Objective To investigate the effects of early rehabilitation therapy in mechanically ventilated ICU in patients.Methods A randomized controlled trial was carried out.Sixty mechanically ventilated patients,with tracheal intubation or tracheostomy more than 48 h and less than 72 h,were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College Qingdao University from May 2010 to May 2012.These patients were randomly (random number) divided into two groups,the rehabilitation group and the control group,30 patients in each group.In rehabilitation group,rehabilitation therapy was taken twice daily,and the training time and intensity was adjusted according to the condition of the patients.Early rehabilitation therapy included head up actively,transfer from the supine to sit,out of bed,transfer to a chair,standing bedside bed and walking bedside bed.The patient' s body mass index,days to first out of bed,duration of mechanical ventilation,ICU stay,APACHE Ⅱ score,highest FiO2,lowest PaO2/FiO2 and hospital mortality of patients were compared between rehabilitation group and control group.The differences between the groups were compared using t test.Results There was no significant difference in body mass index,APACHE Ⅱ score,highest FiO2,lowest PaO2/FiO2 and hospital mortality between rehabilitation group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).Patients in the rehabilitation group had shorter first out of bed time [(3.8 ± 1.2) d vs.(14.9 ±4.7) d; P =0.00],duration of mechanical ventilation [(5.6±2.1) dvs.(12.7±4.1) d; P=0.005] andICUstay [(7.3±2.8) dvs.(15.2±4.5) d;P =0.01] compared with control group.Conclusions Early rehabilitation therapy was safe and effective in improving the outcomes of mechanical ventilation patient.

Objective To study the influence of the different tidal volume on hemodynamics,pulmonary ventilation and pulmonary mechanics during mechanical ventilation in patients with acute lung injury.Methods To adopt contrast method,making use of the VIIP +0.196 kPa of P-V curve to decide PEEP,then according to the VUIP of P-V curve,obtaining the three different data of humidity 100%Vt,85% Vt and 70 Vt.At the same time,monitoring the change of static compliance,the changing of hemodynamics and P-V curve.Results 85%Vt group was better than 100%Vt group and 70%Vt group in the heart rates,CVP,PaO_2,the peak airway pressure(PIP) and mean pressure(Pm),Cst,PaO_2/FiO_2.Conclusions When insuring the PEEP data in low inflection point pressure (Pinf) of breathing system P-V curve,and 85% humidity in upper inflection point pressure,which is in accordance with individual protecting breathing strategy.The curative effect is the best for improving static compliance and decreasing the harm of lung injury.The change of pressure-volume curve should be paid attention to in nursing.

BACKGROUND:Early knee ioint prosthesis is used to relieve severe pain of patients．With continuous modification，the knee joint prosthesis with high flexion has developed．OBJECTIVE：To compare the clinical outcome between fixed platform high—flexion prosthesis and rotating platform high-flexion prosthesis following total knee arthroplasty．DESIGN：Non-randomized concurrent control trial of patients．PARTICIPANTS：Thirty-four patients(50 knees)with severe osteoarthritis underwent total knee replacement in Department of Bone and Joint,Tianjin Union Medicine Center from January to December 2006．METHODS：Of 34 patients，16(25 knees)underwent fixed platform high-flexion prosthesis replacement(LPS flexion，Zimmer，USA)，and 18(25 knees)underwent rotating platform high-flexion prosthesis replacement(PFC sigma RPF prosthesis．Johnson & Johnson,USA)．MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：Knee joint function was evaluated using Hospital for Special Surgery Knee Score (HSS)before and 2 weeks，1，3 and 6 months after surgery．In addition，range of flexion of the knee was observed at 6 months postoperatively．RESULTS：Thirty-four cases completed the treatment and were followed up for 6 months．HSS scores of patients undergoing rotating platform high-flexion prosthesis replacement were higher than fixed platform high·flexion prosthesis replacement group at 2 weeks postoperatively(P<0．05)，while no differences were found in HSS scores at 1，3 and 6 months after surgery(P>0．05)．In addition，there were no significant differences in the range of flexion of the knee at 6 months postoperatively[(130．4±15．2)°，(129．9±13．8)°，P>0．05]．CONCLUSION：Fixed platform and rotating platform high-flexion prosthesis replacement exhibit similar early effects on severe osteoarthritis．

Objective To investigate the effects of ulinastatin on the number of peripheral blood lymphocyte and the percentage of its subsets in patients with severe sepsis. Methods The scores of APECHE II and SOFA, the number of lymphocyte and the percentage of different subsets in these sepsis patients at different treatment time were measured. Results After treatment, the scores of APECHE II and SOFA of severe sepsis patients were decreased, the number of lymphocyte elevated and the percentages of different subset were corrected. Sepsis caused by Gram- positive pathogens had stronger suppression of peripheral blood lymphocyte and subsets compared with Gram - negative pathogens. Conclusion Patients with severe sepsis had less peripheral blood lymphocyte and abnormal subsets. Ulinastatin could help to correct such abnormality.

Objective To confirm the predictive value of diaphragm thickening fraction (DTF) on successful weaning by bedside ultrasound in patients with myasthenia gravis crisis. Methods A prospective study was conducted. The patients with myasthenia gravis crisis undergoing mechanical ventilation admitted to Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from March 2015 to February 2017 were enrolled. All patients underwent a low level pressure support mode of spontaneous breathing test (SBT), and rapid shallow breathing index (RSBI) was recorded. The indicators of right diaphragm thickness at the end of inspiration (DTei) and expiration (DTee) were determined by bedside ultrasound at 5 minutes and 60 minutes of SBT, and DTF was calculated, the changes in above parameters were observed during SBT. The patients were divided into successful weaning group and failure weaning group, and the differences in above indexes were compared between the two groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to evaluate the predictive value of DTF and RSBI at 60 minutes of SBT on successful weaning. Results A total of 37 patients were enrolled in the study. Ultrasonic measurement data of 63 person-times at 5 minutes of SBT and 50 at 60 minutes of SBT were obtained. There were no statistical differences in RSBI, DTei, DTee, and DTF at 5 minutes of SBT between successful weaning group (n = 33) and failure weaning group (n = 30). At 60 minutes of SBT, compared with successful weaning group (n = 33), the patients in failure weaning group (n = 17) had a higher RSBI (times·min-1·L-1: 80.41±29.08 vs. 63.94±23.84, t = 2.146, P = 0.037), and lower DTee, DTei and DTF [DTee (mm): 22.00±6.25 vs. 25.45±4.99, t = 2.127, P = 0.039; DTei (mm): 27.94±6.19 vs. 38.48±6.15,t = 5.731, P = 0.000; DTF: (24.46±14.11)% vs. (62.04±30.21)%, t = 4.845, P = 0.000]. There were no statistical differences in RSBI, DTei, DTee, and DTF between 5 minutes and 60 minutes of SBT in 33 person-time successful weaning (all P > 0.05). In 17 person who had 60 minutes of SBT but failed weaning, the RSBI at 60 minutes of SBT was significantly higher than that at 5 minutes (times·min-1·L-1: 80.41±29.08 vs. 57.29±22.46, t = 2.400, P = 0.029), and DTei and DTF were significantly decreased [DTei (mm): 27.94±6.19 vs. 35.35±6.84, t = 3.024, P = 0.000; DTF:(24.46±14.11)% vs. (61.89±23.97)%, t = 5.810, P = 0.000], but the change of DTee during SBT showed no statistical significance. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of DTF at 60 minutes of SBT for predicting successful weaning was 0.898; when DTF ≥ 27.9% as the cut-off point, the sensitivity was 93.9%, specificity was 70.6%. The AUC of RSBI for predicting successful weaning was 0.669; when RSBI ≥ 86.50 times·min-1·L-1 as the cut-off point, the sensitivity was 81.8%, specificity was 52.9%. Conclusion DTF at 60 minutes of SBT is the effective index of successful weaning prediction in mechanical ventilation patients with myasthenia gravis crisis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction using the semitendinosus tendon autograft for the treatment of the patellar dislocation.Methods From January 2007 to January 2010,16 cases of patellar dislocation were included in this group.Lysholm score was averaged preoperatively.Arthroscopic-assisted in the semitendinosus tendon autograft reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament,the central graft were fixed on the inner edge of the patellar in the upper 1/3 and the mid-point location,the end were fixed on the channel of femoral epicondyle and adductor tubercle.Results All the patients that lined progressive knee rehabilitation after operation,returned to normal walking for 3 months,6 months could be sports.Followed up for 7-54( 26.36 ± 20.48 ) months,all of patients incision were healed as grade Ⅰ,knee function were normal.Postoperative Lysholm score (93.21 ± 4.68) scores compared with preoperative ( 76.53 ± 8.35 ) scores was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Using the semitendinosus tendon autograft for the treatment of the patellar dislocation method is simple and can effectively restore normal patellar trajectory.At the same time,which is an effective surgical method to treat recurrentdislocation of the patellar.

Objective To compare the efficiency of intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid (TXA) and autolo-gous transfusion drain on the blood loss after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods A total of 124 patients (124 knees) with varus knee osteoarthritis, who were performed TKA,were retrospectively analyzed. Patients included 24 males and 100 females. The mean age was(65.03±6.84)years. Due to the blood loss control method, patients were divided into two groups including TXA application group (test group, n=49) and autologous transfusion drain group (control group, n=75). The data of blood routine examination, blood loss and blood transfusion after TKA were analyzed. Results The blood transfusion rates were 10.20%(5/49) in test group and 17.33%(13/75) in control group 7 days after TKA surgery. There was no signifi-cant difference between two groups (P>0.05). There were significant differences in red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and haematocrit (HCT) between groups and effects of interaction in the two groups (P＜0.01). There were significantly higher values of RBC, Hb and HCT at 1, 3 and 7 days after surgery in test group than those of control group (P＜0.05).The total blood loss 1 and 3 days after TKA was significantly lower in test group than that of control group (P＜0.05). There was no sig-nificant difference in the blood loss 7 days after surgery between two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion The single dose intra-articular injection of tranexamic acid is a safe and effective procedure for hemostasis after TKA.

Paeonia lactiflora Pall. has a long history of utilization, and is widely used in pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industry. In this paper, the invention patents of traditional medicine P. lactiflora before 2014 were retrieved, and totally 18 192 patent families were obtained. And we formed the patent analysis report of medicine P. lactiflora based on a multi-angle analysis. Results show that, as to the patent number of medicine P. lactiflora, China is much more than any other country, and the applications mainly came from pharmaceutical enterprises. But the technologi-cal quality of patents and international protection ratio are low in our country. We need to strengthen in treatment of cardiovascular and liver disease. The patents mainly focused on the use of tonic health, which is compatible with Traditional Chinese Medicine. On the product development, dosage forms need to be enhanced. As to the compre-hensive utilization of resources, the flower and seed of P. lactiflora have relatively larger research space and value. This work will be helpful for researchers in deeply understanding the research achievements of medicine P. lactiflora, and provides the reference data for the future research.

Objective To evaluate the femur biomechanical changes of finite analysis with different femoral stem ex-tension implants in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods The full-length femoral CT scan was performed in selected healthy volunteers. The femoral digital model was established with Mimics 10.0 and Geomagic Studio 10.0 software. The models of femoral prosthesis and stem extension implant were created by laser scanner. According to the common three hip loading modes (1 586 N, 1 690 N and 2 132 N), the maximum principal stress (MPS), the maximum principal elastic deforma-tion (MPES) and MPES distribution changes were recorded and analyzed by three-dimensional finite element analysis with ANSYS Workbench13.0 software. Results The MPS values before TKA were 98.54, 147.36 and 143.51 MPa respectively when values of femoral head loading were 1 586 N, 1 690 N and 2 132 N. With the increase in the length of the femoral pros-thesis extension rod, the MPS and MPES showed a decreasing trend. There was a positive correlation between free femur ra-tio (FFR) and MPES (P<0.05). The MPES distribution was gradually concentrated at the top point of femur stem extension implant with the increase in the length of the femoral prosthesis extension rod. Conclusion The values of MPS and MPES were gradually decreased with the increase in the length of the femoral stem extension implant. There was a positive linear correlation between FFR and MPES. The stress concentration was focused obviously at the top end of femoral stem extension implant with its length more than 120 mm.

Objective To evaluate the application of clinical cases related problem-based-learning (PBL) method in critical care medical standardized resident training program. Methods 84 residents were randomly divided into experimental group (n=42) and control group (n=42) by lottery way. The experimental group received PBL process during clinical case analysis while the control group learned completely through traditional teaching method . The residents' clinical competence were assessed by multiple scale mixed method including question bank examination (QBE), case-based discussion (CBD), direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS), simulation etc, and Likert-type scale questionnaire was used to evaluate the feedback of training residents. SPSS 17.0 was used to do line t test to the data of both groups. Results Finally 84 residents finished the study. There were no difference in the general conditions in two groups. The PBL group achieved higher examination score during QBE [(80.26 ±8.89) vs. (86.10 ±9.32)], CBD [(84.83±5.43) vs. (75.36±6.06)], DOPS [(88.81±6.68) vs. (82.70±6.98)], simulation [(79.86±10.09) vs.(72.71±9.30)]. Except two groups residents all gave high scores in enhancing cross connection in clinical knowledge [(4.786±0.470) vs. (4.571±0.859), P=0.16], and the questionnaire results showed that the resi-dents of PBL group gave higher points in exciting autonomous learning, improving clin-ical analysis ability, accelerating clinical thinking establish, developing independent thinking habits, improving the clinical communication skills and teamwork ability (P<0.05). Conclusion The clinical cases related PBL method can improve the training effects during critical care medical standardized resident training program. It can be used broadly after adapting modification in critical care medical education.