Objective To study the influence of aging and chemotherapeutic drugs of breast cancer patients on chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA) and to guide the further selection of drugs for chemotherapy.Methods We prospectively studied the CIA of the premenopausal breast cancer patients and compared the difference in CIA between the patients who were at different aging periods or received different chemotherapeutics. Results 137 patients were followed up.The occurrence rate of CIA and long-term chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea(LCIA)were 73.72%(101/137)and 43.80%(60/137)respectively.The rate of CIA and LCIA was significandy higher in older women(＞40 years)than young women(≤40 years,X2=25.32,18.42,P＜0.05).The recovery rate of CIA in young women was 61.90%(13/21)which was significantly higher than the older women[35.00%(28/80);X2=4.99,P=0.025].The difference in the rate of LCIA was statistically significant between the older women (＞40 years)who received different anthracyclinebased chemotherapy(X2=6.92,P=0.031).Conclusion Age is an important factor for the CIA.Chemotherapy has less influence on the menstruation of younger women(≤40) and most amenorrhea is reversible.For older women,the rate of LCIA is different in patients who receive imported epirubicin,domestic epirubicin or pirarubicin.

The majority of women diagnosed with early-stage breast-cancer have an excellent long-term prognosis, but many still suffer from worsened life quality and infertility caused by chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea(CIA). The risk of CIA varies by patient age, but is not significantly influenced by chemotherapeutic regimens. CIA will improve disease-free survival and overall survival for patients with hormonal receptor positive tumors. For low-risk patients and patients with the intention of maintaining fertility, proper treatments need to be chosen to preserve their reproductive function.

Destroyed lung has resulted in the pathological changes of irreversible lung damage. The variety of reasons cause lobes of lung or the side of the whole lung loss of function and volume decrease. To the side of lung damage for patients.,it is necessary to take the whole side of surgical resection of lung disease at the right time Not only it can quickly alleviate the respiratory symptoms, but also can significantly improve the patients quality of life. Even some benign disease can be cured to achieve the purpose. Because of the extensive fibrosis of lung tissue loss of the affected lung function. Patients have varying degrees of shortness of breath and recurrent cough, cough purulent sputum, hemoptysis. Because of the thickened parietal pleura,those result in the effect of bad medical treatment. Most need surgical treatment, but the surgery cause perioperative patient physiological condition of interference, Major trauma surgical procedures, much more bleeding, and many and serious postoperative complications, those require a higher surgical technique. The article summed up the whole lung damage lung surgical methods and progress were reviewed.

500?mol/L) of propofol was needed; In biological system near the range of anaesthetic concentration, propofol effectively scavenged oxygen free radical produced by respiratory burst of PMN. Conclusion: Propofol scavenging hydroxyl radical generated in biological and nonbiological system,may be one of the main mechanisms of its antioxidation,the intralipid component of Diprivan may affect its antioxidation.

Objective To compare the effect of spinal anesthesia by using 0.75% ropivacaine or 0.5% bupivacaine in a simulated state of rocking naval vessels, in order to choose an optimal anesthetic agent in a rocking naval vessels at sea. Methods Eighty patients undergoing elective surgery of abdomen or lower limb were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=20). Namely, horizontal level with 0.75% ropivacaine control group (R1), horizontal level with 0.5% bupivacaine control group (B1), simulated rocking with 0.75% ropivacaine group (R2), simulated rocking with 0.5% bupivacaine group (B2). The effect of anesthesia, the changes in hemodynamics and the incidence of relevant side-effects were determined and compared among the four groups. Results The anesthetic level (analgesic level) of group B2 was 2.7 segments higher than that in group B1, and the durations for fixed level was longer than group B1 (P

Objective To define the correlation between nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell radiosensitivity and gene mutation in the ATM/PI3K coding region. Methods The gene mutation in the ATM/PI3K region of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines which vary in radiosensitivity,was monitored by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and fluorescence marked ddNTP cycle sequencing technique.Results No gene mutation was detected in the ATM/PI3K region of either CNE1 or CNE2.Conclusion Disparity in intrinsic radiosensitivity between different NPC cell lines depends on some other factors and mechanism without being related to ATM/PI3K mutations.

Objective To explore the effect of enalapril combined with folate acid on endothelial function and urine microalbumin(UMA) in patients with hypertension.Methods 120 patients with hypertension were randomly divided into two groups:control group (n =60) was given enalapril 10.0mg/d,observation group (n =60) received enalapril 10.0mg + folic acid 0.4mg/d.The total treatment period was 8 weeks.Blood pressure,plasma homocysteine (Hcy),flow mediated dilation (FMD) and UMA were examined.Results The efficacy of pressure releasinghad no significant difference between two groups.Hcy[(10.2 ± 5.8) μmol/L vs (16.6 ±-8.1) μmol/L,t =3.641],FMD[(14.8 ±5.4)％ vs (8.2±3.5)％,t =7.325] and UMA[(14.8 ±5.4)mg/L vs (31.6 ±9.5)mg/L,t =8.221] of two groups were significantly different after treatment.Conclusion Combination therapy of enalapril and folate acid can decrease plasma Hey and UMA,restore vascular endothelium function in patients with hypertension.

The result of medical licensing examination is an objective reflection of the quality of medical education. The average scores and pass rates of medical licensing examination of the military medical university including The Third Military Medical University, were under the national average levels, which made us find the problems, therefore, reflection on curriculum structure, teaching method, administration mode and continuing education should be integrated to the requirement of the medical licensing examination, so as to let the students meet the complex demand of the society, as well as the special requirement of military service.

BACKGROUND: Lumbar spondylolysis is the common cause of teenagers' low back pain. It should apply internal fixation if conservative treatment is invalid. There are a variety of surgeries, which aims to alleviate pain and bony fusion of pars defect.OBJECTIVE: To observe clinical outcome of bone graft of pars defect plus temporary single segmental pedicle screw rod fixation for adolescent lumbar spondylolysis.METHODS: A total of 32 adolescent patients of lumbar spondylolysis were treated by bone graft of pars defect plus temporary single segmental pedicle screw rod fixation. All the patients had bilateral spondylolysis. 20 patients had no lumbar spondylolisthesis, while the others had I° spondylolisthesis. All the patients received lumbar radiograph, CT and MRI. Visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index were utilized to evaluate pain improvement before and after operation. MacNab was used to assess efficacy. Bone graft healing at isthmus was observed with lumbar CT after fixation. The internal fixation was removed after bone fusion, then the motion of the fixed segment and the degeneration of adjacent intervertebral disc occurred were recorded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Completed bone fusion of pars defect was achieved in all the patients. The average period of bone union was 7.4 months. (2) The visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index scores were significantly improved after surgery in all patients (P < 0.05). (3) The fixed segment reserved the motion after internal fixation removal. The signal of adjacent intervertebral disc of fixed segment had no changes compared to preoperative MRI. (4) Bone graft to repair isthmus defect plus temporary single segmental screw rod fixation for adolescent lumbar spondylolysis is very effective, the bone fusion is completed, and temporary fixation may effectively alleviate the degeneration of adjacent disc.

In this paper,the constitute elements of Sino-US licensed doctors' practical skill examination evaluation index system are expounded.Through comparison,the differences on the formulation basis,classification principle,test content,and ability requirements are inferred;On the basis of referring to the advanced experience and practice of the United States,and by combining the requirements of the most basic requirements of global medical education,suggestions for improving the Chinese licensed doctors' practical skill examination evaluation index system are proposed in terms of integrating the test syllabus classification,adjusting the distribution of clinical practice ability examination content,increasing the proportion of medical humanities content test,as well as establishing a scientific examination evaluation index weight table.