Objective To investigate the cardioprotective effects of 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) pretreatment against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Methods Sixteen male Wistar rats weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n = 8 each):(1) 3-NPA group received intraperitoneal 3-NPA 4 mg?kg-1 24 h before the animals were sacrificed and (2) control group received normal saline instead of 3-NPA. The animals were sacrificed and the hearts were immediately removed and mounted on Langendorff apparatus and perfused with K-H solution saturated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 at 37℃ . After being perfused for 30 min the hearts were subjected to 30 min global ischemia by suspension of perfusion followed by 60 min reperfusion. The HR, left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and ? dp/dtmaxd were recorded before ischemia and at 30 and 60 min of reperfusion. Coronary effluent was collected at 15 min of reperfusion for determination of CK and LDH activity. At the end of 60 min reperfusion the hearts were removed for determination of myocardial MDA content and SOD activity.Results LVDP and ? dp/dtmax recovered significantly better in 3-NPA group than in control group. The myocardial MDA content, CK and LDH release were significantly lower in 3-NPA group than in control group. The myocardial SOD activity was significantly higher in 3-NPA group than in control group. Conclusion Chemical preconditioning with 3-NPA protects the heart from I/R injury.

Objective: To observe the effect of on modified St.Thomas solution with mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel opener diazoxide on guinea pig papillary muscles protection after myocardial hypoxia. Methods: Twenty-four guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups. In control group, cardioplegia was routine St.Thomas solution. In treatment group, cardioplegia was used modified St.Thomas solution. In blocker group, the muscle was treated with the specific potassium channel blocker glibenchamide 15 minutes before arrest used diazoxide cardioplegia. Myocardial electrophysical before and after cardioplegic arrest in guinea pig papillary muscles were studied. Results: 1, Time of recovery was shortened significantly in treatment group (P

Objective To investigate the application effect of stone basket in ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for treatment of upper ureteral calculi. Methods The clinical data of 96 patients with upper ureteral calculi were retrospectively analyzed, all patients underwent ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy. Forty-eight cases used the stone basket in the operation process (observation group), and 48 cases did not use the stone basket in the operation process (control group). The operation time, length of stay, success rate of lithotripsy, stone residual rate and incidence of postoperative complication were compared between 2 groups. Results The patients of 2 groups successfully completed surgery. There were no statistical differences in operation time, length of stay and incidence of postoperative complication between 2 groups (P>0.05). The success rate of lithotripsy in observation group was significantly higher than that in control group: 97.92% (47/48) vs. 75.00% (36/48), and the stone residual rate was significantly lower than that in control group:4.17%(2/48) vs. 18.75%(9/48), and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The stone basket in ureteroscopic holmium laser lithotripsy for treatment of upper ureteral calculi can thoroughly remove stones. It reduces the incidence of residual stones, does not affect the safety of the operation, and has good clinical value.

In order to study the cardioprotective effects of diazoxide on the myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury of rats and mechanisms, the healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: the rats in the experimental group were injected with diazoxide for preconditioning with the dosage of 12.5 mg/kg through the right femoral vein and those in the control group was only administered with the equal volume of media. After 10 min, a left thoracotomy was performed and the left anterior descending branch was occluded for 2 h. Two h later, the left anterior descending branch was reperfused for 2 h and then the heart was quickly excised to be used for measurement of MDA, SOD and the infarct size, in situ cell apoptosis detection and observation of the cell ultrastructure by electron microscopy. The results showed that as compared with the control group. MDA, the infarct size and cell apoptosis in the experimental group were greatly reduced (P<0.05). And the cell ultrastructure was obviously improved. But the activity of SOD had no change (P>0.05). It was concluded that diazoxide could protect the rats from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, which might be contributed to the reduction of lipid peroxidation and cell apoptosis.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation(TENS)on function recovery in patients with stroke. Methods60 patients who suffered from stroke within 14 days were divided into treatment group (30 cases) and control group (30 cases). All the patients accepted Motor Relearning Programme (MRP),otherwise patients in treatment group were treated with TENS.Before and after treatment, two groups were assessed with Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and Barthel Index. ResultsThere was significant difference in FMA and Barthel Index after treatment between two groups (P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusions Early using TENS can improve function of motion and ADL in patients with stroke.

Objective To observe the effect and safety of the endovascular hypothermia through hypothermic intravenous infusion device in the treatment of patients with severe craniocerebral injury compared with conventional surface cooling. Methods A total of 66 cases of patients with severe cranio-cerebral injury were randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 33 cases in each group according to envelop randomization. The control group received surface cooling, and the observation group was given surface cooling plus endovascular hypothermia through hypothermic intravenous infusion device. The target temperature was 35 ℃maintained for 3-5 days, and natural rewarming was applied at the speed of 0.1-0.5℃/h to 36.0-37.3℃. The time to reach target temperature, the constant stability, the incidence rate and severity of complication such as shiver, arrhythmia, skin injury and agitation were recorded and compared between two groups, as well as the heart rate, breathing rate, pulse rate, blood pressure and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores after 72 h of treatment. Glasgow Outcome Scale scores 30 days after treatment and nursing workload were also calculated and compared. Results The cooling speed, time to reach target temperature and the ability to maintain at 35℃were (1.3±0.2)℃/h, (2.3±0.2) h and (6.5± 1.8)%in the observation group, respectively, compared with (0.5±0.1)℃/h, (3.6±0.6) h and (11.3±2.2)%in the control group, which had significant differences (t=1.862, 2.112, 2.408,P < 0.05). The occurrence rates of shiver, arrhythmia, skin damage and dysphoria and restlessness in the observation group were 33.33%(11/33), 9.09%(3/33), 6.06%(2/33) and 27.27%(9/33), respectively, which were much lower than those in the control group 84.85%(28/33), 15.15%(5/33), 33.33%(11/33), 54.55%(18/33),χ2=1.764-2.733,P<0.05. The heart rate, breathing rate, pulse rate, systolic blood pressure and GCS score after 72 h of treatment were(68.31 ± 3.73)times/min,(16.60 ± 1.52)times/min,(136.35 ± 3.71)mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),(34.61 ± 1.05)℃, (9.91±4.05)points in the observation group, while(58.31±3.62)times/min,(19.81±1.83)times/min,(150.66± 2.70)mmHg,(35.65 ± 1.36)℃,(7.63 ± 3.17)points in the control group, and there were significant differences between two groups(t=2.275-3.035, P < 0.05).Besides, the ice-changing ice and turning-over time in the observation group were both remarkably reduced compared with control group, (14.03±3.11) min/h vs (38.12± 2.70) min/h (t=3.356, P<0.05) , (15.08±3.07) min/h vs (26.16±2.54) min/h ( t=3.021, P<0.05). Patients with good recovery, mild disability, severe disability, death in the observation group were 16, 13, 3 and 1 case, while 6, 11, 9, 7 cases in the control group (χ2=2.351,P < 0.05). Conclusions The endovascular hypothermia through hypothermic intravenous infusion device can rapidly reduce and effectively maintain target temperature, reduce the incidence rate of complication, improve the vital signs and decrease the nursing workload in order to improve neurological outcome in the treatment of patients with severe craniocerebral injury.

Objective To compare the effects of robot-assisted gait training with supported treadmill training (BWSTT) for hemiplegic patients after stroke.Methods A randomized,single-blind,controlled study was performed.Forty-eight hemiplegic patients were divided randomly into a BWSTT group and a robot group with 24 in each Both groups received routine rehabilitation training.The robot group also received robot-assisted gait training,while the BWSTT group received treadmill training in which their body weight was supported.Both groups trained 20-30 minutes daily,5 days a week for 8 weeks in addition to their normal rehabilitation sessions.Their lower extremity functions and walking ability were assessed with the simplified Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA) and using functional ambulation categories (FACs).Average step length,percentage of loading time on each foot and 3 min walking distance were tested using a Biodex Gait Trainer.All the assessments were administered before and 8 weeks after treatment.Results Both groups showed significant improvements in terms of the FMA,FACs,average step length,loading time on each foot and 3 min walking distance.The robot group,on average,showed significantly better improvements in average step length,percentage of loading time on each foot and 3 min walking distance than the BWSTT group.There was no significant difference in lower extremity function or walking ability in terms of the FMA or FACs.Conclusions Robot-assisted training gives better results than BWSTT in terms of improving average step length,equalizing the loading time on each foot and 3 min walking distance.

The excimer laser diopter correction has proven to be efficient and safe. This paper presents the principle of excimer laser refractive surgery. Based on analyzing the mathematics model of the human eye cornea, the authors have proposed a new model which can be used to proceed the myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism diopter correction. Also studied were the excimer laser's ablation mechanism and the flying-spot scanning technology. The research results have been directly applied to Ophthalmic excimer laser system. The correction of diopter is well improved.
Algorithms ; Cornea ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ ; methods ; Lasers, Excimer ; Models, Theoretical ; Photorefractive Keratectomy ; methods ; Refractive Surgical Procedures

Summary: The effects of diazoxide treatments on electrophysiologyic properties in guinea pig papillary muscles undergoing ischemia/reperfusion was studied using intracellular microelectrode technique. Twenty-four guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups (n=8 in each group). In control group, St.Thomas solution was given. In experimental group, St.Thomas solution with diazoxide (100 mol/L) was given. In pretreatment group, the muscle was treated with diazoxide 20 min before arrested with St.Thomas cardioplegia. The results showed that the APD50 and APD90 in experimental and pretreatment groups were significantly shorter after 5 and 10 min reperfusion (P<0.01, P<0.05), but longer after 30 min reperfusion (P<0.01, P<0.05) than in control group. In experimental and pretreatment groups, APA, OS, Vmax recovered more quickly than those in control group. The time to re-systole after reperfusion in control group was longer than that in experimental and pretreatment groups. There was no significant difference in RP among three groups. The time of arrest in pretreatment group was longer than that in experimental and pretreatment group (P<0.05). This study indicates that protective effects of St.Thomas solution with diazoxide is better than that of pretreatment with diazoxide or St.Thomas solution alone.