The most suitable antigenic frozen sections are the sections of infected mice liver and adult worm of Schistosoma japonicum at 7th week and 6th week after infection respectively; the most suitable thickness of section is 7?m. The antigenicity of liver tissue-egg frozen section(TEFS) is markedly higher than that of adult worm frozen sectin(AWFS) and of liver tissue-egg paraffin embedded section.TEFS, as antigen, is considered to be of high sensitivity(96.7%), high specificity (98.7%) and lower cross reaction rates(0~3.3%) in IEST for diagnosis of schistosomiasis. The sensitivity of TEFS-IEST ig markedly higher than that of AWFS-IEST and that of COPT. The main advantages of TEFS-IEST are lower cost of the antigen, high sensitivity and rapid yield of results.

Objective To investigate the TH1/TH2 patterns by calculating the percentage of TH1, TH2 cells, and the TH1/TH2 ratio of peripheral blood from patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Methods The percentage of TH1 and TH2 cells in peripheral blood from 15 normal pregnant controls and 20 PIH patients (including 12 moderate and 8 severe cases) were calculated using flow cytometry for the analysis of both the surface marker CD3 CD8 and intracellular cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interferon-? (IFN-?). Results The percentage of TH1 cells and the ratio of TH1/TH2 in PIH patients were significantly higher than those in the normal third-trimester pregnant controls [(20.50?4.02)% vs (12.57?2.18)%, P

Objective To investigate the effect of wire?reinforced epidural catheters on the success rate of epidural catheterization for labor analgesia. Methods A total of 200 nulliparous parturients who re?ceived labor analgesia voluntarily, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ, aged 20-45 yr, with body mass index<35 kg∕m2, were divided into 2 groups (n=100 each) using a random number table: common catheter group ( group Ⅰ) and reinforced catheter group ( group Ⅱ) . After suc?cessful epidural puncture, the corresponding catheter was inserted inⅠandⅡgroups. The development of difficult insertion, intravascular catheter insertion or paresthesia during insertion was defined as a failure of epidural catheterization. The occurrence of the failure of epidural catheterization was recorded. Results Compared with group Ⅰ, the failure rate of epidural catheterization was significantly decreased in groupⅡ( P<0.05) . Conclusion Wire?reinforced epidural catheters can raise the success rate of epidural catheter?ization for labor analgesia.

ObjectiveTo explore the effects of different doses of PcTx1,a specific blocker of acid-sensing ion channel 1a,on global cerebral ischemia/repedfusion (I/R) injury in rats,MethodsSixty adult male Sprague Dawley rats (weighing 250-300 g) were randomly divided into 6 grups ( n =10 each):sham operation group (group S),I/R group,different doses of PcTx1 ( 10 ng/ml,group P1 ; 25 ng/ml,group P2 ; 50 ng/ml,group P3 ;and 500 ng/ml,group P4 ) groups.Global cerebral ischemia was induced by the modified procedure of Pulsinelli 4-vessel occlusion.In groups P1,P2,P3 and P4,different doses of PcTx1 ( 10,25,50 and 500 ng/ml),6 μl each,were respectively injected into the lateral cerebral ventricle at the initiation of reperfusion,while equal volume of double distilled water was injected instead in group I/R.Six rats in each group were sacrificed at 24 h of reperfusion,and the brains were immediately removed,Thereafter,the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA),reduced glutathione (GSH) and ritric oxide (NO),the activities of constitutive NO synthase (eNOS) snd inducible NO synthase (iNOS) were detected in hippocampus.Four rats in each group were sacrificed at 72 h of reperfusion,and hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe the pathomorphological changes of the hippocampal neurons.ResultsCompared with group S,the other groups showed decreases in the contents of GSH,while increases in the contents of MDA and NO and the activities of cNOS and iNOS ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).The contents of GSH increased,while the contents of MDA and NO and the activities of cNOS and iNOS decreased in groups P2,P3 and P4 compared with group I/R ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group P1,the contents of GSH increased,the contents of MDA and the activities of cNOS decreased in groups P2,P3 and P4,and the contents of NO and the activities of iNOS decreased in groups P3 and P4 ( P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01 ).Compared with group P2,the activities of iNOS decreased in groups P3 and P4(P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The damage to neurons in hippocampal CAI was severe in groups I/R and P1,but it was attenuated in groups P3 and P4.ConclusionPcTx1 25,50 and 500 ng/ml (6 μl)injected into lateral cerebral ventricle can attenuate global cerebral I/R injury in rats,and the dose 50 ng/ml (6 μl) is more suitable.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and strategy of percutaneous laser disc decompression (PLDD) for patients with multisegmental lumbar disc herniation. Methods Between December 2005 and December 2008,a total of 56 patients with multisegmental lumbar disc herniation underwent PLDD. Under local anesthesia, the operation was performed using Nd:YAG laser. A digital subtraction angiography (DSA) system was employed to guide the surgery,insert burning, each 1 s, pulse intermission gasification 1 s, single segment laser total 400-800 J. In preoperative and postoperative 3 months visual analogue scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) scores of times during followed up,Macnab standard to assess the clinical curative effect. Results The patients were followed up for 6 - 36 months (mean 18 months). The ODI improved from (31.10 ±2.92) scores to (11.80 ±2.62) scores (t=3.067,P ＜0.01 ). The VAS also showed postoperative improvement of pain compared with preoperative findings (7.00 ± 1.41 ) scores vs (3.00 ± 0.81 ) scores (t= 2.802,P ＜0.01 ). According to the Macnab standard, 36 patients achieved excellent outcomes, 10 were good, 8 were fair, and 2 were poor. The rate of excellent and good outoomes was 82. 1% (46/56). No patient had postoperative complications. Conclusions PLDD is effective and safe for patients with multisegmental lumbar disc berniation. The cases recover quickly after the operation, because the procedure is minimally invasive.

Objective:To observe and compare the clinical effect of single-incision and two-incision posterior chamber phakic intraocularlens implantation in the correction of extreme myopia.Methods:40 cases(80 eyes) of patients with extreme myopia underwent conventional two-incision posterior chamber phakic intraocularlens implantation in our hospital from January 2011 to June 2013 were selected as the control group and 40 cases(80 eyes) underwent single-incision posterior chamber phakic intraocularlens implantation from July 2013 to January 2016 were selected as observation group.The open hole before and after operation,best corrected visual acuity of vision,operation safety,effectiveness index,diopter (column mirror,equivalent ball for eyeglasses),intraocular pressure,ECD,anterior chamber depth and occurrence of complications were compared between two groups.Results:The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) of both groups at 6 months after operation were significantly higher than those before operation (P＜0.05),which was significantly higher in the observation group than that of the control group (P＜0.05);The operation safety and effectiveness index of observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05);The cylinder and spherical equivalent degree of both groups at 6 months after operation were significantly better than those before operation(P＜0.05),which was significantly better in the observation group than that of the control group(P＜0.05).The corneal endothelial cell counts(ECL) of control group after operation was significantly lower than that before operation (P＜0.05),and no significant difference was found in the ECL of observation group before and after operation (P＞0.05).The ECL of observation group after operation was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05);The incidence rate of complication in observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Compared with two-incision operation,the single-incision posterior chamber phakic intraocularlens implantation had remarkable clinical effect in the correction of extreme myopia with higher security.

Objective To assess the effect of hybrid debranching technique in treatment of patients with traumatic aortic arch rupture combined with pseudoaneurysm.Methods Clinical data of 3 patients with traumatic aortic arch rupture combined with pseudoaneurysm repaired using debranching technique from June 2011 to June 2013 were analyzed to determine their clinical features and treatment options.Hypersound or computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed to confirm the therapeutic effects at postoperative 1 week,3,6,and 12 months as well as annually thereafter.Results All patients underwent operation uneventfully.Operation time was 6.8-10.5 hours (mean,7.6 hours) and intraoperative blood loss was 250-450 ml (mean,310 ml).Length of stay was 26-45 days (mean,32 days).There were no deaths at the 0.5-2 years of follow-up.Hypersound or CTA revealed no leakage of contrast medium after operation.Conclusion Hybrid debranching technique greatly reduces surgical trauma and provides satisfactory outcome and good function recovery.

IEST, DGS-COPT and CV-COPT using lyophilized ova of schistosoma japonicum were performed on sera from 120 cases of schistosomiasis japonica, 120 cases of schis-tosomiasis japonica 3-8 years after being cured with praziquantel and 120 healthy individuals by single-blind method. The sensitivity and specificity of IEST was 91.7% and 95.8% respectively which were significantly higher than that of both DGS-COPT and CV-COPT. The negative conversion rate of cured patients was 70.8% with IEST, 80.8% with DGS-COPT and 81.7% with CV-COPT. The results showed that IEST has higher diagnostic value for schistosomiasis than both COPT. DGS-COPT has the same diagnostic value as CV-COPT, however, it was easy to perform and time-saving, thus it might be applied in the fields for practical purposes.

Objective To investigate the effect of endoscopic cold snare polypectomy(CSP)on the complete polyp resection rate and stress response in patients with colorectal small polyps.Methods A total of 138 patients with colorectal small polyps were selected,and were assigned to control group(n=69)and observation group(n=69)according to single-blind randomization method.The control group underwent endoscopic hot snare polypectomy(HSP),and the observation group underwent CSP.The polypectomy time,surgical duration,hospital stay,complete resection rate,the levels of ep-inephrine(E),norepinephrine(NE),cortisol(Cor),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),the 6-month polyp regeneration rate and polyp recurrence rate after operation were compared between the two groups.Results The polyp resection time,operation duration,and hospital stay in the observation group lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the levels of E,NE,Cor,CRP and IL-6 in two groups were higher after surgery,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion CSP has a similar complete resection rate to endoscopic HSP in patients with colorectal small polyps,but CSP has less stress and inflammation and is more condu-cive to recovery.

Objective To investigate the effect of endoscopic cold snare polypectomy(CSP)on the complete polyp resection rate and stress response in patients with colorectal small polyps.Methods A total of 138 patients with colorectal small polyps were selected,and were assigned to control group(n=69)and observation group(n=69)according to single-blind randomization method.The control group underwent endoscopic hot snare polypectomy(HSP),and the observation group underwent CSP.The polypectomy time,surgical duration,hospital stay,complete resection rate,the levels of ep-inephrine(E),norepinephrine(NE),cortisol(Cor),C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6(IL-6),the 6-month polyp regeneration rate and polyp recurrence rate after operation were compared between the two groups.Results The polyp resection time,operation duration,and hospital stay in the observation group lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the levels of E,NE,Cor,CRP and IL-6 in two groups were higher after surgery,and the observation group was lower than the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion CSP has a similar complete resection rate to endoscopic HSP in patients with colorectal small polyps,but CSP has less stress and inflammation and is more condu-cive to recovery.