Objective To calculate the mean absorbed doses at celluar and subcellular levels for uniformly and non-uniformly distributed Auger electron emitters. Methods The energy deposited in cell or nucleus by Auger electrons was analytically calculated using the polynomial representation of energy loss.S-values were subsequently computed for several target-source combinations.The absorbed dose and dose distribution were calculated for spherically symmetric radionuclide distributions depending linearly and exponentially on the radial position.The dose profile as a function of the source radial coordinate was also evaluated for typical cell sizes.The contributions of photon radiation to absorbed dose in cells were ignored. Results The mean absorbed dose and dose distribution depend largely on the size of target cells,the radiation spectrum and intracellular localization and distribution of radionuclides.The contribution of intranuclear radionuclides to mean absorbed dose was larger than that of extranuclear ones. Conclusion Auger electrons can produce high local energy deposition in cells because of their very low energies and extremely short ranges.Our dose calculation method is simple.The results are reliable and can be used in many fields.

Objective To investigate the serum levels of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP),interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2),and investigate their clinical diagnostic value in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients.Methods Fifty three clinical serum samples of patients specifically diagnosed with acute coronary syndrome were collected.A total of 21 healthy subjects were enrolled as healthy controls.Serum IL-1β and Lp-PLA2 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The concentration of hs-CRP was tested by immunoturbidimetry method.Results Compared to the healthy controls,the levels of serum hs-CRP,IL-1βand Lp-PLA2 were significantly higher in ACS and ACS subgroups (P ＜ 0.05),respectively.The level of Lp-PLA2 was gradually increased among healthy controls,angina pectoris (AP),ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STE-MI),non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) groups.The best cut-off value of hs-CRP,IL-1β and Lp-PLA2 was 7.44 mg/L,90.88 ng/L and 219.92 μg/L,respectively.The parallel test had better sensitivity (94.3％) and specificity (100％).Conclusions Serum hs-CRP,IL-1β and Lp-PLA2 play an important role in classifying the clinical types and monitoring the conditions of patients with ACS.Combination of hs-CRP,IL-1β and Lp-PLA2 is expected to be a new biomarker for ACS.

Objective To observe the changes of glycocholic acid (CG) and evaluate the diagnostic value of CG combined with total bile acid (TBA) and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP) in various liver diseases.Methods From October 2016 to March 2017,210 serum samples of healthy people,asymptomatic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected,hepatitis,biliary obstruction,hepatocirrhosis and primary hepatocellular carcinoma patients were collected.CG and LAP were detected by corresponding kits,and liver function,coagulation function and other indicators of patients were collected and analyzed statistically.Results The serum level of CG were elevated in the 4 liver disease groups and differed statistically from the normal group or the asymptomatic HBV infected group.CG level was positively correlated with LAP (r =0.380,P ＜ 0.01).In liver function indexes,CG was correlated with total bilirubin (TB),direct bilirubin (DB),TBA and alkaline phosphatase (AKP).At the same time,CG was correlated with fibrinogen(Fib),thrombin time(TT).LAP and TBA were introduced into regression equation Y =-0.835 + 0.157X1 +0.312X2 (X1:LAP,X2:TBA,R2 =0.685) as final variables in multivariate linear regression to analyse the influencing factors of CG.Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that CG had the strongest ability to diagnose liver diseases in combination with LAP.Conclusions The change of CG level is of great significance in all kinds of liver diseases.The combination of LAP has the strongest ability to diagnose liver diseases.

Objective To investigate the role of leucine aminopeptidase in biliary obstructive dis-ease, and to evaluate the value of leucine aminopeptidase and its combination with alkaline phosphatase (AKP), glutamine transferase and 5′-nucleotidase (5′-NT) in diagnosis and treatment of bile duct obstruc-tion. Methods A total of 181 cases were collected, who were diagnosed as healthy, asymptomatic HBV carriers and patients with hepatitis, biliary obstruction, liver cirrhosis and primary liver cancer samples at Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from October 2016 to March 2017. The leucine aminopeptidase (LAP), AKP, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and 5′-NT were detected with the corresponding kits, and analyzed with different statistical methods. Results The highest level of LAP was in patients with biliary obstruction, compared to other groups, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). In biliary obstruction group, LAP and AKP, GGT and 5′-NT were correlated ( r=0. 690, P<0. 01; r=0. 864, P<0. 01;r=0. 735, P<0. 01). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC), curve area (AUC) of LAP, 5′-NT, GGT and AKP in the diagnosis of biliary obstruction were 0. 945 and 0. 898, 0. 942 and 0. 916;the AUC of LAP combined with 5′-NT, GGT and AKP was 0. 966;and the AUC of LAP combined with 5′-NT was 0. 968. Conclusions LAP can be used as a preliminary index of differential diagnosis of biliary obstructive disease, and its diagnostic value could be improved when combined with 5-NT.

Objective To investigate the expression level of nucleobindin-2 (NUCB2/Nesfatin-1) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, other patients with head and neck cancer, rhinitis patients, and healthy subjects in the serum, and evaluate the clinical application value of NUCB2/Nesfatin-1 combined with three items of Epstein-Barr (EB) virus (EA-IgA;VCA-IgA;Rta-IgG) in NPC diagnosis.Methods From Xiangya Hospital of Central South University during January 2017 to June 2017, nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients, other patients with head and neck cancer, rhinitis patients, and healthy subjects samples were 140 cases, respectively.The corresponding kits were used to detect nesfatin-1, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, and Rta-IgG.Results The serum level of nesfatin-1 in NPC patients was the highest, and the difference was statistically significant compared to other groups.The serum levels of EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, and Rta-IgG were the highest in NPC patients, and were significantly different from those in other groups.Nesfatin-1 was significantly correlated with VCA-IgA and Rta-IgG.There was no significant correlation between nesfatin-1, EA-IgA and NPC staging;Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of nesfatin-1, and the regression equation was Y =208.029 + 17.96X1 + 146.702X2 + 398.879X3 (X1:age;X2:VCA-IgA;X3:Rta-IgG;R2 =0.236).Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that nesfatin-I combined with VCA-IgA and Rta-IgG had the best efficiency in the diagnosis of NPC.In single index evaluation, nesfatin-1 has the lowest specificity, but the highest sensitivity.Conclusions The sensitivity of nesfatin-1 for NPC diagnosis is polar altitude, it can make up for the deficiency of EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, and Rta-IgG in diagnosing NPC.The combination of VCA-IgA and Rta-IgG can greatly improve the ability of diagnosing NPC.

Objective Network pharmacology and molecular docking and molecular dynamics techniques were used to investigate the mechanism of action of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.in the treatment of sepsis and to perform animal experimental verification.Methods First,we screened the effective ingredients and their action targets of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.,meanwhile,screened relevant action targets for the treatment of sepsis,constructed a protein interaction(PPI)network,and performed topology analysis to draw a TCM disease target network diagram.Second,Kyoto Encyclopedia of genes and genomes enrichment analysis was performed for core targets in the network diagram,along with gene ontology functional enrichment analysis.This was followed by molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation experiment validation of the core targets.Finally,mice were used for the verification of animal experiments.Results Thirty active components of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.were screened out,and the top 5 ranked by degree value were quercetin,(-)-epigallocatechin,(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate,genistein,kaempferol and epigallocatechin with 196 action targets;2144 disease-related targets for sepsis,105 targets for Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.-sepsis intersection,and the core targets were TNF,IL-6,AKT1,VEGFA,CASP3,IL-1β Et al.PI3K-Akt,TNF,HIF-1,AGE-RAGE,IL-17 and other signaling pathways are involved to mediate inflammatory responses,apoptosis and other biological processes to exert therapeutic effects on sepsis.Molecular docking results showed that camelina flavanoids bound equally well to each key target,among which the conformations with the lowest binding energy were(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate-IL-6 and quercetin-IL-6.Molecular dynamics simulations were performed on the two pairs of complexes,and the results indicated that the stable binding could be achieved through a combination of electrostatic,van der Waals potential,and hydrogen bonding interactions.Animal experiments confirmed that Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.could inhibit the activation of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,decrease the protein expression of Caspase-3,VEGF and reduced peripheral blood inflammatory factors secretion of TNF-α、IL-1βand IL-6,alleviating inflammatory injury in tissues and organs.Conclusion The therapeutic effect of Alhagi sparsifolia Shap.on sepsis is achieved through multi biological processes,multi targets,and multi pathways.It provides a certain theoretical basis for the clinical application of camel spines as well as sepsis treatment.

Objective: The expression of spectrin beta chain, brain1(SPTBN1) were measured in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines, as well as tissues and serums of NPC cases and normal controls. The clinical value of SPTBN1 expression for NPC diagnosis were assessed along with the antibody levels of early antigen-IgA(EA-IgA) and viral capsid antigen-IgA(VCA-IgA). Methods: A total of 71 nasopharynx tissue specimens and 130 serum from both NPC cases and matched health controls were collected from December 2016 to December 2018. In logistic regression the levels of SPTBN1, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA were identified and included in an integrative risk prediction model. Discriminatory accuracy was measured by generation of receiver operator curves and estimation of area under the curve (AUC). Results: The SPTBN1 concentration in cell lines from NP69, 6-10B to 5-8F showed a decreasing trend (H=50.205, P<0.05). The SPTBN1 expression level in serums were significantly lower [73(42, 142)] compared to controls, while EA-IgA and VCA-IgA levels [3.42(1.29, 5.19),3.55(1.95, 5.01)]were higher in NPC serum samples (H_SPTBN1=24.105, H_EA-IgA=52.398, H_VCA-IgA=70.426, P<0.01). The findings were confirmed in tissues that the positive SPTBN1 rate were significantly lower in cases (86.7%) as compared to controls (43.9%, χ²=13.443, P<0.001). In the risk prediction model for NPC diagnosis, the AUC of SPTBN1 alone and the integrated regression model were 0.794 and 0.987, respectively (Z=4.900,P<0.01). Conclusions The lower expression of SPTBN1 was a potential marker in NPC diagnosis. The combined analysis of SPTBN1, EA-IgA and VCA-IgA may improve the sensitivity and specificity in NPC diagnosis.