Objective To explore the clinical effect of local prophylactic application of methotrexate(MTX) in laparoscopic linear salpingostomy. Methods The data of 102 women with confirmed unruptured tubal pregnancy and desire to conceive were collected.They were divided into two groups: the study group(local application of MTX in the operation,n=51) and the control group(without application of MTX,n=51).The demographic data,the incidence of persistent ectopic pregnancy(PEP)postoperation,and the hysterosalpingography(HSG) 3 months(postoperation) were analysed,and the side effects of the study group were observed. Results There was 1 case of PEP in the study group and 9 cases in the control group(2.0% vs 17.6%,P0.05).There were no obvious side effects such as nausea,vomit and dental ulcer in the study group. Conclusion Patients who were treated with local MTX injection during the laparoscopic linear salpingostomy present less incidence of PEP with no obvious side effects.

PBL(Problem-Based Learning, PBL) is a problem-oriented and effective supplementary teaching method. PBL is giving a great help to improve self-learning, communication and cooperation, thinking and problems solving abilities for the students. In the process of PBL teaching, attention should be paid to two important items. One item is the role transfer for the teacher. Teacher is only a guider in PBL teaching, teacher should avoid excessive interfere of the process for keeping the passion and enthusiasm of the students. Meanwhile, students should always be realized that they are the main part in PBL teaching, they should not depend on their teacher too much. Another important item is how to find and solve the frequently encountered problems, in order to avoid students wandering from the subject, and lead them toward the main goal to get effective teaching and learning.

Objective To investigate the methods of reducing radiation dose in CT coronary angiography through optimizing individualized scan dosage protocol.Methods Two hundred patients (group A)underwent coronary CTA examination which was performed with fixed 120 kV and variable mA according to their BMI.The mA was set as 150-300 mA(BMI ＜ 18.5 kg/m2),300-500 mA (18.5 kg/m2 ≤ BMI ＜ 25.0 kg/m2),and 500-800 mA(BMI ≥ 25.0 kg/m2).When all examinations were finished,a linear regression was employed to analyze the correlation between mA and BMI,body surface(Suf),image noise(SD)respectively.The results of the analysis were used to formulate a regression equation,which was further used to establish a table list for quick search on how much mA that individualized coronary CTA scan would need.Another 200 patients(group B)enrolled for the individualized scan were scanned under new protocol that previous study established.The tube voltage was 100 and 120 kV.The tube current was variable according to the data in the table list.One-way ANOVA and Kruskal-wallis H test were used for statistics.Results Regression equation between mA and BMI,Suf,SD was:mA =17.984 × BMI + 169.149 × Suf-2.282 × SD-361.039.The SD(group A:32.08 ± 5.80,group B:28.60±4.47),dose index volume(CTDIvol)[group A:(41.97 ± 11.37)mGy,group B:(33.18±10.07)mGy],effective dose(ED)[group A:(10.91 ±3.07)mSy,group B:(8.83 ±2.72)mSv]had significant differences between the two groups(F =43.45,63.71,49.07 respectively,P ＜0.01 for all).The SD and ED results obtained in group B were better than those in group A.Conclusion Better performances were obtained when BMI combined Suf was used as a new individualized protocol than when BMI was used only,which means good image quality and lower radiation dosage in coronary CTA examination.

OBJECTIVE: To detect the changes of mitochondrion DNA (mtDNA) sequence in articular chondrocytes of cartilage affected by osteoarthritis and to clarified the pathogenetic mechanism of osteoarthritis. METHODS: We analyzed the mtDNA 4,977 bp deletion mutations of articular chondrocytes in 10 patients with osteoarthritis and 3 normal cartilages using the gap-PCR amplification method. We designed a two round PCR detection method, in which total DNA was isolated from articular chondrocytes as the template of the first round PCR reaction and products from the first round were the template in the second round reaction. RESULTS: The results of the first rounds of PCR reaction showed the mtDNA 524 bp amplified products in the osteoarthritis group and in the corresponding peripheral blood samples were not detected, but the 533 bp products were detected. However,the results of the second round reaction revealed that the 524 bp zones were detected in 2 of the 10 osteoarthritis patients and the corresponding peripheral blood samples were not detected. The 533 bp products were detected in all specimens. The mtDNA 524 bp amplified products in all the normal articular chondrocytes and the corresponding peripheral white blood cells contrast were not detected in both rounds PCR. CONCLUSION This was the first study to evaluate the mtDNA 4799 bp large fragment deletion mutational accumulation between nt8,470 - nt13,447 of articular chondrocytes in osteoarthritic cartilage. Osteoarthritis may be related to mtDNA mutation of articular chondrocytes.
Adult ; Cartilage, Articular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chondrocytes ; metabolism ; DNA, Mitochondrial ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Deletion ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; genetics ; Osteoarthritis, Hip ; genetics ; Osteoarthritis, Knee ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

OBJECTIVETo construct the recombinant baculovirus Ac-cytomegalovirus (CMV)-hSox9 for gene therapy of intervertebral disc degeneration.

METHODSBac-to-Bac system was used for the construction of baculovirus Ac-CMV-hSox9. The cDNA of hSox9 was first cloned into a plasmid vector under the control of CMV promotor to generate the donor plasmid pFastBacDuljgreen fluorescene protein (GFP)-CMV (pFGC)-hSox9. The resultant plasmid was transformed into DH10Bac cells and then the transformation mixture was spread on Luria-Bertani (LB) agarose culture medium containing isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG), X-gal, gentamicin, kanamycin and tetracycline. The white colonies were selected and cultured for amplification, and the hSox9Bacmid DNA was extracted. After verification, recombinant baculovirus Ac-CMV-hSox9 was obtained through transfecting Sf 21 cells. The expression of hSox9 gene in the intervertebral disc cells in rabbits was determined by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining.

RESULTSPolymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed the presence of hSox9 gene in the recombinant baculovirus and the Sf 21 cells transfected by the baculovirus showed the expression of fluorescence protein. Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining analysis indicated that exogenous hSox9 gene was expressed in the disc cells.

CONCLUSIONSThe successful construction of the recombinant baculovirus Ac-CMV-hSox9 and the confirmation of the target gene expression provides a novel expression vector system for basic research and clinical treatment of intervertebral degenerative disc disease.

Animals ; Baculoviridae ; genetics ; Cytomegalovirus ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; High Mobility Group Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intervertebral Disc ; cytology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Plasmids ; Rabbits ; Recombinant Proteins ; SOX9 Transcription Factor ; Spinal Diseases ; therapy ; Transcription Factors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo study the biomarkers of styrene and to provide theoretical basis for bio-monitoring of styrene.

METHODSUrinary mandalic acid (MA), phenylglyoxalic acid (PGA) and mercapturic acid (MUA) of styrene were examined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

RESULTSThe correlation regression equations between exposure dose and MA, PGA and MUA level in morning urinary samples were: ŷ = 2.58x + 70.82; ŷ = 1.66x + 37.42; ŷ = 0.05x + 0.55 respectively. The correlation regression equations between exposure dose and MA, PGA and MUA level in post-shift urinary samples were: ŷ = 1.85x + 89.02; ŷ = 1.33x + 4.32; ŷ = 0.04x + 0.68 respectively. All showed close dose-response relationship.

CONCLUSIONSThe level of MA, PGA and MUA in morning or post-shift urinary samples may be used as bio-monitoring indexes of styrene.

Acetylcysteine ; urine ; Adult ; Biomarkers ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Environmental Monitoring ; Glyoxylates ; urine ; Humans ; Male ; Mandelic Acids ; urine ; Regression Analysis ; Styrene ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of compound qizhu granule (CQG) on cellular immunity of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients.

METHODSTotally 103 CHB patients treated with lamivudin (LAM) for 6 months, who had partial virological response (HBeAg positive) were randomly assigned to two groups, 50 in the treatment group and 53 in the control group. All patients took LAM 100 mg (once a day) plus ADV 10 mg (once a day). Patients in the treatment group additionally took CQG, one dose per day. After one-year treatment hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negative rates, HBeAg seroconversion, levels of HBV specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL), non-specific CTL and natural killing (NK) cells were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSAfter 1-year treatment, HBV DNA negative rate of the treatment group was 88: 0% in 44 cases, slightly higher than that of the control group (41 cases, 77.4%), but with no statistical difference (P >0.05). HBeAg seroconversion of the treatment group was 32.0% in 16 cases, higher than that of the control group (8 cases, 15.1%), with statistical difference (P <0.05). Levels of HBV specific CTL (0.79%±0. 07%), non-specific CTL (19.4%±1.8%) and NK cells (14. 1%± 1.5%) of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group (0.58% ± 0.08%, 17.5% ± 1.7%, and 11.1%±1.5%, respectively; allP <0.01).

CONCLUSIONTreating CHB patients with partial virological response by ADV plus CQG could improve specific and non-specific cellular immunity, thereby elevating HBeAg seroconversion rate.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; immunology ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Cellular ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; drug effects

Objective To observe the association between job stress (effort-reward imbalance model) and blood lipids among university staff in Yunnan province. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1244 university staff in Yunnan province. The job stress was measured by the validated Chinese self-reported Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI). Blood lipids were measured in all participated staff members. Results After adjustment for relevant confounding factors, it was found that the risk of increased serum triglyceride was 3.5 folds higher in male staffs with high extrinsic effort compared those with low extrinsic effort (OR = 3.45, 95% CI: 1.32-9.04) while the risk of increased serum low density lipoprotein-cholesterol was 2.9 folds higher in male staffs with high overcommitment compared those with low overcommitment (OR = 2.86, 95% CI: 1.03-7.96). The risk of elevated serum triglyceride increased in proportion to increasing job stress: 3.5 folds increase in male staffs with moderate job stress (OR = 3.43,95% CI: 1.24-9.53) and 4 folds increase in male staffs with high job stress (OR = 4.16, 95% CI: 1.42-12.17) compared those with low job stress. However, there was no significant association between job stress and lipid profile in female staffs. Conclusion Our results show that job stress (effort-reward imbalance) is positively associated with abnormal blood lipids in male university staffs.

Objective To investigate the impact on the retention time of retention enema at chen shi in patients with sequelae of pelvic inflammatory disease.Methods 60 residential patients (from May 2009 to June 2010 ) with pelvic inflammatory disease were randomly divided into observation group and control group based on table of random number,each group had 30 cases.The observation group practiced enema at 7:00 ～ 9:00comparing with the control group at routine time(19:00 - 21:00).Investigate the percentage of bowel movement before enema,the feeling of bowel movement and the retention time.Results The times of appearance and the degree of feeling of defecation is significantly lower in observation group than that in control group after enema (Z =- 5.968,P ＜ 0.01 ),there were no differences before enema (Z =-0.561,P ＞ 0.05) ; The media retention time is (13.425 ± 5.362)h in observation group comparing with (9.303±2.695)h in control group,the difference is significant ( t =-20.200,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions Retention enema at Chen Shi can increase the retention time and alleviate awareness of defecation.

Objective To explore the effect of paeonol on lipid metabolism of hyperlipidemia in mice and clarity the molecule mechanism.Methods According to diet,male C57 mice were randomly divided into normal group,model group,low and high dose experimental groups (paeonol 250,500 mg · kg-1).Each group had ten mice.After 12 weeks,the body weight,visceral fat index,serum lipid and key enzymes were determined.The level of hepatic lipase (HL),lipoprotein lipase (LPL),HMG-CoA reductase enzyme (HMG-CoA RE) were determined by chromatometry.The mRNA expressions of lipid synthesis genes,such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 c (SREBP-1c),fatty acid synthetase (FAS),acetyl CoA carboxylase α (ACCα),3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR),low-density lipoprotein receptor(LDLR),stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 (SCD-1) were analyzed by Real -time PCR.Results Feeding with high fat diet for 12 weeks,the total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterin (LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterin (HDL-C)in model group were (3.87 ± 0.24),(0.87 ± 0.10),(2.23 ± 0.11) mmol · L-1,respectively.Compared with normal group,the difference of the two factors had significantly(P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).The TC,LDL-C,HDL-C in experimental-L,experimental-H groups were (3.13 ±0.22),(2.64 ± 0.21) mmol · L-1;(0.62 ± 0.08),(0.59 ±0.07) mmol · L-1;(1.92 ± 0.09),(1.71 ± 0.07) mmol · L-1,respectively.Compared with model group,the difference of the two factors in two experimental groups had significantly (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).The level of HL and LPL in model group were (4.31 ± 0.52),(8.49 ± 1.11) U · mL-1,respectively.Compared with normal group,the difference of the three factors had significantly(P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01).The level of HL and LPL in experimental-L,experimental-H groups were(6.92 ± 1.01),(8.23 ± 1.14) U · mL-1;(11.87 ± 1.19),(15.42 ± 1.75) U · mL-1,respectively.Compared with model group,the difference of the two factors in two experimental groups had significantly (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜0.01).In addition,paeonol can inhibit the activity of HMG-CoA reductase (HMGCR).Compared with model group,the difference of the two factors in two experimental groups had significantly(P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01).Compared with the normal group,induction of high fat diet of SREBP-1c mRNA 、FAS mRNA 、ACCα mRNA 、HMGCR mRNA and SCD-1 mRNA,the model group was up-regulated 370％,420％,410％,400％,260％ with significantly (all P＜0.01).The experimental group reduced the expression of SREBP-1c mRNA,FAS mRNA,ACCα mRNA,HMGCR mRNA and SCD-1 mRNA in model group were 27.7％,26.9％;57.4％,55.8％ with significandy (all P ＜0.05).Conclusion Paeonol could prevent the obesity and hyperlipidemia,which might be related to the regulation of enzyme activity,the inhibition of lipid synthesis pathway.