The article analyses the current situation and the problem in training junior faculty process in preclinical medicine education,discussing how to shorten the period of training junior faculty,thus to train a excellent teaching system for preclinical medicine education.

OBJECTIVETo identify the characteristics of and evaluate surgical impact on idiopathic macular hole (IMH) by using an optical coherence tomography (OCT) scanner.

METHODSSixty-five cases (70 eyes) experiencing IMH were examined using OCT, then graded by their clinical characteristics. Nineteen cases (19 eyes) were scanned and measured using OCT before and after surgery.

RESULTSOf the 70 eyes,the number of stage I-IV macular holes were 11, 12, 36 and 11, respectively. For stage I holes, the OCT images revealed flattened or nonexistent fovea and minimally reflective space within or beneath the neurosensory retina; stage II holes appeared to be full-sized with attached operculum and surrounding edema; stage III holes were also full-sized with surrounding edema; finally, stage IV holes were full-sized and completely separated the posterior hyaloid membrane from the retina. Through quantitative measurements, OCT determined that the values for mean hole diameter, mean halo diameter and mean thickness of the hole's edge were reduced from 570.95 +/- 265.59 to 337.05 +/- 335.95 microm, 1043.53 +/- 278.8 to 695.00 +/- 483.00 microm and 389.78 +/- 60.58 to 298.78 +/- 109.80 microm, respectively in 19 IMH cases after surgery. In 17 eyes, the holes or halos eventually closed or were reduced in size, or the edges of the holes thinned out. The anatomic successful rate of the surgery was 89%.

CONCLUSIONOCT can exhibit the characteristics of IMH and measure the diameter of holes quantitatively. This method can also judge the surgical impacts of IMH objectively, accurately and effectively.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Macula Lutea ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinal Perforations ; pathology ; surgery ; Tomography ; methods

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of multi-channel functional electrical stimulation cycling ergometer for children with spastic cerebral palsy.Methods A total of 60 chil-dren with rehabilitation treatment for spastic cerebral palsy in Outpatient Department were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatments such as exercise therapy,occupational therapy and Chinese medicine massage,while the observation group received multi-channel functional electrical stimulation cycling ergometer training on the basis of the conventional rehabilitation treat-ments.Before treatment and 12 weeks after treatment,the Gross Motor Function Measure(GMFM-88),Peabody Developmental Measure Scale-Gross Motor(PDMS-GM),Berg Balance Scale(BBS),and Activities of Daily Living(ADL)were used to assess the gross motor function,balance function,and activities of daily living of the children in both groups.Results Before treatment,there were no sig-nificant differences in GMFM-88(D area,E area score,and total score),PDMS-GM(posture score,mobility score,and manipulation score),BBS,and ADL scores between the two groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,the GMFM-88(D area,E area score and total score),PDMS-GM(posture score,mobility score and manipulation score),BBS and ADL scores in both groups improved significantly compared with those before treatment,and all the scores in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Multi-channel functional electrical stimulation cycling ergometer can effectively improve the gross motor function,balance function,and activities of daily living of children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of multi-channel functional electrical stimulation cycling ergometer for children with spastic cerebral palsy.Methods A total of 60 chil-dren with rehabilitation treatment for spastic cerebral palsy in Outpatient Department were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 30 cases in each group.The control group received conventional rehabilitation treatments such as exercise therapy,occupational therapy and Chinese medicine massage,while the observation group received multi-channel functional electrical stimulation cycling ergometer training on the basis of the conventional rehabilitation treat-ments.Before treatment and 12 weeks after treatment,the Gross Motor Function Measure(GMFM-88),Peabody Developmental Measure Scale-Gross Motor(PDMS-GM),Berg Balance Scale(BBS),and Activities of Daily Living(ADL)were used to assess the gross motor function,balance function,and activities of daily living of the children in both groups.Results Before treatment,there were no sig-nificant differences in GMFM-88(D area,E area score,and total score),PDMS-GM(posture score,mobility score,and manipulation score),BBS,and ADL scores between the two groups(P＞0.05).After treatment,the GMFM-88(D area,E area score and total score),PDMS-GM(posture score,mobility score and manipulation score),BBS and ADL scores in both groups improved significantly compared with those before treatment,and all the scores in the observation group were significantly better than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Multi-channel functional electrical stimulation cycling ergometer can effectively improve the gross motor function,balance function,and activities of daily living of children with spastic cerebral palsy.

Humans ; Hypertension/therapy* ; Publications ; Research Design