Objective To study the transformation mechanism of triterpenes in processing of Alisma orientalis. Methods The triterpene transformations of A. orientalis pre and post-processing were comparatively analyzed by techniques of HPLC and Packed Column Supercritical Fluid Chromatography (SFC). Results In baked processing (70 ℃) of A. orientalis, little alisol B 23-acetate was transformed into alisol A 24-acetate and alisol B.However, more alisol B 23-acetate was transformed into alisol A 24-acetate and alisol B, then both of them were further transformed into alisol A in processing under high temperature (160-200 ℃). Conclusion Transformation of alisol B 23-acetate has two routes when A. orientalis is processed under high temperature: For one, alisol B 23-acetate is rearranged into alisol A 24-acetate which could be deacetylated into alisol A; for the other; it is deacetylated into alisol B first, then transformed into alisol A.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics of Danshensu (tanshinol) in Danqi Injection(DQI) in dogs. Methods HPLC-UV detection was used to determine the Danshensu level in biological samples. The Lichrospher C18 column(4.6?250 mm,5?m) was used as an analytical column with a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-1 %acetic acid (8∶92),the flow rate being 1.0mL?min-1 and the wave-length being 280 nm. Results After intravenous injection of DQI in dogs,the plasma concentration-time curve of DQI in dogs fitted well to a two-compartment model,with the characteristics of fast absorption and slow elimination.Its pharmacokinetics parameters are as follows:?=1.533 h-1,?=0.5111 h-1,T(peak)=0.25 h,T1/2?=0.573 h. Conclusion The pharmacokinetics of DQI in dogs fits the two-compartment model.In the pharmacokinetics of Danshensu,elimination course is the main course with the slow and lasting characteristics.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the sterilization steps and effects of low temperature plasma on heat-resistant items. METHODS Low temperature plasma sterilization was adopted to operate according to standard procedures including pre-sterilizaing, packaging, sterilization, unloading and storageing. RESULTS Low temperature plasma had the features of reliable sterilization effect, easy to monitor, short time needed, and high utilization rate which could greatly increase the number of surgery and have a long term storage. CONCLUSIONS Low temperature plasma sterilization is a kind of fast, safe and effective way of sterilization by which the sterilization quality is guaranteed and the hospital infection rate is reduced greatly to meet the clinical demands to sterile items.

Objective To explore the possible mechanism by which protein kinase C (PKC) involves in the neuronal apoptosis induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion Methods After the model of ischemia/reperfusion was established in male Wistar rats, PKC activity, FOS protein expression and neuronal apoptosis in their brains were observed The effect of PKC inhibitor, Dengzhanghua, on above indexes were studied at the same time Results Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion resulted in transloactional activation of PKC, accompanied with the increase of FOS expression and neuronal apoptosis Dengzhanghua prevented against the above changes Conclusion Activated PKC is involved in ischemia/reperfusion induced neuronal apoptosis by regulating FOS expression

Objective To study the applicability of ultrafiltration of tween-80 and it solubilizing schizonepeta volatile oil and paeonol of ultrafiltration. Method Taking components content as index, temperature, pressure, concentration and membrane pore size were selected as factors for orthogonal design method. The concentration was determinated in medical solution before and after ultrafiltration, and the transmittance rate (TS) was calculated to observe the content variation of tween-80 and it solubilizing solution. Results The four factors had markedly effect on TS of tween-80, concentration was statistically significant (P

Objective To study the pharmacokinetic features of silibinin from Jiqi Injection(JI) in Beagle dogs,and to observe the effect of Panax notoginseng saponins,another active component in JI,on pharmacokinetics of silibinin. Methods The Beagle dogs received intravenous injection of JI and silibinin,and then its plasma sample was collected in different time. The plasma samples of Beagle were prepared by hydrolysis with sulfatase-? glucuronidase complex enzyme and liquid-liquid extraction with aether. A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to determine the plasma concentration of silibinin,and the pharmacokinetic parameters were performed by BAPP2.3 program. Results The pharmacokinetics of two tested preparations met with two-compartment model. There were not significant differences between pharmacokinetic parameters of JI and that of Silibinin Injection. Conclusion The silibinin in Jiqi Injection has a fast in-vivo clearance rate after intravenous injection,and Panax notoginseng saponins have no effect on its pharmacokinetic parameters.

Objective To explore the optimal time for clinical interventions on full-term or nearterm pregnant women with premature rupture of membranes(PROM). Methods A retrospective study was conducted on clinical data of 903 healthy, full-term or near-term (gestational age ≥ 35 weeks), singleton pregnant women with PROM, who admitted to our hospital from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2009. All subjects were divided into 6 groups: women in group 1 were those fell into spontaneous labor within 6 h after PROM (n=269, 29.8%); women in group 2 were in spontaneous labor between 6 to 12 h after PROM (n= 161, 17.8%) ; women in group 3 were in spontaneous labor at 12 to 24 h after PROM (n = 75, 8. 3%); In group 4 oxytocin was administered for induction for women not in labor at 6 to 12 h after PROM (n= 124, 13.7%) ; Group 5 included those women who were not in labor at 12 to 24 h after PROM and oxytocin induction was offered (n=98, 10. 9%);Group 6 consisted of those women who were not in labor over 24 h after PROM and oxytocin induction was offered (n = 176, 19. 5%). The maternal and neonatal complications and outcomes of all pregnancies were reviewed and compared. Results Among the 903 cases, the total number of women without any medical interventions was 681, among which 505 (74.2%) fell into spontaneous labor, including 430 (63.2%) within 12 h with a cesarean section rate(CSR) of 20.7%(89/430), 75 (11.0%) at 12-24 h after PROM with the CSR of 50.7% (38/75), and 176 (25.8%) did not go into labor spontaneously (group 6) with a CSR of 70. 5% (124/176). (2) Among the 930 women, 398were induced at 6, 12 and 24 h after PROM. The CSR, incidence of intrauterine infection, puerperal morbidity and perinatal mortality rate in group 5 were significantly lower than those of group 6 [CSR:52.0%(51/98) vs 70. 5%(124/176); intrauterine infection: 6. 1%(6/98) vs 22. 7%(40/176);puerperal morbidity: 6. 1% (6/98) vs 19.9% (35/176); perinatal mortality: 7. 1% (7/98) vs 20.5%(36/176),all P＜0. 01], but no difference was found in the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage [1.0%(1/98) vs 4.0%(7/176), P＞0.05]. Conclusions Intervention is not recommended within 12 h after PROM in full term or near term gravidas. However, induction of labor should be offered thereafter. However, the CSR and incidence of maternal and neonatal complications rise up if induction of labor postponed to 24 h after PROM.

Using a UPLC-MS/MS (MRM) and cocktail probe substrates method, the metabolic fingerprint of the compatibility of Radix Aconite (RA) and Radix Paeoniae Alba (RPA) and its effect on CYP450 enzymes were investigated. These main CYP isoforms include CYP 1A2, CYP 2C, CYP 2E1, CYP 2D and CYP 3A. Compared with the inhibition effect of RA decoctions on CYP450 isoforms, their co-decoctions of RA and RPA with different proportions can decrease RA' inhibition on CYP3A, CYP2D, CYP2C and CYP1A2, but can not reduce RA' effect on CYP2E1. The metabolic fingerprints of RA decoction and co-decoctions with different proportions of RPA in CYP450 of rat liver were analyzed by UPLC-MS. Compared with the metabolic fingerprints of RA decoction, the intensity of diester-diterpenoid aconitum alkaloids decreased significantly, while the intensity of monoester-diterpenoid alkaloids significantly increased in the metabolic fingerprints of co-decoctions of RA and RPA. The results suggest that RA coadministration with RPA increased the degradation of toxic alkaloid and show the effect of toxicity reducing and efficacy enhancing.

The genetically modified mice , as a helpful model , have been widely used in life scientific research . However, several new issues appeared subsequently with the wide application of the genetically modified mice .Here, we mainly discussed and analyzed the problems in the management and usage of genetically modified mice , which underlies the foundation for establishing management practice of the genetically modified mice .