion:The "trinity" health education ability training model can significantly improve the health education ability of higher vocational nursing students.

Hepatolithiasis is a common disease in hepatobiliary surgery. The changes of bile dynamics in the biliary system, such as flow rate, pressure, viscosity, etc., play an important role in stone formation. In this paper, we introduce the bile fluid dynamics of the biliary system, analyze the influencing factors of bile dynamics change, the relationship between bile dynamics change and calculus, and the application of bile fluid dynamics in the treatment of hepatolithiasis, providing ideas and basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatolithiasis.

Objective:To evaluate the technical approach and application value of DynaCT biliary reconstruction with CT images fusion (DynaCT-CT fusion) for the treatment of complex hepatolithiasis.Methods:The data of 18 patients with complex hepatolithiasis admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from May 2022 to October 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 7 males and 11 females, aged (50.6±15.0) years. Preoperative DynaCT biliary reconstruction with CT images fusion was performed to guide the percutaneous transhepatic one-step biliary fistulation (PTOBF). The technical data, including the bile duct with stones identified by preoperative imaging, the actual bile duct with stones confirmed intraoperatively, the satisfied stone removal time for each targeted bile duct, the actual stone removal time for each targeted bile duct, the intraoperative identification of CT-negative stones, the postoperative complications and reoperation were analyzed.Results:In 18 patients, a total of 95 target bile ducts with stones were identified by preoperative DynaCT-CT fusion technology, involving the first, secondary and tertiary bile ducts. Preoperative CT identified 29 lesions of stones involving the first and secondary bile ducts. CT negative stones were confirmed in 5 patients by DynaCT-CT fusion. Bile duct stricture occurred in 12 patients. All procedures were completed without postoperative bile leakage or hemorrhage. A total of 82 lesions of stones were successfully removed with a removal time of (25.9±12.8) min. The satisfied stone removal time for each targeted bile duct was (10.1±7.6) min, and the actual stone removal time was (10.5±7.4) min. Immediate stone clearance was achieved in 13 patients. Biliary tract infection occurred in 2 patients, and 5 patients underwent reoperation for residual or recurrent stones.Conclusion:The DynaCT-CT fusion technology guided PTOBF is feasible and safe in patients with complex hepatolithiasis. It could effectively detect more stones, shorten the stone clearance time. DynaCT-CT fusion technology provides a new strategy for the treatment of hepatolithiasis.

With the gradual aggravation of aging in China， the prevalence of osteoporosis is increasing year by year. Osteoporosis has become a major public health problem threatening the health of middle-aged and elderly people， especially middle-aged and elderly women. There are many predisposing factors and complex pathogenesis of osteoporosis. The interpretation of osteoporosis has been the focus of clinical research in recent years. How to prevent and treat osteoporosis more effectively has also become a major problem faced by researchers. In recent years， the balance and homeostasis of calcium and phosphorus regulated by intestinal absorption， renal excretion and bone have become one of the hot topics， and the balance and homeostasis of calcium and phosphorus in vivo are the key to normal bone homeostasis. At the same time， as a complex microbial community living in the gastrointestinal tract， intestinal flora can produce a variety of regulators affecting metabolism. It has been widely confirmed that it acts on the body indirectly or directly， in multiple ways and targets to prevent and treat osteoporosis. Therefore， further exploring the role and mechanism of intestine kidney bone axis in osteoporosis plays a far-reaching significance for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. In recent years， scholars have made a lot of exploration on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and found that TCM can intervene the expression of intestinal flora and play the effect of prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Based on the "intestine kidney bone axis"， this paper briefly discusses the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine of kidney and osteoporosis， intestine and osteoporosis， intestine kidney axis， the treatment of kidney from intestine， intestine and osteoporosis， and the application of TCM in regulating intestinal flora in osteoporosis， in order to provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Accelerated forgetting has been identified as a feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the therapeutic efficacy of the manipulation of biological mechanisms of forgetting has not been assessed in AD animal models. Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1), a small GTPase, has been shown to regulate active forgetting in Drosophila and mice. Here, we showed that Rac1 activity is aberrantly elevated in the hippocampal tissues of AD patients and AD animal models. Moreover, amyloid-beta 42 could induce Rac1 activation in cultured cells. The elevation of Rac1 activity not only accelerated 6-hour spatial memory decay in 3-month-old APP/PS1 mice, but also significantly contributed to severe memory loss in aged APP/PS1 mice. A similar age-dependent Rac1 activity-based memory loss was also observed in an AD fly model. Moreover, inhibition of Rac1 activity could ameliorate cognitive defects and synaptic plasticity in AD animal models. Finally, two novel compounds, identified through behavioral screening of a randomly selected pool of brain permeable small molecules for their positive effect in rescuing memory loss in both fly and mouse models, were found to be capable of inhibiting Rac1 activity. Thus, multiple lines of evidence corroborate in supporting the idea that inhibition of Rac1 activity is effective for treating AD-related memory loss.