Objective To establish the predictive value of perinatal factors associated with periventricular intraventricular haemorrhage (PIVH). Methods All very low birth weight infants underwent real time ultrasonography of the brain. The haemorrhages were graded to make use of stepwise logistic regression analyses to search predictive factors of PIVH and severe intraventricular haemorrhage. Results The incidence of PIVH of 412 very low birth weight infants was 25.0% (103/412), the mortality rate of PIVH was 39.8% (41/103). The incidence of PIVH by year was declining from 32.0% in 1994 to 17.6% in 2000 through the formulation of rational interventions. Infants who were of lower gestational age and lower birth weight had a higher incidence of PIVH and more severe intraventricular haemorrhage. Correlated factors were subjected to multivariate analysis. The predictive factors were perinatal asphyxia (OR 2.46,95% CI 1.48,4.42), gestation of less than 29 weeks (OR 2.37,95% CI 1.35,3.68),severe respiratory distress syndrome (OR 2.16,95% CI 1.34, 4.19),vaginal delivery (OR 2.14, 95% CI 1.15, 4.12). Conclusion Some intervention like prevention of low birth weight infant may reduce the incidence of periventricular intraventricular haemorrhage.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Shengxuening Tablets combined with erythropoietin(EPO) for the treatment of anemia in premature infants.Methods Sixty premature infants aged 31+1 to 32+6 weeks were randomized into two groups.The treatment group received Shengxuening Tablets combined with EPO,and the control group received EPO.The treatment lasted 4 weeks.Before treatment,and 7,14,21 and 28 days after treatment,hemoglobin(Hb) level,hematocrit(HCT),and reticulocyte(Ret) were detected.Meanwhile,the changes of serum ferrum(SF) content and total iron bind capacity(TIBC) before treatment and 14 and 28 days after treatment were observed.Results The cure and markedly effective rate was 96.7% in the treatment group and 80.0% in the control group(P

BACKGROUND: Hematopoietic stem cells have an ability of multi-directional differentiation and can be differentiated into megakayocytes in the presence of suitable hematopoietic growth factors and lineage special growth factors.Inducing of CD34+ stem cells to megakaryocytes in vitro involves many changes in gene expression, especially the signal transduction genes.OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of signal transduction genes after differentiation from stem cells into megakaryocytes.DESIGN: Open experiment.SETTING: Department of Tumor Immunology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital.MATERIALS: 60-145 mL of cord blood was collected from normal labor fetuses under sterile conditions by using the blood-bag collective method. Patients and their relatives provided the confirmed consent. Reagents and equipments were detailed as follows: VarioMACS segregation apparatus, CD34+ Isolation Kit, SCGM serum-free medium, CD monoclonal antibodies, cytokines, human genome Oligo Set Version 2.1 from the CapitalBio Corporation, and LuxScan 10K/A bi-passage laser scanning apparatus. The researchers obtained consent from the local ethic committee.METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Department of Tumor Immuonlogy, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital and the CaptialBio Corporation. from July 2005 to June 2006. RNA was extracted separately from CD34+ cells purified from cord blood and CD41+ cells induced from the same cord blood. The cDNA probes were synthesized by reverse transcription and purified. CD34+ cells before culturing and CD41+ cells after culturing were labeled with Cy3-dCTP and Cy5-dCTP respectively. Labeled DNA was dissolved in 30 μL hybridization fluid and hybridized at 42 ℃ over night MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The differential gene expression between haematopoietic stem cells and megakaryocytes involving cell signal transduction were detected by using DNA microarray analysis. According to the gene chip results,17 differentially expressed genes were selected for further analysis by RT-PCR.RESULTS: In this experiment, 3 522 differentially expressed genes were screened, including 1705 up-regulated genes and 1 817 down-regulated genes. In the 3 522 differentially expressed genes, there were 343 genes involved in cell signaling, 150 genes involved in transcription regulation, 21 genes involved in cell differentiation. The expression of the CD61 gene increased 369.83 fold, the expression of the CD41 gene increased 27.38 fold, and the expression of PF4 gene increased 24.06 folds; The expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and members of RAS oncogene family increased mostly. The expression of the genes involved in STAT pathways, both SOCS1 and JAK2 were up-regulated, but STAT5A was down-regulated. As determined by the gene chip results, 17 differentially expressed genes were selected for further analysis by RT-PCR. GAPDH was used as the internal control, and RT-PCR results were in agreement and confirmed the finding from the gene chip expression results.CONCLUSION: Thrombopoeitin (TPO) and other hematopoietic growth factors may enhance the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes derived from cord blood stem cells by GPCRs-Ras-MAPK pathway.

Objective To analyze the influence of peptidimer-c on the gene expression profiling of K562 cells and investigate the mechanism of peptidimer-c inducing the apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of K562cells.Methods Trypan blue staining technique was performed for counting the number of living K562 cells treated with peptidimer-c.The ultrastructure changes of K562 cells treated with peptidimer-c was observed under transmission electron microscope.The Human U133 Plus 3.0 gene chips were used to detect the differentially expressed genes of K562 cells treated with peptidimer-c.Reverse transcription PCR was conducted to confirm some genes identified by gene chips.Results Peptidimer-c could induce the apoptosis and inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells.Peptidimer-c caused widely changes of the gene expression profiles of K562 cells.The chip data suggested that there were 529 differentially expressed genes,of which 455 genes were up-regulated and 74 genes were down-regulated.The relevant apoptotic genes were down-regulated markedly,including JUN,AXUD1,TNFRSF10B,etc.Fifteen of the differentially expressed genes were detected by RT-PCR,which was consistent with the chip data.Conclusion Peptidimer-c may induce aooptosis of K562 cells by activating the TNF/TNFR family and the JUN family.

objective To retrospectively evaluate the accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)and CT in preoperative tumor,and nodal metastasis(TN)staging of esophageal carcinoma.Methods TN stages of 87 cases diagnosed with preoperative EUS and CT were compared with postoperative pathological results.No patient underwent radiotherapy or chemotheraphy.The radial echoendoscope was used,and balloon dilation was required in 5 cases with stricture.Results The total accuracy of T staging with EUS was 85.1%.CT could not differentiate Tl from T2.The sensitivity of EUS for N staging was 85.0%,higher than that of CT(60.8%).However,some lymph nodes which were not detected by EUS could be revealed by CT.Accuracy of EUS plus CT in T staging is 85.1%.and that in N staging is 90.8%.Conclusion EUS is the most accurate measure in assessing the depth of tumor invasion,whereas the combination of EUS and CT is capable of an overall evaluation for TNM staging.

Objective To construct the tranfected cell expressing the human CXCR4 gene and to identify the effect on its immigration. Methods Total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood monouclear cell (PBMC),the full-length CXCR4 gene was amplified by RT-PCR and was inserted into plasmids PBudCE4.1 which have two promtors, after the identification by digestion and sequencing,the recombinant was transfected into K562 cell by lipofectamineTM2000. After screening culture by zeocin, stable transfected K562 cell line was established, and transcription and exression of CXCR4 were checked by flow cytometry; the chemotactic activity of K562 cell transfected and untrandfected CXCR4 was analyzed by Transell plate. Results The eukaryotic expression plasmid PBudCE4.1/ CXCR4 was constructed successfully. The stable trasfected K562/CXCR4 cell lines which highly express CXCR4 was established,the chemotactic activity of K562/CXCR4 was increased significiantly than K562. ConclusionCXCR4 transfected K562 cell line was successfully established, and it can make the basis for the further research on mechanism of extramedullary infiltration in leukemia.

Objective To investigate the corresponds between NF-κB p65 activation and k-ras mutations.Methods NF-κB p65 activation was analyzed by immunochemistry in 167 colorectal cancer specimens in which the k-ras mutation status was confirmed.Resluts Among 167 colorectal cancer specimens screened,59 (35.3 ％) had k-ras mutations and 63 (37.7 ％) had NF-κB p65 activation.k-ras mutations and NF-κB p65 nuclear expression were no significant difference in different sex,age,ECOG score,pathological types,degrees of pathological differentiation,TNM stage,and metastases on lymph nodes (P＞ 0.05).The positive nuclear expression rate of NF-κB p65 was 50.8 ％ (30/59) in specimens with k-ras mutations and 30.6 ％ (33/108) in specimens with wild type k-ras.There was obviously statistical difference between them (P =0.010).Conclusion NF-κB p65 activation in coloretal cancer was associated with k-ras mutations.

Objective:To study the alteration of K-ras mutations in different stages of colorectal cancer(CRC) and its influence on the progression of CRC. Methods:The 20 paraffin-embedded tissues, including primary foci, metastatic lymph nodes, remoter metastatic foci, colorectal adenoma, and normal colorectal tissues, were collected from 20 patients with colorectal cancer. The sequence of PCR-amplified products were analyzed. Results:The wild K-ras gene was expressed in normal colorectal tissues. The mutation frequency of K-ras gene was 20.0% (4/20) in colorectal adenoma, 30.0% (6/20) in primary foci, 25.0% (5/20) in metastatic lymph nodes, and 30% (6/20) in remote metastatic lesions. In the samples with K-ras mutations, the consistency of the types of K-ras mutations between primary foci and colorectal carcinoma, lymph node metastatic lesions, remote metastatic lesions was 0.0%(0/4), 40.0%(2/5), and 50.0%(3/6), respectively.Conclusion:The colorectal adenoma, metastatic lymph nodes and remote metastatic lesions were not suited for K-ras analysis as routine samples in clinical practice. If the samples of primary lesions were not available, the detection results of metastatic lymph nodes and remote metastatic remote lesions will provide some reference values. K-ras gene had several different mutations in the progression of CRC.

Objective To observe the expression of cytotoxicity and receptors on NK cells in breast cancer,and investigate the impact of soluble MICA(sohble MHC class Ⅰ-related molecules A,sMICA) on NK cells receptors expression and cytotoxicity.Methods ELISA was used to examine the sMICA in peripheral blood.The expressions of activated receptor(NKG2D),killer inhibitory receptor (KIR)(CD158b) and NK cells were identified by flow cytometry(FCM).Cytotoxicity of NK cells to breast cancer were tested by MTT.Results sMICA was (205.36±71.27)ng/L in breast cancer patients and 81.6 % samples were detected.There were positive correlations between sMICA levels with breast cancer stages.There were no difference of NK cells percentage between breast cancer and healthy person.The cytotoxicity of NK cells and expressions of NKG2D were obviously lower in breast cancer with sMICA(+) than in healthy person,but CD158b was higher in healthy person.After cultured with sMICA,NK cells cytotoxicity decreased from(76.2±6.7)% to(48.4±4.1)% and the expression of NKG2D reduced from(92.5±7.1)% to (62.5±6.4)%,but the the expression of CD158b increased from(10.6±3.2)% to (43.6±3.4)%.IL-15 up regulated the expression of NKG2D and NK cells cytotoxicity,but decreased the expression of CD158b by co-culturation with IL-15 and sMICA in sMICA+ patients with breast cancer.Conclusion sMICA reduced the expression of NKG2D and increased the expression of Kill,which lead to the down regulation of NK cells cytotoxicity.IL-15 can reverse this effect.

Objective To determine the diagnostic value of diffusion weighted imaging(DWI) for primary nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) and metastatic lymph nodes,and to establish the diagnostic thresh-old of apparent diffusion coefficients(ADCs). Methods Conventional MR scans and DWI scans were con-tinuously performed in 56 patients with newly diagnosed NPC and 55 healthy volunteers. All patients re-ceived primary tumor biopsy and MR image-guided cervical lymph node fine-needle biopsy. ADC and eADC values of both primary lesions and lymph nodes were calculated and compared. Results According to the pathological diagnosis,all the 56 patients had non-keratinizing carcinoma and 51 had lymph node metastasis. In the control group,75 cervical lymph nodes were found. ADC values of both primary NPC and metastatic lymph nodes were significantly lower, while eADC values were higher than those of normal controls. Setting the ADC value threshold at 0.809 ×10-3 mm2/s, the sensitivity and specificity for primary NPC detection were 80.4% and 74.5%, respectively. The negative and positive predictive values were 79.2% and 77.6% ,respectively. The accuracy was 78.4%. Setting the ADC value threshold at 0. 708×10-3 mm2/s, the sensitivity and specificity in the detection of metastatic cervical lymph nodes were 43.1% and 93.3%, respectively. The negative and positive predictive values were 70.7% and 81.5% ,respectively. The accura-cy was 73.0%. Conclusions DWI might be a new diagnostic approach in the detection of primary NPC as well as metastatic lymph nodes.