OBJECTIVE: To explore the growing development and community succession of main sarcosaphagous insects on pig carcasses in summer indoor and outdoor environment in Shenzhen area and to estimate the postmortem interval (PMI). METHODS: From early May to August in 2013, in Forensic Medical Examination Center of Shenzhen Public Security Bureau, the main insect species and the decomposition process were observed in two adult pig carcasses of simulative indoor and outdoor environment. The different decomposition stages and the community succession of insects were recorded. RESULTS: The indoor and outdoor pig carcasses showed skeleton 412.5 and 325 hours after death, respectively. The main species of flies on pig carcasses were Chrysomya megacephala, Chrysomya rufifacies and Chrysomya chani. The main species of beetles were Crecphilus maxillosus, Necrobia ruficollis, Saprinus splendens and Dermestes maculatu. The dominant species of flies in the outdoor pig carcasses obviously produced the second generations due to the effect of mass rainfall, nor in the indoor pig carcasses. CONCLUSION There are regular patterns on the community succession of insects on pig carcasses in summer indoor and outdoor environment in Shenzhen area. The activity patterns of seven typical insects and their larva show important value for estimating PMI.
Animals ; Autopsy ; Cadaver ; China ; Coleoptera ; Death ; Diptera ; Environment ; Insecta/growth & development* ; Larva ; Population Dynamics ; Postmortem Changes ; Seasons ; Swine

Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of transcatheter radiofrequency ablation guided by a three-dimensional mapping system (Ensite or Carto) for the treatment of complex cardiac arrhythmias. Methods A cohort of 123 consecutive hospitalized inpatients during the period from February 2006 to December 2008 were selected for this study. These patients suffered from various arrhythmias, including paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (n=58). Persistent or permanent atrial fibrillation (n=10), atrial flutter (n=13), atrial tachycardia (n=12) and ventricular tachycardia or frequent ventricular premature beats (n=30). Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation for arrhythmias was performed under the guidance of an EnSite3 000/NavX or Array mapping system in 80 cases, and under the guidance of a CARTO mapping system in the remaining 43 cases. Results Successful ablation of arrhythmias was obtained by single operation in 106 cases(86.18%). Including 59 cases with atrial fibriUation,11 cases with atrial flutter, 10 cases with atrial tachycardia, and 26 cases with ventricular tachycardia or premature ventricular beat. Ablation procedure was carried out and was successful in 10 cases with a successful rate of 94.31%, including 5 cases with atrial fibrillation. 1 case with recurred atrial flutter, 1 case with recurrent atrial tachycardia, and 3 cases with ventricular tachycardia or premature ventricular beat. After operation, complications occurred in 6 cases, including cardiac tamponade in 4 cases, distal embolism of the left anterior descending coronary artery in 1 case, and pulmonary embolism in 1 case. Conclusion Three-dimensional mapping system can clearly and stereoscopically display the cardiac structures. Therefore, this technique is of great value in guiding the transcatheter radiofrequency ablation for complex arrhythmias, in improving the success rate of ablation and in increasing the safety of the procedure.

To study the mechanisms of total flavonoid from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (TFGR) and its ingredient isoliquiritigenin (ISL) on their regulation of M2 phenotype polarization of macrophages. IL-4 (60 μg x L(-1)) induced RAW264.7 cells for 6 h to establish the M2 macrophage model. TFGR and ISL restrained breast cancer cells migration with the aid of M2 macrophages in vitro. TFGR and ISL inhibited gene and protein expression of Arg-1, up-regulated gene of HO-1 and protein expression of iNOS, enhanced the expression of microRNA 155 and its target gene SHIP1, meanwhile down-regulated.the phosphorylation of STAT3 and STAT6. So TFGR and ISL were the bioactive fraction and ingredient in Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma to reverse M2 phenotype macrophages polarization. TFGR and ISL inhibited the promotion of M2 macrophages to breast cancer cells migration in vitro, STAT signal pathways and miR155 were partly involved.
Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; drug effects ; Cell Polarity ; drug effects ; Chalcones ; pharmacology ; Flavonoids ; pharmacology ; Glycyrrhiza ; chemistry ; Interleukin-4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Mice ; RAW 264.7 Cells ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Objective To observe the immediate hemodynamic effects of the intercoronary ischemic preconditioning on the coronary perfusion pressure.Methods The observational study recruited 17 patients who were hospitalized for stable coronary disease and had severe stenosis lesions (70％ ～ 85％ ) in one or two vessels per coronary angiography.They were randomized into ICPC ( n =8 ) group ( receiving two cycles of 1-min balloon inflation and 5-min reperfusion) and control group (n =9).Before interventional treatment,the ICPC group was given 2 cycles of intercomary ischemic preconditioning.The occlusive and non-occlusive pressures proximal and distal to the stenosis were collected before and after ICPC.Fractional flow reserve (FFR) was calculated upon the following equation:FFR =Pd/Pa ( Pa:hyperemic mean aortic pressure,Pd:hyperemic coronary pressure distal to the stenosis).Results Before and after ischemic preconditioning,coronary wedge pressure and FFR of ICPC group were significantly increased ( coronary wedge pressure was from [ 22.08 ± 19.14 ]mm Hg to [25.46 ±19.04]mm Hg,P=0.011;FFR.was from [70.30±16.05]％ to [77.53 ±13.42]％,P=0.001).The collateral flow was increased significantly.Coronary wedge pressure and FFR of control group did not improved obviously.There were significant differences in FFRs and coronary wedge pressures between ICPC and control groups.Conclusion Coronary ischemic preconditioning can improve coronary perfusion pressure,and rapidly increase the coronary pressure distal to the severe stenosis lesions.

Guinea pigs were given orally with a daily dose of 0.5 mg ascorbic acid per 100 g body weight 20 days before and 4 days after a whole-body r-irradiation and then injected subcutaneously with 10 mg ascorbic acid at 24 hours intervals. During the injection period, the daily urinary output of total ascorbic acid in the animals irradiated with 500 or 1000 r was significantly higher than that in controls, but the difference of 24 hours excretions of total ascorbic acid between the group irradiated with 150 or 250 r and the control group was not statistically significant.As shown in the urinary output of dehydroascorbic acid and diketo- gulonic acid estimated by our modified Roe's method, r-irradiation has no effect on its excretion in guinea pigs and rats.The levels of ascorbic acid in plasma, spleen and adrenals were significantly lower in the irradiated group than in the control group, but might increase with the increase of the injected dose of ascorbic acid.

Objective To design a new method to verify the position of multileaf collimator(MLC)leaf using a two-dimensional ion chamber array(2D-array).Methods 2D-array of PTW T10018 Seven29~(TM) was used to calibrate the accuracy of MLC leaf position of Elekta Precise accelerator.The edge function of the leaf position of MLC was measured and used as the reference value.The precision of MLC leaf was then evaluated through comparing the measured and reference values.Results The accuracy of MLC leaf position was found within?0.1 mm.Conclusion This method of verifying the accuracy of multileaf collimator leaf position is easy,simple and reliable

Background and purpose:Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder (UCB) is the most common cancer in urinary system. Yes associated protein (YAP) gene is closely associated with urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. The study was aimed to explore the effect of siRNA targeting the YAP gene on cell proliferation and migration of T24 cells. Methods:Small interfering RNA (siRNA) was transfected together with LipofectamineTM2000 in T24 human bladder cancer cells to block the YAP signal pathway. The effect of siRNA on cell proliferation and invasiveness was assessed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, Transwell migration assay and wound healing assay. Quantitative real time-Polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot analysis were used to conifrm the successful suppression of YAP gene and protein by siRNA. Results:Expression of YAP gene and protein was successfully suppressed after transfected with siRNA which verified by qRT-PCR and Western blot(RNA:F=93.91, P<0.000 1; Protein: F=4.62, P<0.05). As CCK-8 test showed, the proliferation of T24 bladder cancer cells was successfully restrained by inhibition of YAP gene compared with blank control and negative control(12 h: F=6.00, P=0.037;24 h: F=41.72, P=0.000 3;36 h:F=462.8, P<0.000 1;48 h:F=236.6, P<0.000 1;72 h:F=140.5, P<0.000 1). Transwell and wound healing test were performed after YAP gene was interfered by siRNA. The result demonstrated that migration of T24 bladder cancer cells was signiifcantly inhibited (Transwell: F=43.55, P<0.05;Wound healing: F=43.55, P<0.05). Conclusion:This study suggested that YAP gene was an important enhancer for the proliferation and migration of bladder cancer cells.

Objective To analyze the patterns of cortical atrophy of the two subtypes of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD ),behavioural-vsriant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD ) and primary progressive aphasia (PPA).And to compare them with that of Alzheimer disease (AD) to provide an objective basis for early diagnosis and differential diagnosis.MethodsA total of 83 patients were enrolled in this study and there were 30 patients with cognitively normal controls (CN),30 with AD and 23 with FTLD (10 with bvFTD,13 with PPA).Philips 3.0 T TX scanner and 8 channel head coil was employed.Three dimensional turbo fast echo(3D-TFE)T1WI sequence with high resolution was used to collect the volume data of gray matter.3D-TFE T1 WI images were normalized and segmented into gray matter map for statistical analysis by SPM 8 and VBM 8.The false discovery rate (FDR) was adopted in P value adjustment,P ＜ 0.001,and the cluster size was set at 5.The full width at half maximum (FWHM ) was set at 4 mm for the smoothing.Paired t test was used for statistics.ResultsIn bvFTD,PPA and AD groups,there were diffuse regions with reduced volume in cerebral cortex and subcortical structures (such as the hippocampus,the amygdala,the caudate nuclei,et al).The most obvious atrophic region in bvFTD and PPA group was found in the frontotemporal.Compared with AD,gray matter atrophy in bvFTD was found in brain regions including bilateral temporal lobes,bilateral superior temporal pole gyri,bilateral middle temporal pole gyri,right fusiform gyrus and bilateral frontal lobes.Among them,temporal and frontal lobes atrophy had obvious right partial lateralizing,with 14 301 voxels in right temporal lobe and 5105 in left (t =-5.03,P＜0.05).The number of atrophy voxels in right and left frontal lobe were 1344 and 125 (t =3.45,P ＜0.05).The left temporooccipital lobe atrophy was more obvious than the right in PPA,with 15 637 voxels in left and 10 723 in right ( t =- 2.65,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsThere are different brain gray matter atrophy patterns in bvFD,PPA and AD.Among them,bvFTD has asymmetric right frontal and temporal lobe atrophy,which may be related to characteristic personality changes.On the other hand,the asymmetric atrophy in left temporooccipital lobe may be responsible for the aphasis of patients with PPA.

A 51-year-old woman presented with metachronous tumor development in bilateral breasts, thyroid, and endometrium. Additional signs and symptoms fulfilled the National Comprehensive Cancer Network criteria for Cowden syndrome. Immunohistochemistry showed loss of PTEN expression in all tumors. Single nucleotide variants, 647 germline variants (including one each in PTEN and MSH3), and 21 somatic mutations within exons were detected in all tumors after whole-exome sequencing. There were 0, 11, and 46 specific somatic mutations in bilateral breasts, thyroid, and endometrial cancers, respectively.Although PTEN mutation is key to the development of Cowden syndrome, DNA repair dysfunction might be the initial driver of mutations. Fewer mutations were required to induce initial bilateral breast carcinomas, with subsequent thyroid and endometrial carcinomas requiring more mutations for induction. When genetic screening is unavailable, breast cancer patients with clinical manifestations of Cowden syndrome must be carefully assessed for secondary malignancies, such as thyroid and endometrial carcinomas.

The DNA fragments of ag85b、esat-6、hsp65、mpb64 and ag85b-esat-6、hsp65-esat-6、mpb64-esat-6 were amplified by PCR and SOE technique.These seven fragments were inserted into pCDNA3.1(+)vector to construct recombinant plasmids pCA、pCE6、pCH、pCM、pCAE、pCHE and pCME.The seven plasmids were transfected into SP2/0 cell in vitro to detect the expression of target genes.BALB/c mice were intramuscularly vaccinated with the seven plasmids and the control vector pCDNA3.1(+)and PBS respectively.The serum antibodies and the spleen lymphocyte proliferation(SLP)and secreted IFN～? of spleen were tested.The results of indirect ELISA showed the levels of antibodies in all recombinant plasmids groups were significantly higher than the two control groups(P