In part Ⅱ, are presented the results of the physical measurements, which include standing height, body weight, shoulder width and grip strength, made on children of middle school and children's homes. Pelidisi index is calculated by using Pirquet's formula. In tables 1 to 6 are tabulated the average results of boys and girls of ages from 12 to 18 years old. Since the results of children's homes differ from those of the middle schools, they are tabulated separately. The differences in standing height and body weight of these two groups of children are shown in figures 1 and 2. The children from the Homes are considerably shorter and lighter than school children of the some age range. The boys tend also to be narrower in shoulder width.Compared with the physical measurements of the children of Shenyang in the northeast China, the Cantonese children are slightly taller and heavier at the beginning of this age range but the children of the Northeast grow at a slightly more rapid rate, so that at 18 years of age, they are about 2 cm taller, with approximately the same body weight.Hand grip measurements show that girls have only 2/3 the grip strength of boys. Values of Pelidisi are calculated for a]l the children. It is found that this index does not proper]y represent the nutritional status of the children of Canton. By all the other indices of the state of nutrition used in this survey, the school children are rated as having a higher nutritional status, than those of the children's home, while the Pelidisi ratcs them lower.Nutrition is considered to be one of the factors which causes differences in the growth and development of the various groups of children compared.