Among a total of 276 upper extremities dissected it was found that 38 (13.7%) of the cases showed variations in the origin and course of the main arterial channels in brachium and antebrachium. In the 138 cadavers the arterial variations appeared bilaterally in 5 bodies (3.62%) and unilaterally in the other 28 bodies (20.29%). The anomalous arteries occurred more often on the right (22, 7.96%) than on the left (16, 5.80%). The patterns of variation encountered were grouped as follows: 1. Anomalous radial artery (1) High originated radial artery in 17 (6.16%) extremities (right 11, left 6). (2) Unusual duplication of the termination of the radial artery in 3 (1.13%)extremities (right 2, left 1). 2. Superficial ulnar artery According to the site of origin above or below the intercondylar line the arteries were divided into two groups: (1) Highly originated superficial ulnar artery in 7 (2.53%)—right 4, left 3. (2) Lowly originated superficial ulnar artery in 5 (1.81%)—right 3, left 2. 3. Superficial median artery and large calibered median artery were found in 6 extremities. The bifurcation of brachial artery into radial and ulnar arteries in 140 sides of male adults was mostly (82.14%) below the intercondylar line with a range from 2.6 cm. to 4.0 cm. The surgical significance of several of the striking variations was discussed.