Pain and anxiety engender major psychic problems during all phases of treatment for burn patients. Analgesic alone does not allay these problems satisfactorily in these patients. Music therapy, as an important complementary and alternative therapy, has been widely used in multiple medical fields. However, its positive effect on alleviation of pain and anxiety in burn patients is undefined. The objective of this review is to summarize the feasibility, application fields, methods, and the effectiveness of music therapy in allaying pain and anxiety of burn patients during the whole course of treatment.
Anxiety ; therapy ; Burns ; Humans ; Music ; psychology ; Music Therapy ; methods ; Pain ; prevention & control ; Pain Measurement

Objective To analyze the feasibility of theone-cardmode for division-level cadres hospitalized at military hospitals, and to provide reference for application of this mode to cadres under the regimental level who are hospitalized at military hospitals.Methods A 4-month pilot project was carried out among division-level cadres in Lanzhou, Jinan, Nanjing and Chengdu.Data collection and statistical analysis were conducted through the monitoring platform established in the administrative section.Results Division-level cadres outside the system mostly chose division-level hospitals.Patients thended to be hospitalized at nearby or high-quality hospitals mainly due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and malignant tumor.Accommodation was not difficult.Conclusion The one-cardmode is feasible at military hospitals for division-level cadres, but the current system of initial diagnosis at basic medical institutions should be maintained.An information sharing platform of electronic medical records should be built to implement inter-hospital linking and sharing of diagnosis and treatment information.A budget subsidy mechanism should be established to normalize hospitalization.

The tutor-subsidizing system is the inevitable outcome of the graduate education development.It can also solve various antinomy appearing in the graduate education.But now there still exist some problems such as the course difference which makes it hard to carry out fair performance,distorted relation between teachers and students,the predicament of some edge courses and washing out of tutors and so on.

Objective To explore ffie effects of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection,polyene phosphatidylcholine(PPC)and reduced glutathione(GSH)in patients with liver cirrhosis accompanied by benign obstructive jaundice after surSery.Methods Fifty-nine patients with liver cirrhosis and benign obstructive jaundice caused by gallstones were selected,and all of them were treated with magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection and GSH preoperatively.Thirty-one odd number patients received magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection,PPC and GSH treatment(group A)after surgery immediately,28 even number patients still continued to be treated with magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection and GSH(group B).The plasma alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotramsferase(AST),total cholesterol(TBIL)and cholinesterase(ChE),and prealbumin at the time of 1,3 and 7 day after surgery were compared between the two groups.Results Seven patients were excluded from this research including 3 cases in group A,4 cases in group B.The plasma ALT,AST,TBIL of the group A at postoperative 3,7 day[(193 ± 48)and(63 ± 17)U/L,(194 ± 57)and(54 ± 19)U/L,(99 ± 20)and(28 ± 9)μmol/L]were significantly lower than those of the group B[(235 ± 50)and(103 ± 33)U/L,(235 ± 64)and(82 ± 22)U/L,(127 ± 45)and(43 ± 18)μ mol/L,respectively](P＜ 0.05),whereas the plasma ChE and prealbumin of the group A[(3781 ± 294)and(4405 ± 469)U/L,(0.22 ± 0.07)and(0.30 ± 0.04)g/L]were significantly higher than those of the there were obvious differences of the plasma ChE and prealbumin at postoperative 3 or 7 day compared with those at postoperative 1 or 3 day in the group A(P ＜ 0.05).But this were improved at postoperative 7 day compared with those at postoperative 3 day in the group B(P＜ 0.05).Conclusion Combined treatment of magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate injection,PPC and GSH can be more effective to reduce the injury of the liver cells and promote the recovery of liver function for patients with liver cirrhosis and obstructive jaundice.

In order to serve soldiers in new period,the author summarized the effect of serving soldiers,analyzed the causes and proposed the countermeasures.

In order to promote the healthy development of military hospitals under the new situation,the article summarized the effect of construction,analyzed the main problems and put forward the countermeasures.

Objective To observe the expressions of senescence-associated biomarkers in fibroblasts after repeated exposures to subtoxic doses of ultraviolet B (UVB), and to study the effect of ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 as well as Lycium barbarum polysaccharide on the UVB-induced premature senescence and on the expressions of senescence-associated signals including pl6, p21 and pS3. Methods Skin fibroblasts were classified into 8 groups to receive pretreatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) monomers only, UVB irradiation only, no treatment, or both pretreatment and irradiation. UVB was given successively at a dose of 15 mJ/cm~2 for 10 times, and the concentration of three monomers was 50 mg/L. After 5 days of treatment, light microscopy was used to observe the morphology of fibroblasts, transmission electron microscopy to study the cell ultrastructure,β-galactosidase histochemical staining to detect senescent cells, flow cytometry to analyze cell cycle, and RT-PCR to measure the mRNA expressions of p16, p21 and p53 in these skin fibroblasts. Results None of the 3 monomers had any effect on cell morphology, P-galactosidase activity, cell cycle or the mRNA expression of p53, p21 and pl6 in skin fibroblasts. After UVB irradiation, some changes occurred to cell morphology and ultrastructure; 91.5% of the cells were stained positively for P-galactosidase. The proportion of cells in G1 phase was 88.63% ± 4.67% in irradiated fibroblasts, significantly different from that in untreated controls (49.18% ± 5.53%, P< 0.05) and that in irradiated fibroblasts pretreated with ginsenoside Rbl and Rgl as well as Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (71.04% ± 1.64%, 70.38% ± 2.58%, 80.09% ± 3.46%, all P < 0.05). Compared with untreated fibroblasts, the mRNA expression of p53, p21 and pl6 significantly increased in irradiated fibroblasts (P < 0.05), however, the induced increase in the mRNA expression of pl6 was inhibited by all the three monomers (all P< 0.05), that of p2l by ginsenoside Rb1 and Rg1 (P< 0.05), and that of p53 by ginsenoside Rbl and Lycium barbarum polysaccharide (both P < 0.05). Conclusions Ginsenoside Rbl, Rgl and lycium barbarum polysaccharide can inhibit UVB-induced premature senescence, which may be associated with the down-regulation of mRNA expressions of pl6, p21 and p53.

As an emerging discipline, medical psychology undergraduate education is restricted by many conditions, such as subject orientation, training objectives, curriculum setting, teaching con-tent, teaching material system, teaching mode, professional practice, assessment and graduation and so on. To improve the training quality and level, the paper explores the corresponding education strat-egy from the aspects of subject orientation, training objectives, curriculum and teaching contents. For example in the subject orientation and training objectives the principle of paying equal attention to medical and psychological disciplines is reflected, and at the same time the construction of the curricu-lum, teaching contents and curriculum system is strengthened to highlight the psychology and medical integration and mutual penetration. In the link of teaching, professional practice, graduation appraisal and award process, practical skills training and assessment are focused on, and the relevant national qualification examination is taken as award criteria.

Medical psychology master's degree graduate student course mainly includes basic cour-ses, professional courses and psychological skills training, professional practice skills learning and scientific research quality training. Due to the constraints of discipline development starting late, teachers being rela-tively weak and other objective factors, in curriculum setting, there exist problems of unclear objectives, confusing the primary with secondary, unclear standard, lacking principles, and in particular, there are obvious deficiencies in the training and cultivation of students' ! professional skills . Based on the above objective problems, we made preliminary discussion on the training objectives, the main problems, curricu-lum setting, assessment standards and principles to follow, in order to achieve the purpose of cultivating high-level application-oriented talents through curriculum design and teaching practice.

In order to suit the trend of integration and development of modem medical disciplines and the reform trend of integration of curriculum system, the Third Military Medical University attempts to build a new curriculum system for medical postgraduates. The new system reveals the accuracy towards the teaching objects, the integration of curriculum structure, the update of the teaching contents and the diversity of the teaching methods. Besides, it combines the reform of teaching management, which will push forward the cultivation quality of the medical postgraduates.