ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the expression of human proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and human MutS honolog2 gene (hMSH2) in breast cancer and its significance. Methods PCNA and hMSH2 expression were detected in 68 cases of breast cancer tissues by immunohistochemistry.ResultsAmong the 68 cases of breast cancer, the expression rate of PCNA and hMSH2 was 44.1％ (30/68) and 54.4％ (37/68) respectively.The expression of PCNA and hMSH2 was positively correlated with lymph nodes metastasis(P ＜0.05).PCNA expression was positively correlated to hMSH2 expression in breast cancer (P ＜0.05).ConclusionInteraction between PCNA and hMSH2 may be related to the carcinogenesis of breast cancer.Effective detection of PCNA and hMSH2 proteins may contribute to the evaluation of malignancy and biological behavior of breast cancer.

Objective:To analyze PD-L2 expression on monocytes of peripheral blood cells in systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE) and it′s correlation with the degree of disease activity .Methods:Peripheral blood of 26 cases of SLE patiens and 38 cases of healthy controls were collected .Peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMC) were isolated and realtime PCR was carried on to analyze the PD-L2 gene expression.At the same time flow cytometry was performed to analyze the CD 14 and PD-L2 expression.Results:PD-L2 was significantly up-regulated on monocytes in RA patients than in healthy controls and had correlation with the disease activity and the SLEAI score.Conclusion:These findings help to clarify the function of PD-L2,including its potential role as a biomarker for SLE .

The widespread application of next generation sequencing (NGS) in clinical settings has enabled testing, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of genetic diseases. However, many issues have arisen in the meanwhile. One of the most pressing issues is the lack of standards for reporting genetic test results across different service providers. The First Forum on Standards and Specifications for Clinical Genetic Testing was held to address the issue in Shenzhen, China, on October 28, 2017. Participants, including geneticists, clinicians, and representatives of genetic testing service providers, discussed problems of clinical genetic testing services across in China and shared opinions on principles, challenges, and standards for reporting clinical genetic test results. Here we summarize expert opinions presented at the seminar and report the consensus, which will serve as a basis for the development of standards and guidelines for reporting of clinical genetic testing results, in order to promote the standardization and regulation of genetic testing services in China.